1、2024年暑假八年级升九年级外研版英语预习学案冠词基础专项冠词的概念：冠词是用在名词前面，用来说明名词所指的人或事物。 不定冠词 a / an 冠词 定冠词 the 零冠词考点1 不定冠词a，an的用法（1）基本用法用法例词/例句用于第一次提到的人或事物名词前There is a football under the desk. 书桌下面有一个足球。This is an apple. 这是一个苹果。指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物I study in a primary school in Nanning. 我在南宁的一所小学学习。His teacher is an old man. 他的
2、老师是位老人。表示数量“一”，相当于one或eachI have a book in my schoolbag. 我的书包里有一本书。He eats an apple every day. 他每天吃一个苹果。表示类别，泛指某一类人或物A horse is bigger than a rabbit. 马比兔子大。表示“每一”，相当于everyonce a week一周一次；five yuan a kilo 每公斤五元five lessons a day 每天五节课 (2)用于固定搭配中。take a walk散步 have a cold感冒have a look看一看 have a rest 休
3、息have a try试一试 keep a diary记日记in a hurry匆忙 in a word总之in a moment立刻 a little/few一点儿for a while一会儿 a lot of许多a pair/ piece/ group/bottle of一- 双/张/组/瓶do sb. a favor帮某人一把have a good/ great time玩得愉快pay a visit to.拜访.tips: 如果说所修饰的名词是元音音素开头，就用an；以铺音音素开头，就用a。有些名词虽然词首是元音字母，但发音却以辅音音素开头，这时名词前要用a, 如：a useful b
4、ook（u发/ju:/音）, a university （u发/ju:/音）。 a European country . 有些名词虽然词首是辅音字母，但发音却以元音因素开头，这时名词前面要用an, 如：an hour（h不发音）。趁热打铁（1）( )1. As Tim loves Zunyi a lot, he bought _one-way ticket to Zunyi and decided to stay there for a year. A. an B. a C./ D. the ( )2. A good beginning makes _good ending. A. a B.
5、an C. the D./( )3. Have you watched the movie Iron Man 3?Of course, _fantastic movie! A. a B. an C. the D.不填( )4. Reading can make you become _ expert and change your life. A. a B. an C. / D. the考点2 定冠词的用法（1）基本用法用法例词/例句用于说话人双方都知道的人或事物前The pen on the desk is mine. 桌子上的那支钢笔是我的。 I like the picture on t
6、he wall. 我喜欢墙上的那幅画。用于特指或上文已经提到过的人或事物I have a dress. The dress is very beautiful. 我有一条连衣裙。这条连衣裙很漂亮。 There is a map on the wall. The map is a Chinese map. 墙上有一幅地图。它是一幅中国地图。用于表示西洋乐器名称的名词前She can play the violin. 她会拉小提琴。 Do you like playing the piano? 你喜欢弹钢琴吗？用于世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、地球等）The earth moves aro
7、und the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。 The moon is smaller than the earth. 月亮比地球小。the Yellow River 黄河；the Pacific Ocean 太平洋用于姓氏复数前表示“一家人”The Greens like watching TV. 格林一家人爱看电视。用于序数词前、形容词或副词的最高级前（副词前通常省略）Sunday is the first day of a week. 星期天是一周的第一天。 He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班最高的男孩。用于形容词前，表示复数意义的某一类人或物
8、the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the young 年轻人(2) 用于固定搭配中。in the morning/ afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上in the east/ west/ south/ north在东/西/南/北方by the way 顺便说一下in the end最终 at the moment现在 on the right/ left 在右/左边on the other hand另一方面at the age of 在.岁 at the beginning of在.开始 at the end of 在.结尾go to the cinema看电影
9、go to the station 去车站温馨提示: the在以元音因素开头的词前读/i/,如 the air; 在以辅音因素开头的词前读/ /, 如：the day趁热打铁（2）一、在下列名词前填上 a 或an。（每小题1分，共10分）1. _ picture 2. _ ear 3. _ duck 4. _ elephant 5. _ girl 6. _ unit 7. _ hour 8. _ actor 9. _ university10. _ European country11. _ umbrella12. _ apple二、单项选择1.He often watches news on
10、 TV for nearly _ hour after dinner.A. a B. an C. the D. /2. -Its _ hot day today, isnt it? -Yes, it is. A. a B. an C. the D. /考点3 零冠词的用法（1）基本用法用法例词/例句国名、地名、人名等专有名词前China 中国 Shanghai 上海 Tom 汤姆季节、月份、星期等名词前in summer 在夏季 in July 在七月 from Monday to Friday 从星期一至星期五一日三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名词前have dinner 吃晚餐 play ba
11、sketball 打篮球 play chess 下象棋表示交通方式“by+”A horse is bigger than a rabbit. 马比兔子大。名词前已有所有格、物主代词、指示代词或不定代词等词修饰时this dress 这件连衣裙 my sister 我妹妹 Lilys schoolbag 莉莉的书包(2)用于固定搭配中at first/last 首先/最后 at noon/ night dawn在中午/晚上/黎明at school/ work home在学校/工作中/在家 in trouble/ danger在困境/危险中in time及时 in fact实际上on duty/
12、watch值日/值班on time准时in front of在.的前部go to school/work去上学/去上班day and night日日夜夜face to face面对面side by side 肩并肩step by step一步一步地 课堂训练一、单项选择1. -What is in your schoolbag, Ann? It looks heavy.-Some books and _ English-Chinese dictionary.A. a B. an C. the D. /2. -Look! _ alien is running after the man.-Hah
13、a, they are making a movie on _street.A. An; the D. B; /C. A; the D. The; an3. I think Readers( 朗读者) is_educational TV program. A. a B. an C. the D. /4. Laura is _honest girl and she studies at a university. A./ B. a C. an D. the5. I often play _ guitar in my spare time.A./ B. a C. an D. the6. There
14、 is a pencil on the floor._pencil is Peters.A. a B. An C. TheD. /7. Ive had _ bad cold, so I dont think I can go to _school today.A. a; / B. /; the C./; / D. a; the8. -Do you know Peng Liyuan?-Of course, she is _ First Lady of China. She sings wonderfully.A. a B. an C. the D./二、单句语法填空。1. Mary was bo
15、rn in 1998 and she began to play guitar at the age of seven.2. Whats matter with you? I have a toothache.3. The weather asked us to write _ 800-word-long composition.4. Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. 5. There is no living on moon.6. We always held the opinion that she is _ hon
16、est girl.第 15 页 共 78 页冠词综合练习一、单项选择1. He often watches news on TV for nearly hour after dinner.A. a B.an C. the D./2.-Its hot day today,isnt it?-Yes, it is.A. AB.anC. theD./3.-What do you want to be when you grow up?-I want to be engineer.A. a B. anC.the D./4.-Do you know how to spell word“napkin in
17、English?-Yes. It begins with “n”.A. the; a B.an;anC. a; theD. the;the5. There is old picture on wall.A. an; the B.an; an C. a; the D.a; a6. -What do you think of Beihai? -It is great. air is so fresh.A. A B. An C. The D./7. That 6-year-old girl is good at playing piano.A. an B. a C. /D.the8. Deng Zi
18、qi is singer from Hong Kong.A. / B. a C. an D. the9. -How can we get to Fucheng Airport?-By car.A. a B. an C.the D./10. -Do you know Ye Shiwen?-Yes, she is Olympic swimming star.She started swimming at age of six.A. an; an B.a; the C. the; an D. an; the11.Tom often plays basketball after breakfast.A
19、. a; the B. the; the C. /; the D. /; /12.There is apple on the table.A. a B. an C. theD./13. David usually takes walk for an hour after dinner.A. A B.an C. the D./14. -What is in your schoolbag, Ann? It looks heavy. -Some books and English-Chinese dictionary.A.a B. an C. the D./15.-Look! Alien is ru
20、nning after the man. -Haha, they are making a movie on street.A.An; the B.The; / C. A; the D.The; an16. I think Readers( 朗读者)is educational TV program. A. a B. an C. the D./ 17. Laura is honest girl and she studies at a university.A./ B. a C. anD. the18.I often play guitar in my spare time.A. / B.a
21、C. an D. the19.There is a pencil on the floor. pencil is Peters.A.A B.An C. TheD./ 20.Ive had bad cold, so I dont think I can go to school today.A. a;/ B. /; the C./; / D. a; the极限挑战1. Christine is selling her house, but on other hand she doesnt want to move.A. a B. an C. the D. /2. There is tall ma
22、n in front of the Zoo gate. A. a B. an C. the D. /3. -There is egg on the table.Would you like to have it? -No, thanks. A. / B. an C. a D. the4. Mary is eight-year-old girl with long curly hair. A.a B. the C. D./5. I usually have breakfast at home. I think its good for my health. A. a B. an C. the D
23、. /6.Every evening my daughter plays piano for an hour.A. the B. a C. / D. an7. Dangal(摔跤吧!爸爸)， Indian film, has become one of most popular films in China. A. a; B. a; theC. an; the D. /; the8. They stopped in beautiful place for camping, near farmhouse of the Smiths.A.a;a B. the; aC. a: the D. the;
24、 the9. This is interesting story for the kids.A. An B.a C./ D.the10. -What can you do,Jim? -I can play guitar and chess.A. a; the B. the; aC. the; / D. the; the11.-Did you enjoy your time in Dali,Mrs. Smith? -Yes, I had great time.A. an B. a C.theD. /12.May 13th is lucky day for Mike. Because he won
25、 the singing contest.A. a B. an C. the D. /13.We can neither pick flowers in the park, nor play football on the grassland.A.a B. an C. the D. /14. Look at old woman under the tree.She is our physics teachers grandmother.A. an B. a C. / D. the15. The sun shines on earth, so there is plenty of warmth
26、and light on the ground.A. a B. an C. the D./16-What do you want to be in the future,Lucy?-I want to be pilot.It is exciting job.A. a; a B. a; an C:a; the D. the; an名词基础专项训练考点一、名词的分类名词按其类别可分为专有名词和普通名词。具体情况见下表：类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词Lucy, China, the Great Wall普通名词可数名词个体名词表示单个的人或事物的词dictionary,
27、 pencil, chair集体名词表示一群人或者一些事物的词family, police, class, team不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质的词rice, glass, water, paper抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、情感等抽象概念的词knowledge, love, health趁热打铁（1）( )1. What _ bowl of noodles would you like, small, medium or large? A large bowl of beef noodles, please.A. color B. price C. size D. kind(
28、) 2. I want a sweet milk. Put some _ in my cup, please. A. ice B. soup C. salt D. sugar考点二、可数名词及其单复数名词按其所表示的事物的性质可以分为可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，复数构成形成的部分规则如下：1. 规则变化情况构成方法例词一般情况加-spenpens, doctordoctors, mapmaps 以s, x, ch, sh 结尾加-esbusbuses, boxboxes, watchwatches, brushbrushes 以辅音字母加y结尾将y变为i再加-esfac
29、toryfactories, familyfamilies 以元音字母加y结尾只加-sboyboys, daydays 以o结尾加-esNegroNegroes, heroheroes, potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes 加-sphotophotos, radioradios以f或fe结尾将f或fe变为v再加-eswifewives, thiefthieves, shelfshelves, knifeknives, leafleaves 加-sroof-roofs2. 不规则变化变单词内部元音字母manmen, womanwomen, toothteeth, goo
30、segeese, footfeet, policemanpolicemen 单复数同形sheepsheep, fishfish, deerdeer, ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese 特殊变化childchildren, mousemice，oxoxen 常用复数的词shoes, glasses, trousers, jeans, scissors, clothes, pants, shorts, people某国人变复数中日不变，英法变，其余-s加后面2. 合成名词的复数(1) 一般情况下把后面一个名词变为复数。Eg：a girl studentfive gi
31、rl students, an apple treeten apple trees(2) 由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数时要把名词和man/woman同时变为复数。 Eg：a man doctorthree men doctors, a woman teachersix women teachers(3) sport作定语修饰其他名词时，无论主体词是单数还是复数，sport通常用复数形式。 Eg：a sports club, sports shoes趁热打铁（2）一、将下列名词变成复数1. doctor _ 2. box _ 3. potato _4. fish _ 5. peop
32、le _ 6. day _7. roof _ 8. watch _ 9. factory _10. photo _ 11. tooth _ 12. wife _13. child _ 14. sheep _ 15. thief _16. Chinese _ 17. mouse _ 18. policeman _19. an apple tree _ 20. a woman teacher _考点三、不可数名词1. 不可数名词的表达（1） 不可数名词没有复数形式。前面不能用不定冠词a(an) 修饰，但可用much, a lot of/lots of, plenty of, some, littl
33、e, a little等修饰。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Eg：There is some tea in the cup. 杯子里有些茶（2）常用“数词/不定冠词 + 名词 + of + 不可数名词”来表示不可数名词的量。 Eg：a piece of paper 一张纸，two cups of tea两杯茶，a glass of water一玻璃杯水， three bottles of pop三瓶汽水。作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of前面的名词的数。 Eg：There are three glasses of orange juice on the table. 桌子上有三玻璃杯橙汁。2.
34、 【重点】常考的不可数名词advice建议，furniture家具，fun乐趣，homework作业，housework家务，information信息，paper纸，sugar糖，work工作，news新闻，progress进步，traffic交通，weather天气3. 有些名词既可数又不可数，意义不同exercise锻炼exerises习题，演练 paper纸papers 报纸，试卷work工作works 著作 room空间rooms 房间 life生活经历lives生命趁热打铁（3）( ) 1. What can I do for you?Er, I want a glass of m
35、ilk, some bread and _. A. some chickens B. any chickens C. some chicken D. any chicken( ) 2.Mum, I am hungry. May I have some _. Of course. But dont eat too much. A. bread B. noodle C. dumpling D. hamburger( ) 3. Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and _. A. some rice B. a few ric
36、e C. a little rices D. a rice考点四、专有名词1. 专有名词的首字母要大写。Eg：the United States美国，the Great Wall长城，the Summer Palace颐和园2. 常见的专有名词（1） 节假日：Childrens Day儿童节，Mothers Day母亲节（2） 月份、星期：January一月，February二月Monday星期一，Tuesday星期二（3） 江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等：the Yellow River黄河趁热打铁（4）1. When is _ Day? Its on June 1st, Dave.A. C
37、hild B. Children C. Childs D. Childrens考点五、名词所有格名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系。有两种表示形式：一种是“s”所有格，另一种是of所有格。Eg：Beijing is Chinas capital. = Beijing is the capital of China.1. s所有格情况方法例子单数名词加-smy friends uncle以s结尾的复数名词加Teachers Day不以s结尾的复数名词加sChildrens Day表示两人共有在最后一个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother表示各自所有在各个名词后加sLucys and
38、 Lilys roomsTips：有些表示时间的名词可以加 s 或 构成所有格形式。 Eg：todays newspaper今天的报纸，fifteen minutes drive 15分钟的车程2. of所有格: 主要用于表示无生命事物的所有关系。Eg：the name of the film电影的名字，the cover of the book书的封面3. 双重所有格:“名词 + of + 名词性物主代词/名词所有格”构成双重所有格形式。Eg：a friend of hers她的一个朋友，a friend of Mikes迈克的一个朋友趁热打铁（5）( )1. Look at the man
39、 over there. He is _ uncle. A. Jims and Tims B. Jims and Tim C. Jim and Tim D. Jim and Tims( )2. We got together in _ room to watch The Strongest Voice of China. A. Tom and Jim B. Tom and Jims C. Toms and Jims D. Toms and Jim课堂练习一、单项选择题。( )1. What are you going to do when you grow up?My _ is to become an astronaut. A. hobby B. dream C. job D. advice( )2. Look at the clouds, so beautiful!Wow, so many different_, horses, sheep, flowers A. sizes B. shapes C. colors D. styles( ) 3. There are some _ in Dayton Art Museum. For example, n
