人教版八年级下册《英语》全册知识点清单（10份打包）.zip

Unit 1 Whats the matter? 一、单元重点词法 1.should 的用法 = be supposed to 表示“应当，应该”，给对方提出建议 You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮助你妈妈做家务。 用在第一人称疑问句中，表示征求对方意见。 What should I do?我应该做什么？ Should I go?我应该离开吗？ 2.take ones temperature量体温 Her doctor says she has to rest and take medicine twice a day. 医生说她必须休息并且一天吃两次药。 Its easy for you to advise, but difficult to take advice from others. 劝告别人容易，接受劝告就很难了。 3.to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 1）写出下列句中 surprise 的词性 But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. （名词） He is surprised that they all agreed to go with him. （形容词） What they did surprised him. （动词） 2）surprised VS surprising surprisedadj.感到吃惊的I was surprised to see her in the school. surprisingadj.令人感到吃惊的But it is not surprising. 3）to ones + 情感名词 to ones delight令人欣喜的是to ones joy令人高兴的是 to ones excitement令人激动的是 4.lie 的用法 v. 撒谎eg. The child lied to his teacher about his reasons for being late. v. 躺eg. She is lying in bed with a bad cold. v. 坐落于eg. Beijing lies in the north of China. lie 的过去式 lie-lay-lain 躺lie-lied-lied 撒谎 区分：lay-laid-laid 下蛋 5.thanks to由于 Thanks to your help, we finished the work in time. 译：由于你的帮助，我们按时完成了工作。 thanks for因感谢 Thanks for your help. 译：感谢你的帮助。 6.be used to doing习惯做某事be used to do被用来 used to do过去常常 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 译：作为一个登山者，Aron 习惯冒险。 Trees can be used to make paper.译：树可以用来制作纸。 Mike used to take a walk in the morning.译：Mike 过去常常在早上散步。 7.【复习】much too/too much/ too many 辨析 much too太加强语气，后面接形容词/副词 to much 太多后面接不可数名词 to many 太多 后面接可数名词复数 8.【复习】have trouble/problems/difficulties with 有困难 She is having trouble with her teeth. 译：她牙齿疼。 have trouble/ problems/difficulties (in) doing sth. 做有困难 With the boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the village. 译：由于有那个男孩带路，我们没费多大劲就找到了村庄。 9.【复习】发生 take place 按计划发生Great changes have taken place in China. happen偶然发生A car accident happened. 10. 【复习】see/notice sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事(某个片段) see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(全过程) 11. 【复习】save v. 拯救He jumped into the river to save that drowning boy. v. 储存I was trying to save money to go to university. v. 节约We should save water in our daily life. 二、单元重点句法 1.句型：询问别人怎么了 Whats the matter? / Whats the trouble? / Whats wrong? 回答：1）I have a 部位 ache.2）I have a sore + 部位. 3）部位 +hurts.4）I have a pain in + the + 部位. 5）I feel + adj.6）Im not feeling well. 7）There is something wrong with +身体部位/物. 2.At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 一件事情进行的时候，另一件事情发生了 结构：was/were doing + when + did 我在看书的时候，一只猫从窗户跳进了房间。 I was reading a book when a cat jumped into the room from the window. 3. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without think twice. 同位语句型：The +n(名词), 年龄，v(动词) 我的母亲，一位 37 岁的美丽女士，每天为烹饪美味的晚餐。 My mother, a 37-year-old beautiful lady, cooks a good dinner for me every day.= 初二同步八下 U6 知识清单 一重点单词 1. shoot v.射击9. remind v. 提醒 10. nobody pron.没有人 11. 愚蠢的 adj. stupid 12. fit v.适合 2. hide v.隐藏的 3. 结婚 v. marry 4. weak adj.虚弱的 5. 使激动 vt. excite 6. bit n.一点；稍微 7. 欺骗 v. cheat 13. 勇敢的 adj. brave 14. western adj. 西方的 15. 全部的 adj. whole 16. shine v.发光；照耀8. lead v. 领导；带领 一重点词组 1. remind sb. of 使某人想起 2. a little bit 稍微 有点 3. instead of 代替；反而 4. turninto 把变成 5. fall in love 爱上 6. get married 结婚 7. be made of 由制成 8. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事 9. as soon as 一就 10. lead sb. to someplace 带领某人去某地 三. 单元重点词法 1. remind 的用法 remind v. 提醒，使想起 remind sb. of 使某人想起 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that 提醒某人 课文原句链接： This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们，如果你不试图使它发生，你永远都不可能知道可能发生的事情。 输出：（P53 Exercise 1 Section B 第 2 题 Exercise 2 单选 3.4.8） 2. a bit/ a bit of/ a little bit/ a little 的用法 a little bit= _a little__/____ a bit________+ adj. “稍微 有点儿” a bit of =__ a little ___+ ____不可数____名词 “少量的” 课文原句链接： Its a little bit silly. __它有点儿愚蠢__。 输出：（P53 Exercise 1 Section A 第 4 题 Section B 第 1 题 Exercise 2 单选 1.5.) 3. instead/ instead of 的用法 instead of + n/_代词/动名词/介词短语_ 代替；反而 instead_代替；反而_ 课文原句链接： What could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains? 愚公不移山，他能做什么呢？ 输出： ( P54 Exercise 3 Section A 第 1 题 ) 4. turn 短语总结 : __turninto__把变成 ___ turn on __打开 ___ turn down__调小 课文原句链接： _ turn off __关掉 __ turn up __调大 Its __your turn_ to do sth. 轮到你做某事 But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. 但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起来，他就不能把自己变成人。 输出：( P53 Exercise 1 Section A 第 10 题 Exercise 2 单选 6.7.) 5. marry 的用法 marry v. ___嫁娶__ a) __A marry B____ b)get married 结婚 c)marry A to B married adj. __已婚的___ A 与 B 结婚 A and B get married = A and B __are married__ A 和 B 结婚 _把 A 嫁给 B__ 课文原句链接： The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married. 这对新婚夫妻如此开心，以至于他们结婚的时候都忍不住地微笑。 输出： ( P53 Exercise 1 Section A 第 6 题 Section B 第 5 题 ) 6. think 短语总结: think about 考虑，思考 think of 想起 think over 仔细思考 课文原句链接： As soon as he sees bad people, he thinks of ways to fight them. 他一看到坏人，就会想各种方式去与他们斗争。 7. be made of be made of _由制成_(从制成品中可以看出原材料) be made from _由制成__(从制成品中不可以看出原材料) be made in +地点_在哪里制成__ be made into 把制成 课文原句链接： be made by 由制造 be made up of 由组成/构成 Its leading us to that wonderful house made of bread. 它带领我们走向由面包制成的美好的房子里。 8. work on 从事工作 work on doing sth. _致力于做某事__work out 解决；成功地发展 work as _作为工作__work for __为工作___ 9. fit v. __适合____ adj. 舒适的；健康的 keep fit. 保持健康！ 课文原句链接： The prince knew that unless the girls foot __fit___ the shoe, it was not the right girl. 10. lead v.引导 leader n. _领导者___ lead sb. to someplace _带领某人去某地___ lead to__导致____ 四单元重点句型 1. as soon as “一就” as soon as 引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作__同时___发生。 当主句用_一般将来时_的时态时，从句要用__一般现在时__; 课文原句链接： _As soon as_the man finished talking, Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. 这个人一说完， 愚公就说他死后，他的子子孙孙还可以继续移山。 输出：( P54 Exercise 3 Section B 第 2.5 题; P58 Exercise 2 第 1 题 P58 Exercise 3 第 2.8 题 ) 2. unless __如果不，除非__，引导条件状语从句。unless= __ifnot__ 课文原句链接： But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot make himself a human. 但是除非他藏起自己的尾巴，否则他不能把自己变成一个人。 输出：(P58 Exercise 1 第 3 题 Exercise 3 第 4 题 ) 3. sothat/ suchthat 如此以至于 so+ __adj.____/___adv.___ + that such+a/an+adj+___单数可数名词____+ that such+adj+复数可数名词/不可数名词+ that 从句 注意：遇到两多两少 much/many/few/little 只能用 sothat 其他表达方式： so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that 从句= such+a/an+adj+单数可数名词+ that（老师自 己选择是否要讲） 注意：遇到两多两少 much/many/few/little 时；只能用 sothat 课文原句链接： Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. 有时候他能把棍子变得如此小以至于他可以把它保存在耳朵里。 输出：( P54 Exercise 3 Section A 第 4 题; Section B 第 1 题; P57 例题三；P58 Exercise 1 第 2. 4 题；Exercise 2 第 2.3 题; Exercise 3 第 6.7 题) 4. 表示询问某人观点/看法的句型 What do you _ think of _ ？What do you __ think about__ ? How do you __like___ ? 课文原句链接： So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? 所以你觉得愚公故事的怎么样初二U10知识清单 一、重点单词 1. memory 3. clear n.记忆2.board 4.own n. 木板 v. 清理；清除 v.分开；离开 adv.仅仅，只 adj.在.之间 v.把.当做；视为 n.世纪 v.拥有 5. part6.certainadj.某种的，某事 7. simply 9. among 11. regard 13. century 8. nowadays adv.现今，如今 10.shame 12. count n.羞耻，惭愧 v. 数数 14. oppositeadj. 相反的 15. especially adv. 尤其，格外16. childhood n. 童年 17. consider 19. maker 输出： v. 注视，仔细考虑 n. 制造者 18. holdv. 拥有；抓住 adj. 地位低下的20. junior 二、重点短语 1. for a while 一会儿 3. according to 根据 5. regard as 把视为；看待 7. part with 放弃；交出 9. no longer 不再 2. to be honest 说实在的；实话说 4. search for 搜寻；寻找 6.close to 几乎；接近 8. clear out 清理；丢掉 10. as for 至于 输出： 三、重点词法 1. consider v. 考虑 consider doing 考虑做某事 consider.to be 认为.是. consider .as 看成 consider that 认为 e.g. He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他从没考虑过如何解决这个问题。 e.g. Do you consider that we can finish the project ahead of time? 你认为我们能提前完成这个项目吗? 2. search vt. 搜查 search for+目标 search sth. for+目标 research n. 研究 课文原文链接： Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. 现今，很多中国人离开农村去城市里找工作。 3. check 的词组 check out 观察；登记退房 check in 登记入住 check over 检查 课文原文链接： And check out these soft and board games for younger kids. 并且为更小的孩子们检查这些软体棋类游戏。 四、重点句型 1. no longer 句型 VS anymore 句型 no longer 意思是：不再，通常放在行为动词前面，be 动词的后面。No longer 可用 notany longer 代替。 No more/not any more 与 no longer/notany longer 同意义，但用法有所 区别，当涉及数量和程度时，要用 no more/notany more. e.g. 他的父亲过世后，她就不再去学校了。 After her father died, she no longer went to school. =After her father died, she didnt go to school any longer. e.g. 没有面包了。 There is no more bread. 输出： 五、重点语法-现在完成时 1. 用法：动作从过去一直持续到现在 e.g. I have worked in this college since I came here. 2. 时间副词 for 和 since for+时间段 since+时间点/时态为一般过去时的句子 eg: -How long have you had this bike?你买这辆自行车多久了？ -I have had this bike for 3 years.= I ve had this bike since 3 years ago.我买 了 3 年了。 3. 与一段时间连用，非延续性动词需要转变成延续性动词。 a. 转化为相应的延续性动词: borrow-keep put on wear buy have get to know know catch a cold have a cold get to sleep sleep b. 转化为 be +形容词/副词/介词/名词: begin/start be on die be dead go out be outget to /arrive/ reach be (in) close-be closedopen be open finish be over become be leave be away(from) get up be up fall in be in fall sleep be asleep go to school be in schoolmake friends be friends marry-be married join be in/be a member ofget married to-be married to eg: She left her hometown five years ago. =She has been away from her hometown for five years.阿 U2 知识清单 Section A 1.动介短语： help out clean up cheer up give away 帮助fix up修理 打扫call up give out put up 给.打电话 分发鼓励；使振作 赠送张贴 v以上短语需注意：当宾语为代词时，放在动词和介词之间。 当宾语为名词时，放在动介短语之后。 care for照顾 提出 建立 run out of run out 用尽 come up with set up 被用尽 v以上短语需注意: 宾语始终放在动介短语之后 他看上去很难过，我们让他高兴起来吧。 He looks sad. Lets cheer him up. 上课前你能把它打扫干净吗？ Can you clean it up before class? 这个富翁捐献了他所有的钱。 The rich man gave away all his money. 2.表示建议的情态动词： could/should/can 你可以/应该乘坐公交去海边。 You can take a bus to the sea. You should take a bus to the sea. You can take a bus to the sea. 3.give 短语的区分 give up(放弃)/give away(赠送)/give out(分发) The teacher is giving out paper at the beginning of the exam. I took a look at the paper. Its so difficult, I wanted to give up. Maybe I can give away some money to the teacher so that she will let me pass. 4.用尽 Sth. run out 某物被用完了 Sb. run out of sth. 某人把某物用完了 We ran out of milk./ The milk ran out. Section B 1.不定式”to do” 不定式表目的: 我们早上五点出发，为了准时到哪里。 We set out at five in the morning to get there on time. 我们为他唱歌，为了鼓励他。 We sing songs for him to cheer him up. 特殊疑问词+to do I want to learn more about how I should care for animals. I want to learn more about how to care for animals. I wonder who I can talk to. I wonder who to talk to. 动词+to do wanttryrefuse， remember， agree decide hope forget need * 暗恋口诀* 想要 尝试 遭 拒绝 want , try, refuse 决定 忘记 常 记起 decide, forget, remember 希望 需要 TA 同意 hope, need, agree 2.”up”相关短语： 积极向”上” cheer up set up 鼓励 建立 stay up put up 熬夜 张贴 si“光”政策 use up用尽 吃光 take up give up 占用 放弃eat up 3.“away”相关短语： put away take away give away 收起 拿走 捐赠 stay away far away go away 远离 距离.远 离开八下 Unit5 知识清单 1. on ones way to 在某人去的路上 in a way 在某种程度上 in the way 挡道 in this way 用这种方式 by the way 顺便提一下 2. go off go over 发出响声 复习 go away 离开 go by 流逝 go through 穿过 3. pick up 接电话；捡起； 开车接某人 look up 查阅 put up 张贴 wake up 醒来 grow up 成长 get up起来 4. 过去进行时: 定义：过去的时间点正在发生的动作或事情。 结构：主+ was/were doing +过去的时间点. 时间标志词：at that time; at this time yesterday; at+时间点+过去的时间 段 用括号内动词的适当形式填空： They were eating (eat) at 8pm last Tuesday. 上周二晚上 8 点他们在吃饭。 They were reading (read) when the light went out. 灯灭的时候他们在看书。 5.过去进行时句型 句型一：主+was/were doing+ at + +过去的时刻. e. g. -What were you doing at 6pm yesterday? 你昨晚 6 点在干嘛？ - I was doing my homework. 我在写作业。 e. g. The girl was doing her homework at the time of the rainstorm. 译：暴风雪来临的时候，这个女孩正在写作业。 句型二：主+主+was were doing+when+主+did sth. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空： The girl doing (do)her homework when the rainstorm came (come). The cats were eating (eat) breakfast when the man made (make) a fire. 这个男人生火的时候猫正在吃早饭。 句型三：While+主+ was/were doing, 主+did sth. While John was taking photos, Mary bought a drink. John 拍照的时候，Mary 买了一杯喝的。 句型四：主+was/were doing.+while+主+was/were doing.（强调 2 个动作同时进行） While the man was taking photos, the other man was watching. 译：当这个男人正在拍照的时候，另一个男人正看着他。U3知识清单 1. 句型 can/could 用于提问，表请求 肯定回答：Yes, sb. can. 否定回答：No, sb. cant. （Can/Could 表请求时，回答不能用 could） 例题： Could you look after my pet dog for me while I am away? _______. ANo, thanksBYes, I couldCWith pleasureDI am sure you will can/could 用于提问，表能力 could 表示过去的能力 例句：Could you swim last year? 2. 名词 VS 动词 Yes, I could./ No, I couldnt. surprise 名词 惊喜 “What happened?” my mother asked in surprise. 动词 _使吃惊__ 例子：I surprised my mother. walk名词 _散步__ Could you take the dog for a walk? 动词 _走路__ 例子：I walk to school every day. 名词 _节目__ Could I watch one show first?show work watch 动词 _展示__ 名词 _工作__ 例子： I will show you the way to school. 例子： Teaching you English is my work. 动词 _工作__ I cant work all day. 名词 _手表__例子：I bought a new watch. 动词 _看_____ You watch TV all the time. 3. take 词组 take away带走take photos/pictures照相 take care当心，保重 take place发生 take off飞机起飞，脱掉衣服 take a look/take a walk看一看，散步 take down记下take turns轮流，按顺序 take care of 照顾take part in参加 take after 长得像 4. 有关时间的词组各种 time all the time=always 一直，总是 from time to time 有时 for the first time 第一次 have a good time 玩的开心 on time 准时，按时 all times=sometimes 有时 once upon a time 从前 all the same time 同时 in time 及时 in no time 立刻，马上 5. 时间状语从句连接词造句 As soon as一就 While当时 6. in order to +do为了（放句首） In order that+句子 so that+句子 7. 四个“花费” spend 可表示“花时间”也可表示“花钱” Sb. spends/spent some money/time on sth. Sb. spends/spent some money/time (in) doing sth. take 表示“花时间”, 主语多为 it 或物 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. Sth. takes/took sb. some time pay 常用语表示“花钱”, 主语多是人 Sb. pays/paid some money for sth. cost 常用语表示“花钱”, 主语多是事或物 Sth. costs/cost sb. +钱数 8. either， neither， both 1. both 两者都 谓语动词复数 2. either 两者中任一都 谓语动词单数 3. neither 两者中任一都不 谓语动词单数 （选讲）就近原则： Neither norEitheror 例句：Neither he nor you ___are___ right. Either you or he ___is___ mistaken. 9. 复习词组 do the chores/dishes/laundry做杂物/洗餐具/洗衣服 sweep the floor清扫地板 take out the trash/rubbish倒垃圾 fold ones clothes叠衣服 10. 写作素材句型积累： make ones bed铺床 take the dog for a walk遛狗 I think it is + adj. +for sb. + to do sth. 我认为对某人而言，做某事是.的。 练习：我认为对学生而言，学会做家务/杂物是很重要的。 I think it is important for students to learn how to do chores/housework.初二同步八下 U4 知识清单 一. 单元重点词法 1. allow v.允许 1)allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 2)be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事 2. instead 反而” ；放在句首或句尾。 2）instead of介词短语 “代替.;而不是.”；放在句中。 3.mind v.介意 1)mind doing介意做某事 2)mind sb./sbs doing sth. 3)mind if sb. do sth. 介意某人做某事(人称用宾格或形容词性的物主代词) 如果.，我介意 4. offer v.主动提出 1)offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 2)offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物 5. compete v.竞争;对抗 1)compete with 2)compete for 与.竞争 (+竞争者) 为了.而竞争(+目的) 竞争3)competition n. 6. cut 短语 1)cut out 删去2)cut off 切断 7. continue v.继续 1)continue to do sth. 2)continue doing sth. 继续去做另一件事 继续做同一件事 8. compare v.比较 1)compare . with .把和进行比较 .把比作 与.相比 2)compare . to 3)compared with 9. find v.发现 1)find sb. doing sth. 2)find sb. do sth. 发现某人正在做某事 发现某人做了某事 10. cause v.引起，导致 1)cause sb. to do sth. 2)cause sth. (to/for sb.) 3)cause n. .的原因/起因 促使某人做某事 (给某人)带来. the cause of. 的原因 11. look 短语 1)look through仔细检查 2)look up 3)look out 4)look like 抬头看，查阅 小心 看起来像 二.单元重点句型 语法点 1: 表建议的句型: Why dont you do.? Why not do.? What/How about doing.? Lets do.?