1、并列句，感叹句，并列句，感叹句， 祈使句，反义疑问句祈使句，反义疑问句 (一一) 基本概念及构成基本概念及构成: 两个或两个以上的简单句用两个或两个以上的简单句用and, but, or, so等等并列连词并列连词连在一起构成的句子连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句叫做并列句,其基本结构是其基本结构是 “简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句”简单句”。 如如: I like action movies but I dont like thrillers. Hurry up，or youll be late. 一一、并列句并列句 (二二)连词用法连词用法: 1、表、表并列关系并列关系的连词有的连词
2、有and，both.and两者都两者都, as well as还有还有, not only.but (also)不但不但而且而且, neither.nor既不既不也不也不等。等。 如：如：Work hard, and youll pass the exam. She not only sings but also dances. 2、表、表转折关系转折关系的有的有but, however然而，然而，while然而，然而，yet然而等。然而等。 如：如：The film is not perfect, however, its good. 3、表、表选择关系选择关系的有的有or, either.
3、or.或者或者或者或者, not.but.不是不是 而是而是等。等。 如：如：Hurry up, or youll be late. 4、表、表因果关系因果关系的有的有for because, as（因为因为）, so（所以）（所以）. 如：如：Id better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain. The manager was ill so she didnt go to work. (三三)特殊的并列句特殊的并列句 1. 祈使句祈使句 + and +一般将来时的一般将来时的 句子句子 如：如：Work hard, and youll pa
4、ss the exam. 2. 祈使句祈使句 + or + 一般将来时的一般将来时的 句子句子 如：如：Hurry up, or youll be late. 二、感叹句二、感叹句 Exclamations 感叹句：用来表达喜.怒.哀.乐等强烈感情的句子。 感叹句句末用感叹号。朗读时用降调。 感叹句句首常用what或how。 what感叹名词; how感叹形容词或副词。 感感 叹叹 句句 的的 定定 义义 1 What whatwhat感叹句的结构感叹句的结构 2 a/an+ 形容词形容词 单数名词单数名词 ( 主 谓主 谓 ) ！ What 形容词形容词 复数名词复数名词/不可数名词不可数名
5、词 (主谓主谓)! What a heavy box it is ! What an interested man Jack is ! What boring stories these are ! What sunny weather it is ! + + + + + + + 主语：主语： 代词代词 howhow感叹句的结构感叹句的结构 3 How 形容词形容词/副词副词 (主主 谓谓)! How heavy this box is ! How heavily it rains ! + + How clever a boy he is! How 形容词形容词 + a/an+ + 单数名词单
6、数名词 (主主 谓谓)! + + How time flies! 时间过得真快呀时间过得真快呀！ How + + 主语主语 谓语！谓语！ 主语：主语：限定限定 词词+名词名词 注意：注意： 感叹句除了上述的感叹句除了上述的what, how引导之外，也引导之外，也 可以可以 用单词、短语或句子加感叹号构成。用单词、短语或句子加感叹号构成。 e.g. Wonderful！精彩！精彩！ Good luck！祝你好运！祝你好运！ The book is so interesting！这本书真有趣！这本书真有趣！ 感叹句练习感叹句练习 1.bad news it is! We cant play ba
7、seball now. A.What B. How C.What a D.How a 2._ happily they play basketball! A. How a B. What C. What a D. How 3._ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 4. The fish is very lovely.(同义句转换同义句转换) _ _ the fish is! 5. They live a happy life today.(同义句转换同义句转换) _ _ _ life the
8、y live! What a happy How lovely . .把下列各句改成感叹句把下列各句改成感叹句( (注意分析句子的结构注意分析句子的结构）. . 1.They are very beautiful flowers. _ _ _they are! _ _ _ flowers are! 2.The woman is very kind(善良的善良的）. _ _ the woman is! _ _ kind woman! 3.They had a good idea. _ _ _ idea they had! 4. He listened to his teacher careful
9、ly. (该为感叹句该为感叹句) _ _ he listened to his teacher! 1._ clever the young man is! A.Who B.When C.What D.How 2._ fresh air it is in this village! A.How B.What C.When D.Which 3._ the workers are working now! A.How hard B.How hardly C.What hard D.What a hard 感叹感叹句句 由由what 引导的引导的 感叹句感叹句 What a/anadj.可数名词单数可
10、数名词单数 主语谓语（单）！主语谓语（单）！ Whatadj.可数名词的复数可数名词的复数 主语谓语（复）！主语谓语（复）！ Whatadj.不可数名词主语不可数名词主语 谓语（单）！谓语（单）！ 由由how 引导的引导的 感叹句感叹句 How adj./adv.主语谓语！主语谓语！ Howadj.a/an可数名词单数可数名词单数 主语谓语（单）！主语谓语（单）！ How主语谓语！主语谓语！ Summary: 1.反义疑问句的基本构成形式是：反义疑问句的基本构成形式是： 陈述句陈述句+“+“，”+”+系动词系动词/ /助动词助动词/ /情态动词情态动词+ +主语主语+“+“？”？” 2.一般遵
11、循的原则是“一般遵循的原则是“前肯后否前肯后否，前否后肯前否后肯” 反义疑问句反义疑问句 Eg: 1. Tom is good at English, isnt he? 2. Mike likes playing basketball, doesnt he? 反意疑问句特殊情况反意疑问句特殊情况 1. 陈述句中有陈述句中有little,few,no ,never, nothing, nobody, hardly, seldom等等否定词否定词时，疑问部分用时，疑问部分用肯定肯定形式形式 Eg: There is little water in the bottle, _? 2.陈述部分含有陈述
12、部分含有否定前否定前、后缀后缀构成的词时构成的词时，仍按仍按 肯定句肯定句对待对待，疑问部分用否定：疑问部分用否定： Tom is unhappy today, isnt he? She is careless , isnt she? 3.陈述部分是陈述部分是 I am 时，后面用时，后面用 arent I. Eg: I am a student, arent I? 4. there be 句型时句型时，疑问部分的主语用疑问部分的主语用there, There are some books on the table, arent there? 5.陈述部分的主语为陈述部分的主语为不定式不定式、
13、动名词动名词、或从句或从句时时，疑问疑问 部分的主语用部分的主语用 it . Reading in bed is bad for your eyes, isnt it? 6.省略的感叹句的反意疑问句省略的感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用一律使用否定形式否定形式，并用并用be 的一般现的一般现 在时在时。 What a clever boy， isnt he? What beautiful girls, arent they? 7.当陈述部分的主语为当陈述部分的主语为everybody nobody somebody anybody everyone 等指代人的不定代词时，疑问部分的主语等指代人的不定
14、代词时，疑问部分的主语 用用he 或者或者 they. 当陈述部分的主语为当陈述部分的主语为everything sth nothing anything等不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用等不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用 it Everyone is in the classroom, arent they? Everything begins to grow in spring, doesnt it? Nobody will go, will they? 8.陈述部分若为陈述部分若为主从复合句主从复合句，疑问部分须与疑问部分须与主句主句保持一致保持一致。 She said he would com
15、e tomorrow, didnt she? He says his mother didnt feel well, doesnt he? 9.当陈述部分是当陈述部分是 I think I believe I guess 等主句后跟等主句后跟that 从句从句 时时(主句的主语必须是主句的主语必须是I), 疑问部分应和从句保持一致疑问部分应和从句保持一致,并且要注并且要注 意意否定的转移：否定的转移： I think chickens can swim, cant they? I think Lucy is a good girl, isnt she? I didnt think he was
16、 happy, was he? I believe he will pass the exam,_? I dont think he will pass the exam, _? wont he? will he? 10. 肯定祈使句时，疑问部分用肯定祈使句时，疑问部分用will you 或者或者 wont you. 1） Close the door, will you / wont you?肯定祈使句时，疑问肯定祈使句时，疑问 部分用部分用will you 或者或者 wont you. 2）否定祈使句时，只用）否定祈使句时，只用will you. Dont turn on the radi
17、o,_? 3）以）以lets 开头的祈使句用开头的祈使句用shall we. Lets go out for a walk, _? 4）以）以let us 开头的祈使句用开头的祈使句用 will you. Let us go our for a walk, _? 1. Mr. Read is interested in talk show, _? A. is he B. isnt he C. isnt Mr. Read D. doesnt he 2. The children have never seen a plane, _? A. have they B. dont they C. ha
18、vent they D. do they 3. I dont believe he stole your watch, _? A. do I B. dont I C. didnt he D. did he 4. Hes given an important report on the science, _? A. isnt he B. has he C. hasnt he D. is he 5. There isnt a beautiful clock on the wall, _? 6. Wei Fang doesnt know Russian, does she? _, she has n
19、ot learned Russian. A. No, she doesnt B. Yes, she doesnt C. Yes, she does D. No, she does BADC is there A Exercise 21 四、祈使句四、祈使句 主语是主语是 “youyou”，通常省略通常省略。句末用感叹号句末用感叹号 或句号或句号，读的时候用降调读的时候用降调。 定义：定义：表示请求表示请求、命令命令、警告警告、建议等句建议等句 子子。以祈使句中以祈使句中，一般以动词原形开头一般以动词原形开头。 22 1.肯定形式（动词原形开头）肯定形式（动词原形开头） 1）be型型(Be+表语
20、表语+其他其他 ) eg. Be quiet! Be careful! Dont run so fast. 2）do型型（实义动词原型实义动词原型+宾语宾语+其他其他） eg. Come in, please Please open your books！ 3）let型型（Let+宾语宾语+动词原形动词原形+其他其他） eg. Let him do it by himself. Let me help you. Lets go to the park. 23 2.否定形式否定形式（一般在动词上否定，也可以用否定副词来表示）（一般在动词上否定，也可以用否定副词来表示） 1）be型（型（Dont
21、be +表语）表语） eg. Dont be sad! Never be late again next time! 2）do型型（Dont +动词原形动词原形+其他其他） eg. Dont believe him! He is a liar. Dont worry! Everything will be OK. Never do it again! 3.特殊形式的祈使句特殊形式的祈使句 1 1）无动词祈使句常常用于一些表示禁止的标语牌上。）无动词祈使句常常用于一些表示禁止的标语牌上。 eg. No parking! No smoking! 2）加强语气的祈使句：加强语气的祈使句：Do+动词原
22、形动词原形 eg. Do write to me soon. 一定要快点给我写信啊一定要快点给我写信啊。 Do let me do it by myself. 请一定让我自己处理请一定让我自己处理。 4.4.祈使句的反意疑问句（前面已讲）祈使句的反意疑问句（前面已讲） aLets表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“Shall we?” 如：如：Lets go for a walk，shall we? Lets forget it，shall we? b其它形式都用其它形式都用will you? 如：如：Pass me the book，will you? L
23、et us go for a walk，will you? Dont tell anyone about it，will you? 1._beautiful day it is! Lets go and have a picnic in the park. -Good idea! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 2.Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition. -_pleasant surprise this gave her classmates! A. What B. How C. Wh
24、at a D. How a 3. _ great man Huang Furong is! He lost his life while saving the students in the Yushu earthquake. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 4. _exciting sport it is to climb the mountains! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 达标题达标题 中考真题（一）中考真题（一） 5._wide the streets are! A. What B. How C. Wh
25、at a 6. _happily the children are flying kites! AWhat BWhat a CHow DHow a 7._ hard work you have done! -Its very kind of you to say so. A.What B. How C. What a D. How a 8. -Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderful? Yes. _ wonderful film it is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 9._ meeting it is! A.
26、 What a important B. What important C. How an important D. What an important 1. Please _ do it. A. he B. let him C. let he D. him 2. _ let anyone open the door. A. Dont B. Will C. Not D. No 3. Dont be late again. Sorry, _. A. I may B. I must C. I will D. I wont 4. Call me when you get home. OK, _. A
27、. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may 祈使句操练场祈使句操练场（二二） and or so but because though yet 1. Open the door_ let the cool air in. 2. There are few new words in the article, _we couldnt understand it. 3. I like beef, _my father doesnt like it. 4. We finished the homework quickly _ it was very easy. 5. Be
28、 more careful, _ youll have an accident. 6. Its raining very hard, _ wed better stay here. 7. Claire wanted to buy a car, _ he didnt have enough money. 8. Hes always very careful, _ he never makes any mistakes. 9. Take a raincoat with you, _ youll get wet. 10. He kept on working outside, _ it was co
29、lder and colder. 11. The soldiers were wounded,_he pushed on. 并列句操练场并列句操练场( (三三) ) 从方框中所给的并列词中，选出正确的一个，完成句子。从方框中所给的并列词中，选出正确的一个，完成句子。 One day, on the way home from school, my mom told me she was going to make up some new _1._ for me and my brothers and sisters. Before this, we knew she wanted us to
30、be good,2._ we really didnt have any rules. Well, Mom took care of that. On Sunday, she started giving3._ the “house rules”. Clean your rooms every other day. Be4._ for dinner at 7:00 p.m. (that means sitting at the table, with clean hands ). If Mom is having a meeting in the house, be very 5._(that
31、 means turn down the music and the TV). Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m.(that means your6._ are on the floor, not just hanging off the bed). Take the garbage cans (垃圾桶垃圾桶) to the curb on Monday morning7._ school. Clean the bathroom on Thursday. Following these rules is not too hard, and sometimes its e
32、ven fun. Other times, it can be tough. For instance, 8._ your room is really dirty, and you cant finish cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, along with anything else you have to do. That can be hard. Mom mad these rules because she loves us a lot. She wants us a lot. She wants us to learn how to be9._ time, be clean and neat, and be polite. Every day, we try to follow her rules. on if foot us quiet but rule ready before with me 综合填空综合填空（选作）（选作）
