1、Unit 4 Section 请同学们认真完成 练案 13 一、语言基础训练 单词拼写 1 Scientists say the surface of the Earth is cracked (破裂) like a _giant_(巨大的) eggshell. 2We _desire_(期望) that immediate help be given to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood. 3We are _determined_(有决心的) to get the work done before New Year
2、s Day. 4Every time I catch sight of myself in the mirror, I feel so _disappointed_(沮丧的) 5Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel _agency_(代理处) at the end of next month. 6The countries are _independent_(独立的) and are governed in different ways. 7Early astronomers thought that our planet
3、was the centre of the _universe_(宇宙) 8The railway _signal_(信号)was on red, so the train stopped. 9The _frontier_(国界) is so well guarded that no one can get across. 10In thirty years from now the United States should have a manned _spacecraft_(宇宙飞 船) on Mars. 单句语法填空 1As a student in senior high school
4、, the most important task is to study hard, which _determines_ (determine) our future. 2They didnt take the activity seriously.It was not well organised, which made us very _disappointed_(disappoint) 3Your parents always try their best to satisfy all your _desires_(desire) 4After that, I got used to
5、 correct my own homework and became more _independent_ (independence) 5It took them an entire day to go _through_ the forest. 6I often look _up_ the new words in the dictionary. 7Its difficult to carry _on_ the discussion with all this noise around us. 8We looked through many books _in_ the hope of
6、getting further information. 9He turned off the light so as _to fall_(fall) asleep quickly. 10Not only Tom but also I _am_(be) fond of swimming. 选词填空 succeed in，on board，find out，look up at，believe in，in the hope of，go wrong，carry on 1There can be no doubt that you will _succeed in_ your scientific
7、research. 2They need to interview some people and _find out_ if they like their jobs. 3Later we learnt that there was a very important person _on board_. 4You _look up at_ the sky and if its clear, it is a good day and youre happy. 5Some of his supporters have stopped _believing in_ him. 6When thing
8、s _go wrong_ at work, our health can suffer. 7Her bravery has given him the will to _carry on_ with his life and his work. 8They moved to Li ge _in the hope of_ getting better treatment. 二、培优提升训练 阅读理解 Some new comets (彗星) have been discovered accidentally by amateur (业余的) astronomers. Surprisingly a
9、 few bright comets have been discovered with the naked eye (肉眼) by members of the general public.However, a great number of comets are found by comet hunters carrying out telescope searches of chosen areas of the night sky. As the movement of all comets is directed around the Sun and because these b
10、odies brighten as they move towards the Sun, there is a greater possibility for the discovery of a new comet in the skies towards the Sun rather than away from the Suns direction.This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light
11、. From the astronomical point there is no time during the year which is the best for the discovery of new comets.A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon. Studies done on the discovery conditions of comets discovered before show that more comets have been discovered in the
12、morning sky than in the evening sky.Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening effort. In recent times, the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the Earth will in the future greatly reduce the chan
13、ces of new comets being found with small telescopes.An example of the new technology is the very successful LINEAR program operating in New Mexico.However, until a similar system is based in the southern half of the Earth there will continue to be chances for the discovery of new comets which come f
14、rom the south. 文章大意：本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。 1What are comet hunters advised to do？_D_ ALook away from the Sun. BStay where theres bright light. CFace the western sky in the daytime. DTurn to the east in the early morning. 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“This means that searches should be put on the western sky after e
15、vening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.”可知，早晨太阳出来之前应 观测东面的天空。故选 D。 2What do we know about the time for the discovery of new comets？_C_ ADays when theyre close to the Earth are great chances. BCertain fixed days are best for watching comets. CEvery day is the same if theres no brigh
16、t Moon. DDays with the Moon should never be missed. 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.”可知，只要没有月亮，每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。故选 C。 3Which of the following is a smart idea for comet hunters？_B_ APaying more attention in the morning than in the afternoon. BBeing
17、equally serious both in the morning and afternoon. CBeing more relaxed in the morning than in the afternoon. DForming a habit of working only in the morning. 解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening eff
18、ort.”可知，早晚观测 彗星应该投入一样的精力。故选 B。 4What can be inferred about the CCD technology？_B_ AIts similar to a telescope. BItll disappoint comet hunters. CIts spreading all over the world. DItll make comet hunters feel lucky. 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“the use of advanced CCD technology.greatly reduce the chances of new
19、 comets being found with small telescopes”可知， 这种技术降低了追星猎人发 现新的彗星的概率，因此他们应该会感到有些失望。故选 B。 七选五 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余 选项。 How to change the world You want to change the world, but you arent sure where to start.First, remember that changing the world can mean so many different things.
20、Understand whats wrong. _1.A_ The world is such a big place, so you wont be able to change much if you dont understand whats going on out there.Try to learn about what is happening both home and abroad. Know that change doesnt come overnight. _2.G_ Try to live your values each day, even if you dont
21、see much change on a day-to-day level.Work hard and dont give up. Start small. Find ways to make a difference every day.It may feel as though you are just one tiny part of a huge system.At first, you almost certainly will be.Be patient. _3.C_ Try to put your activism into practice and make it a real
22、ity. _4.B_ Write letters to newspapers；post an article, video, or idea on the Internet；wear a special T-shirt.If you think that it is important and worthy of attention, try to raise awareness (意识) by telling as many people as you can. Consider a career (事业) Think about which sort of job might put yo
23、u in the best position to change the world._5.E_ There are a lot of ways to get paid for adding value to the world.Start researching to find jobs in fields that feel valuable. ARead the news. BSpread the word. CAll things begin small DRemember that you dont need to do it alone. EYou could be teacher
24、, a reporter, or something else. FThere are other, less public ways to show your support! GDont expect to change the world with one big heroic act. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了改变世界的几种方法。 解析： 1由该段小标题 Understand whats wrong 和本段中的“Try to learn about what is happening both home and abroad.”可知，要改变世界，首先得多看新闻，了解目
25、前国内外的形 势，哪些问题需要改进，故选 A 项。 2由该段小标题 Know that change doesnt come overnight 和本段中的“Try to live your values each day”可知，任何改变都不是一夜之间就发生的，所以不要想着通过一次英勇的行 为就改变世界，故选 G 项。 3由该段小标题 Start small 可知，要从点滴做起，C 项内容符合此处语境。 4由该段中的“Write letters to newspapers.wear a special T-shirt”等信息可知，要让大 家知道你的想法，故用 B 项作为小标题最恰当。 5由该段
26、小标题 Consider a career 和本段中的“Think about which sort of job.to change the world.”可知，这里谈论职业的选择，故选 E 项。 语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2020 新课标卷) China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器)the name was inspired by an an
27、cient Chinese moon goddess _1.touched_ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is _2.extremely_ (extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a s
28、pot _3.where_ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular _4.interest_ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so _5.than_ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4
29、 _6.to find_ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it _7.means_ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _8.is constructed_ (construct)” Data about the moons co
30、mposition, such as how _9.much_ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _10.its_ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主 要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。 解析： 1考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮 女神上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语
31、last week 可知应 使用一般过去时，故填 touched。 2考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词 challenging， 应使用 extreme 的副词形式，故填 extremely。 3考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人 造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先 行词是 a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用 where 引导。故填 where。 4考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前形容词 particular 可知， 空处应填名词，inter
32、est 是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故 填 interest。 5考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级 more so 可知，此处填介词 than，表示“比更”。故填 than。 6考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南 极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填 to find。 7考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家 Carle Pieters 说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This
33、 really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是 it，所以空处谓语动词使用第 三人称单数形式 means，故填 means。 8考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词， 谓语 construct 与主语 the moon 之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应 使用一般现在时，主语 the moon 是单数，故填 is constructed。 9考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮 助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice 是不可数名词，应使用 much 修饰，故填 much。 10考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词 plans 可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词 its，故填 its。
