1、第二篇语法精点,专题8 系动词和情态动词,专题8 系动词和情态动词,考点直击 ,【考纲解读】,专题8 系动词和情态动词,(1)系动词不能单独使用，后面必须跟表语。(2)情态动词须和动词原形连用构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。常见考点如下：,专题8 系动词和情态动词,1系动词的用法,系动词后常跟形容词作表语。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,专题8 系动词和情态动词,专题8 系动词和情态动词,【典例1】 Oh, I'm hungry, Mom. Can I have the hamburger on the plate?You'd better not. It tastes _Aterr
2、ible Bterribly Cgood Dwell 解析 Ataste是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，排除B、D。根据否定词not，可排除C。故选A。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,【典例2】 Where would you like to spend your holiday? At home. I _ good when I stay with my family. Asmell Bfeel Ctaste Dsound 答案 B,专题8 系动词和情态动词,2情态动词的分类及用法,(1)表示“能，会”的情态动词：can, could, be abl
3、e to, can只能现在和过去两种时态；could表示过去的能力或表示语气很委婉。be able to与can 同义，但前者有不同的形式，可用于多种时态。 (2)表示“可能性”的情态动词：can, could，may, might, must,专题8 系动词和情态动词,must表示可能性很大的推测；could, may, might表示不太肯定的推测，might的可能性小；can用来表示推测时，只能用于否定句和疑问句中，表示某事肯定不真实。 如：He must be at home now.他现在必定在家。She might be from Guilin, but I'm not s
4、ure.她可能来自桂林，但我不确定。He can't be in the office, for the light is out.他不可能在办公室里，因为灯熄了。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,(3)表示“意愿”的情态动词：shall, will, would shall, will, would作情态动词时，多用于疑问句中。shall常用于第一人称，表示提出或征求意见；will, would用于第二三人称，表示请求或建议，would比will语气更委婉。如：Will you send this letter for me, please? 请你替我把这封信寄出去好吗？Would you
5、 like a cup of coffee?你想要一杯咖啡吗？Where shall I meet you？我们将在哪里见面？,专题8 系动词和情态动词,(4)表示“责任，义务，需要”的情态动词：must, have to, should, needmust, have to都有“必须”之意，must多强调主观原因，have to强调客观原因，表示“不得不”。 mustn't表示“禁止”，尤其要注意的是“Must I？”的否定答语为“No, you needn't.”或“No, you don't have to.”。should表示义务、责任，意为“应该”。,专题8
6、系动词和情态动词,need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句、疑问句中。需要注意的是，“Need I？”的肯定回答为“Yes, you must.”。如：Mom, must I finish all the homework today？妈妈，今天我必须完成所有的作业吗？Yes, you must.是的，你必须(今天完成)。No, you needn't/don't have to.不，你不必(今天完成)。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,【典例3】 Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting? I'm
7、 not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He _ know. Acan Bmay Cneed Dshall答案 B,专题8 系动词和情态动词,【典例4】 To everyone's surprise, Tom _ play chess very well when he was only four. Amight Bshould Cwould Dcould 解析 D句意：使大家吃惊的是，汤姆4岁的时候就会下国际象棋了。could为can的过去式，表示“能，会”。故选D。,专题8 系动词和情态动词
8、,考点过关,()1. I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours?Yes, you _ .Acan BmustCcould Dshould,A,could引导一般疑问句，表示委婉的请求，而对其进行肯定回答时通常用can。故选A。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()2. Mom, what are you cooking? It _ so sweet.Atastes BfeelsCsounds Dsmells()3. You _ drive your car so fast. It's
9、very dangerous.Awouldn't Bshouldn'tCcouldn't Dmightn't,D,B,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()4.Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?Oh, that _ good.Afeels BlooksCtastes Dsounds,D,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()5. Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.It _ be very exp
10、ensive. I never even dream about it.Amust BmightCcan't Dshouldn't,A,根据答语中“I never even dream about it”可推断这个房子“必定”是昂贵的。故选A。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()6. May I go swimming alone this afternoon, Dad? No, you _. It is dangerous. Aneedn't Bcouldn't Ccan't Dmay not,C,专题8 系
11、动词和情态动词,()7. Is the old man walking in the hallway our headmaster? It _ be him. He comes to school to see us every morning.Acan't Bmustn't Cneedn't Dmust,D,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()8. You have already tried your best, so you _ worry about it. Acan't Bmustn't Cneedn't
12、 Dcouldn't,C,根据“你已经尽力了”可知，后半句的句意应该是“你不需要为这件事担心”。needn't表示“不需要”。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()9. _ I smoke here? I'm sorry. Look! The sign says people _ smoke here. ACan; must BMust; mustn't CMay; can DCan; mustn't,D,根据情境，第一空表示请求许可，可用may或can, 第二空表示绝对禁止，用mustn't。故选D。,专题8 系动词
13、和情态动词,()10. Will you please stay for lunch? Sorry, I _. My mother wants me back home now.Ashouldn't Bmustn't Ccan't Dneedn't,C,根据答语中“我妈妈想让我现在回去”可知，“我不能在这里吃午饭”。故选C。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()1. Do you have any plans for this weekend?I'm not sure. I _ go climbing Mount Tai.A
14、must BneedCmay Dhave to,语法专练,C,根据答语中“I'm not sure”可知，表示不太肯定的推测。故用may。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()2. Must I do my homework now?No, you _. You may have a rest.Amustn't Bneedn'tCcan't Dwouldn't,B,对must引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时用needn't。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()3._ I leave all the books
15、here?Sorry, you can't. You have to take them back home.ANeed BMustCMay DShould,C,表示请求别人允许自己做某事用may。故选C。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()4.I can't give up smoking, doctor.For your health, I'm afraid you _Amay BcanCcould Dhave to,D,根据对话的语境可知，戒烟为客观上必须要做的事，因此用have to。 故选D。,专题8
16、系动词和情态动词,()5. Do you like swimming in winter?Of course. The water _ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy.Afeels BtastesCsmells Dlooks,A,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()6.I hit a tree on the way to meet my friend at the railway station.I am sure that you _ have been driving too fast.
17、Aneed Bshould Cwill Dmust,D,根据对话的语境可判断，此处用must表示肯定的推测，意为“我敢肯定你一定是开车速度太快了。”故选D。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()7.Andy, will you answer the telephone? It _ be your father.Sorry, I _. I'm having a shower.Acan; mustn't Bwill; can'tCmay; can't Dneed; will,C,由句意可判断打电话的并不一定是An
18、dy的父亲，所以只是一种猜测；排除B、D；又因为“我”正在洗澡，所以不能接电话，用can't。故选C。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()8.What did the head teacher say at the meeting?He said, “We _ be proud of working hard. We mustn't be lazy.”Amust Bneedn't Cmay Dcan't,A,句意：我们一定要以努力学习为荣，一定不要懒惰。故选A。,专题8 系动词和情态动词,()9.Why is online shopping getting more and m
