1、Using language P5 新新外研必修外研必修Book 1 Unit 1 A New Start What do these letters mean when they refer to sentence structure? S (subject) V (verb) O (object) P (predicative) A (adverbial) DO (direct object) IO (indirect object) OC (object complement) 表语 宾语 间接宾语 宾语补足语 直接宾语 状语 主语 谓语 Match the sentences that
2、 share the same structure. I replied. He was friendly. I saw a white-haired man. The exam made me quite nervous. He gave me a smile. I passed him a book. I breathed deeply. I looked at them in panic. I was embarrassed. She agreed. He wrote a long letter. He talked loudly. She looked after her sister
3、 patiently. His words made me a lot more relaxed! Look for more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. 1. Everyone started laughing. 2. The campus was still quiet. 3 He gave me a smile. 4 I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school. 5 I tr
4、ied to turn on my brain Basic Sentence Structures 英文中基本的句子结构有以下五种： 1. 主+谓(不及物动词) SV 2. 主+谓(系动词)+表语 SVP 3. 主+谓(及物动词)+宾语 SVO 4. 主+谓(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 5. 主+谓(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 SVOC SV IO DO SV 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (不及物动词不及物动词) ) 此句型中 “主语+不及物动词/词组”构成句子 的主体部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。 注意：注意：有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、 目的、地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰
5、。 例例1 Class begins. 例例3 Her mother has gone abroad. 例例2 The rain has stopped. 例例4 The red sun rise in the east. 状语修饰动词 状语修饰动词 SVO 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词) )+ +宾语宾语 此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才 能使句意表达完整。 注意注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个 及物动词，之后可加宾语。 例例1 You must listen to your teacher. 例例2 My father arrived in London y
6、esterday. 例例3 He is laughing at the crippled woman. 例例4 Ill write about my football team in my future books. SVP 主语主语+ +系动词系动词+ +表语表语 此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整 的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质或状态 的表语，才能表达完整的意思。 例例1 She became a singer. 例例2 My brother is out now. 例例3 Breakfast smells good. be动词类 am, is , are , was, were 表
7、示变化类 become, get, turn, grow, go 感官动词类 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 表示延续性的 动词 remain, stay, keep 英文中常见的英文中常见的be动词动词 SV IO DO 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词) )+ +间接宾语间接宾语+ + 直接宾语直接宾语 例例2 I bought Tom a birthday gift. 间接宾语 直接宾语 例例1 I showed her my photos. 间接宾语 直接宾语 常见的可接双宾语的动词有：give, send, bring, owe, take
8、, offer, pass, lend, tell, return, promise, show, write, throw, hand, award, grant等 SVOC 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词) )+ +宾语宾语+ +宾语宾语 补足语补足语 在某些及物动词的后面，需要用一个宾语再加 一个宾补才能表达完整的意思。 常见的可做宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词， 介词短语，动词不定式,不带to的动词不定式等 例例1 I will make you captain. 例例2 You should keep the room clean and tidy. 例例3 The en
9、gineer made the robort clean the room everyday. Look at the pictures and tell the story with your own ending. Exercises Try to analyse the structures of the following sentences. 1 The country should develop its economy scientifically. 2 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. 3 People all over the world speak English. 4 The city lies in the northwest of Hainan Province. 5 Spring is coming. 6 She found it difficult to do the work. SVOA SVOC SVO SVP SV SVOC Thank you!
