1、Using language P41 新新外研必修外研必修Book 1 Unit 4 Friends forever 读课文读课文，找找出出含有含有that, that, whowho等引导的定语从等引导的定语从 句句的句子的句子。 1. What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? 2. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our intere
2、sts, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. 3. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a We can stay in touch with the people
3、that we want to remain friends with. b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests Questions 1 What does that refer to in sentence (a)? 2 What does who refer to in sentence (b)? a We can stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. c We can. stay in t
4、ouch with people. We want to remain friends with them. b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests d The digital age also enables us to find people. These people share our interests Whats the difference between the two groups of sentences? Sentences (a) and (b) contan a
5、clause defining a noun in the sentence. Sentences (c)and (d) are each constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun in the other sentence in each pair. Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage? Because there is a closer link and connectio
6、n between people and the clause defining it in sentences (a) and (b). It also makes the passage clearer, and creates an emphatic effect on the people or things being defined. What other words are used to introduce attributive clauses? What do they prefer to? Other words used to introduce attributive
7、 clause include which, whom and whose They can refer to an object or a thing, a person as the object of an action and the relationship of belonging. Attributive clauses 例句分析 ：Harry Potter is a boy who has magic power. 在复合句中，用来修饰名词或代词的从句就叫 做定语定语从句从句。这个从句在主句中充当定语成分。 被修饰的词叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的词叫引 导词，有关系代词关系代
8、词和关系副词关系副词两类。 定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只 能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。 定语从句 定义：定义： 关系代词关系代词： 关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose 作定语 作主语、宾语、表语 指代人的有：who, whom, whose, that 指代物的有：which, whose, that 例1 The man who helped you is Mr. White. 在从句中做主语,不能省略 例2 That is the person (whom/who/that) you want to see. 例3 Im not the
9、 fool (that) you thought me to be. 例4 This is the book(that/which) I bought yesterday. 在从句中做宾语，可省略 在从句中做表语，可省略 在从句中做宾语，可省略 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开， 修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词； 非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可 以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句 子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引 导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。 只用只用that引导的场合引导的场合 1.
10、当先行词既包括人又包括物时： He talked about the men and the books that attracted him. 2. 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no 等修饰时： These are the very points that interest me. 3. 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修 饰时： The first step that we are to take is very difficult. 只用只用that引导的场合引导的场合 4. 先行词是指物的不定代词 all, little, few, muc
11、h 及everything, anything, nothing等时： There is still much that can be done about it. 5. 先行词是who时： Who that have seen him does not like him? “介词关系代词”用法“介词关系代词”用法 1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性 搭配。 例：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands? (shake hands with是习惯性搭配) 2. 介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的 搭配。 例：He built a
12、 telescope through which he could study the skies. (through which 即 through the telescope) “介词关系代词”用法“介词关系代词”用法 3. 当关系代词作“动词介词”固定短语的宾 语时，此时因短语中的介词不能拆开移到关 系代词前。 例：This is the watch which youre looking for. Rewrite the underlined sentences with that, which, who, whom, or whose. 1 Lucy is my friend who
13、/ that has a hearing problem. 2 So I learnt a new language which/that allows me to speak with my hands. 3 Lucy is a smart girl whose ideas are always inspiring. 4 I sometimes have problems (that/which) I cant solve. 5 Lucy is a good listener (whom/who/that) I enjoy sharing moments of my life with. C
14、omplete the online forum post with that, which, who, whom, or whose. that/which whose who/that which/that whom/who Exercise s Complete the sentences with who, which, or whose. 1.The World Wide Fund for Nature is an organization _ aim is to protect wildlife. 2. A volunteer is someone _ works without
15、being paid. 3. Animals _ live on the Tibetan plain have to survive in a hard climate. 4. The Tibetan antelope is an animal _ wool is worth a lot of money. 5. The shawls _ were found in London had just arrived from India. whose who which whose which Complete the sentences with of whom, to whom, for which or in which. 1. The region _ the antelopes live is very cold. 2. The volunteer _ I spoke said conditions were difficult. 3. Jiesang is a hero _ we should be proud. 4. There are several animals _ special laws have been introduced. in which to whom of whom for which Thank you!
