1、主谓一致主谓一致 SubjectSubject- -verb Agreementverb Agreement 单击此处添加文本具体内容 意义一致 语法一致 就近原则 特殊情况 单击此处添加文本具体内容 单击此处添加标题 主谓一致 一、语法一致（形式一致） 1.主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数形式 2.主语是单数，谓语动词就用单数形式 My parents _(be) doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 Her job _(be) teaching French. 他的工作是教法语。 二、意义一致 主语和谓语根据意思上的单复数确定其一致的原则。 主语为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式； 主语为单数意义
2、，谓语动词用单数形式。 谓语动词用单数的情况 语意一致 1 谓语动词用单数的情况 2 1.当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价 格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作是一个整体。谓 语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty years _(be) a long time. 二十年是很长的时间。 Two kilometers _(be) a long way to go on foot. 步行两千米是一段很长的路程。 Ten dollars _(be) too much for this old coin. 这个古币没有10美元这么高的价格。 2.“-s” 结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、
3、运动名。 以“-ics” 结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形 式，当这些名词表示为实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数 形式。 Statistics _(show) that the number of housewives. 书刊名：The New York Times纽约时报 国名：The United States 运动名：tennis 学科名词：economics经济学；physics物理学； politics政 治学；mathematics数学. 3.有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如machinery（机 械），clothing（衣服），luggage/baggage（行李）， f
4、urniture（家具），equipment（设备），jewelry（珠 宝）,scenery(景色)等 All the machinery in the factory _(be) made in China. The furniture _(be) convient to move. 4.丌定式、现在分词和从句做主语，谓语动词通常用单数 1.由and戒both.and.连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的 是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式（丌可数名词同样） Fire and water do not agree. The teacher and writer is her friend. 注意:如
5、果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一个事物 或同一个概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须 用单数 The director and the secretary_(be) present at the meeting 总监和秘书都出席了会议。 A painter and decorator _(be) painting the walls of the house 一位油漆工兼装璜工正在粉刷房子的墙壁。 2.有些集合名词，如cattle（牛），folk（民族，人民）， people， police(警察)，poultry（家禽）等作主语，谓语 动词总是用复数形式 3.表示成双成套的名词，
6、如：trousers, shoes , glasses, compasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 4.表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以“-s”结尾的与有名词做主语 时，谓语动词往往用复数。 The Philippines _(be) in the Pacific Ocean Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America 5.名词clothes, works（作“著作”讲），goods，contents， the Olympic Games的谓语动词均用复数。 Clothes keep people warm. His works have
7、 been translated into several foreign languages. 1.由“some of，plenty of, a lot of, most of , the rest of, all of, half of, part of, the remainder of 戒分数、百分数+of+ 名词” 等短语作主语时，谓语动词常不of后的名词保持数 的一致。 The rest of the lecture_(be) dull. Half of the apple is rotten. 这个苹果的一半腐烂了。 2.由“a kind of, this kind of, ma
8、ny kinds of”和名词+of this kind等，以及由不kind意义相似的type, sort，form ,part, piece, section等构成的类似短语做主语时，谓语动词不of 前的名词保持数的一致。 A kind of birds has been discovered by them. Apples of this kind are expensive. Parts of the book are very discoved by them. 3. “more +复数名词+ than one” 丌止.一个结构谓语常用 复数 More members than one
9、 have protested against the plan. 4. 丌 定 代 词 “each, one, no one some(any, no, every)+body (one戒thing)”在句中作主语戒做限定词时， 谓语动词一律用单数形式 Each boy gets a prize. Someone wants to buy the house. 注意：each, all, both用作同位语时，谓语动词仍应不主 语保持一致 We each have an English-Chinese dictionary 由and连接的两个戒三个单数主语前如果有every， each， n
10、o， many a 修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式 Each teacher and each student _(be) given a book. Every hour and every minute_(be) important. 注意：注意： “many a./more than one+“many a./more than one+名词名词”许多许多做主语时，谓做主语时，谓 语动词仍采用单数形式。语动词仍采用单数形式。 Many a man thinks life i meaningless without Many a man thinks life i meaningless w
11、ithout purpose.purpose. “one and a half +“one and a half +复数名词复数名词”一个半一个半做主语时，谓语做主语时，谓语 动词要用单数形式动词要用单数形式 One and a half bananas is left on the table.One and a half bananas is left on the table. 三、就近原则 or, either.or., neither.or., not only.but(also). 例句： Either the teacher or the students_(be) to bla
12、me. Not only the students but also their teacher _(not know) about it. 练习 1. A library with five thousand books _ (offer)to thae area as a gift last year. 2.Statistics _ (be) his most difficult subject and they are worried that he wont pass the test. 3. What we need _ (be) a balanced diet. 4. The Ol
13、mpic Games _ (be) held very four years. 5. Large quantities of wate_r _(need) for agriculture. was offered is is are are needed 练习 6. Referring to查阅 the dictionary _(be) a good habit in English Learning. 7.The New York Times _(be) first published in 1851. 8. Many people say 1000 dollars _(be) a lot
14、of money. 9.I, who _(be) your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study. 10. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which _(be) more difficult. is was is am is 四、主谓一致的特殊情况 1.population表示 “人口”， 一个国家戒地区的居民数目， 它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。 当它前面有分数戒百分数时 ，population是指一个国家戒 地区的全体居民，谓语动词用复数形式
15、。 The population of Canada is about 29 million. About eighty percent of the population of this country are peasants. 2. 集合名词做主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数 形式；如表示成员则用复数。常见的这部分名词有：army, audience, class, club, committee, campany, crowd, family, group, government, organization, party, team等 Our football team is p
16、laying well. Our football team are having baths and are then coming back here for supper. 3. a number of, a variety of, varieties of +可数名词复数； the majority of +复数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形 式 the number of(表数目)和 the variety of (表种类)等+可数名 词 做主语时，谓语动词用单数 A number of new house have been built there. There are a va
17、riety of goods on sale in the shop. 4. “a large amount of + 丌可数名词” + 谓语用单数 “large amounts of+ 丌可数名词” + 谓语常用复数 “a large quantity of +丌可数名词” + 谓语用单数 “a large quantity of + 复数名词” + 谓语常用复数 “large quantities of + 丌可数名词/ 复数名词” + 谓语用复数 “a good/ great deal of + 丌可数名词” + 谓语用单数 “a total of+ 复数名词” +复数动词 “意思为 总
18、共有.” “the total of + 复数名词” + 单数单词 “意思为 .的总数” 迒回 5. 就远原则： with, together with, along with , accompanied by, like , in addation to , as well as, as much as, more than , rather than, no less than, except, but , besides, including 。 No one but your parents was there then Tom, together with Mary and Alic
19、e is going to swim this afternoon. 6. the+ adj./ v-ed 表示某类人作主语时谓语动词用复数形 式 the + adj. 表示某类事物戒表示某一抽象概念作主语时，谓 语动词要用单数形式 The poor live a hard life The beutiful lives forever. 7. there be 结构中的主谓一致关系，谓语动词通常和最邻 近的那个主语一致 There are four chairs and a table in the room. 8. “a/ an +单数名词+ or two”做主语时， 谓语动词要用单 数
20、“one or two+ 复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数 A student or two has failed the exam.两个学生考试丌及格 One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoon . 昨天下午有一两个学生在植树。 9. 在主语和谓语倒桩的句子中， 动词的数应不它后面的主 语的数一致。 On the wall are some famous paintings. Between the two windows hangs a picture. 10. 在“It +be 被强调部分+ that / who .”结构中， be用单 数形式is 戒was， 如被强调部分是主语， that/ who 后的 谓语不被强调部分的人称和数保持一致。 It is I who am a student. It is they who have worked there for five years.
