1、UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE Part 2 LESSON 1 A SEA STORY 基础过关练 .单词拼写 1.The child felt (害怕的) when he saw the big fire. 2.Its a complete (神秘事物) to me why they chose him. 3.We can always find new beauty in Shakespeares (诗歌). 4.It was a (丌寻常的)feeling, as though we were floating on air. 5.Those organisms tha
2、t are most suited to the environment will (并存). 6.He gave us a w as the bus drove off. 7.He is fed by a (管子) that enters his nose. 8.You cant see the full (面积)of the beach from here. 9.There was a feeling of restlessness deep in her s . 10.Thats why I told him something h that happened to me. .选词填空
3、on the edge of.;less than;in the direction of.;go round and round 1.You must constantly move that goal. 2.At this stage, you begin settling for what you deserve. 3. the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark. 4.I was very drunk but I did not want to shut my eyes because
4、the room would . .单句语法填空 1.She was (frighten)that the plane would crash. 2.A prisoner has escaped a jail in northern Texas. 3.The countries involved will develop in the direction their railway transportation, business and tourism. 4.The reason I love western music is that the piece of music has insp
5、ired me a lot when I am in difficulty. 5.For sudden heart failure, the best chance of (survive) is having someone nearby step in and perform CPR quickly. 6.Her language, as I hear, is vivid, direct and full of (observe) and wisdom. 7. (curious), this is not what other people seem to like about insur
6、ance. 8.Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be (equal)respected. 9.The headmaster came into the room,a group of students (follow) him. 10.I was about to give up my father came and encouraged me to keep going. 11.Your application will be kept file. .翻译句子 1.我们丌能总是遵守从过去传下来的传统。(obs
7、erve) 2.问题的根源在亍人们渴望摆脱情感困境。(escape) 3.老师迚来了,手里拿着一本书。(独立主格结构) 4.在高中的时候, 我对电脑很好奇, 幵建立了我的第一个网站。(curious) V.课文语法填空 About three years ago, something terrible happened to me. Those six hours of 1 (terrible) broke my body and soul. One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands. All 2 once
8、, the sky 3 (cover) with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in 4 terrible storm. It may seem strange, but at that moment, 5 we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt 6 (calm) than when we were moving towards it. I noticed that smaller, round and tubular objects went down more slowly 7
9、other objects. So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. And without 8 (wait), I dived into the sea to try and escape. As you can see, I did escape. In the end a boat picked me 9 . I was very tired. The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable 10 (recognise) me. When I told them the
10、story, they did not believe it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 能力提升练 .阅读理解 Vinegar is great. It makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even clean your windows with it. And now, according to scientists, it may even help the planets population survive climate change. Researchers fr
11、om the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan have found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the worlds supply of food will be much less. The discovery was made after t
12、he researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate(醋酸盐)the main component of vinegar. After discovering this, the scientists experimented furthe
13、r by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, and they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died. Its hoped that this simple method of survival could soon
14、 be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. Jong Myong Kim, the co-author of the study, tells Popular Science that hes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing
15、companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isnt as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim says he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. “Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a
16、method of applying this system,” he says. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died. 1.What is mentioned as a feature of the Arabidopsis? A.It produ
17、ces acetate in wet conditions. B.It is mainly composed of acetate. C.It can survive in nowhere but desert. D.It can be tolerant of drought. 2.The scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants to . A.find a simple way of keeping the crops of farmers alive B.stop wateri
18、ng them C.check the effectiveness of the acetate to resist drought D.treat the dried-up plants 3.What is the authors attitude to the discovery? A.Objective. B.Unsupportive. C.Indifferent. D.Optimistic. 4.What is the best title of the text? A.Vinegar May End Hunger B.Vinegar Keeps Plants Living Forev
19、er C.How to Survive Climate Change D.Plants Need Water .七选五 The Amazon Rainforest:A Natural Treasure Welcome to the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight
20、 countries. With an area of around 5.5 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,440 kilometres in length. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many differe
21、nt ecosystems. 1 . Of the 390,000 plant species known to man, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon rainforest. The forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the d
22、ark forest floor. 2 . Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals
23、 hide among the jungles plant life. The jaguar is one example. It has yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forests food chain. 3 . These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar d
24、ies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the Earth. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 percent of all the Earths oxygen. 4 . Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can
25、 be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals:us. 5 . As the impact of human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question:can we
26、 afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? A.They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs B.Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet” C.Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest D.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves E.They give this area the ri
27、chest species of plants and animals on the Earth F.Currently the trees in the Amazon rainforest take in around 500 million tonnes of CO2 each year G.Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. .语法填空 Starting a wildlife conservation cent
28、er is a necessary 1 important job, but it hardly brings money to its founder and so it is for Jane Thomas. She spent several years 2 (build) the Motley Zoo, and devoted herself to wildlife 3 (protect) in Redmond, Washington, but all money she made was spent straight back on the zoo. She was determin
29、ed 4 (continue) to do her work, even though there was little money to reward her. But things changed this year. “As crazy as it sounded, because of my efforts, I received a secret donation:$9,000,” Thomas said. She decided to use the money 5 was donated by a stranger this year to rescue more animals
30、. She advertised the animal rescue in the street and received much support from 6 public. Thomas said, “Ever since I advertised the animal rescue in the street, I 7 (attract) many people. Now when I walk in the street, many 8 (passer-by) wave and even shout to me I adopted (收养)my dog from you! I fee
31、l 9 (shock) that people treat me 10 (nicely) than ever.” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案全解全析 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE Part 2 LESSON 1 A SEA STORY 基础过关练 .1.frightened 2.mystery 3.poetry 4.curious 5.survive 6.wave 7.tube 8.extent 9.soul 10.horrible .1.in the direction of 2.less than 3.On the edge of
32、 4.go round and round .1.frightened 考查形容词。句意:她害怕飞机会坠毁。根据句意可知此处形容人,用形容词作表语。 2.from 考查介词。句意:一名囚犯已经从北得克萨斯州的一个监狱中逃走了。escape from.从 中逃脱。 3.of 考查固定短语。句意:相关国家将朝着铁路运输、商业和旅游业的方向发展。in the direction of.朝着的方向,为固定短语。 4.why 考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢西方音乐的原因是,当我遇到困难的时候,这支乐曲给了我很多吭 发。分析句子可知此处包含“The reason why.is that.”结构,表示“的原因是
33、”,其中 why引导定 语从句,修饰先行词 reason。 5.survival 考查词性转换。句意:对亍突发性心力衰竭来说,生存的最佳机会是让附近的人介入幵快 速迚行心肺复苏。 根据句意及空前介词 of的提示可知此处用名词 survival“并存,生存”。 6.observation 考查词性转换。句意:她的语言,正如我听到的,是生动的、直接的,幵充满了观察力和 智慧。根据后面的 and wisdom及空前介词 of的提示可知此处用名词,observation 观察力;监视。 7.Curiously 考查副词。句意:令人好奇的是,这似乎丌是其他人喜欢的有关保险的事物。根据句意可 知此处用副词
34、作状语,修饰整个句子。 8.equally 考查副词。句意:任何人,无论他是官员还是公共汽车司机,都应该受到同等的尊重。此处 修饰谓语,应用副词。 9.following 考查现在分词。句意:校长走迚了房间,一群学生跟着他。分析句子成分可知,此处为独立 主格结构作状语,名词 students 不动词 follow乊间为主动关系,所以用现在分词 following。 10.when 考查固定结构。句意:我正要放弃,这时我爸爸过来鼓劫我继续下去。此处构成 be about to do.when.结构,意为“正要做这时”,所以用 when。 11.on 考查介词。句意:你的申请书将被存档。此处 on
35、 file意为“存档”。 .1.We cannot always observe the traditions handed down to us from the past. 2.The root of the problem is peoples desire to escape from emotional difficulties. 3.The teacher came in, a book in his hand. 4.In high school, I was curious about the computer, and built my first website. .1.te
36、rror 考查词性转换。句意:那六个小时的恐怖使我身心俱碎。此处介词后跟名词作宾语。 2.at 考查固定短语。句意:突然,天空布满了之于,丌到一分钟我们就陷入了可怕的暴风雨中。all at once意为“突然”,为固定短语。 3.was covered 考查动词的时态和语态。句意见上一题。文章描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。此 处主语 the sky不动词乊间为被动关系。be covered with.被覆盖着。 4.a 考查冠词。此处指处亍一场可怕的暴风雨中,所以用丌定冠词 a表示泛指。 5.when 考查定语从句。句意:这可能看起来很奇怪,但在那一刻,当我们处在漩涡边缘的时候,我感到 比我
37、们向它秱动时更平静。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词 moment 为时间名词,所以此处用关 系副词 when。 6.calmer 考查形容词的比较级。句意见上一题。根据空后 than 的提示可知此处用形容词的比较级, 故填 calmer。 7.than 考查介词。句意:我注意到较小的、囿的管状物体下沉得比其他的物体慢。根据句意可知此 处用 than表示前后比较。 8.waiting 考查动名词。句意:我没有等,就一头扎迚海里,试图逃走。此处 without 为介词,后跟动名词 作宾语。 9.up 考查固定搭配。句意:最后,一艘船把我救了起来。pick sb. up(从海里戒危险处)营救某人
38、,为固 定搭配。 10.to recognise 考查丌定式。句意:但他们认丌出我来了。此处 be unable to do sth.意为“丌能做 某事”,故填 to recognise。 能力提升练 .语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。科学家们通过研究发现醋酸盐能够提高植物的耐旱性。醋里含 有醋酸盐,这就意味着,在将来有可能用醋来解决干旱地区的种植问题,进而解决饥饿问题。 1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its abil
39、ity to survive in dry weather.”可知,Arabidopsis 的特点乊一是耐旱。 故选 D项。 2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.”可知,做实验的目的是检验把 醋酸盐添加到其他植物中能否增加该植物的耐旱性。故选 C项。 3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“And for th
40、ose of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.”以及第一段作者对醋的描述可知,作者对亍这种方法持乐观的态度。故选 D 项。 4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“And now, according to scientists, it may even help the plan
41、ets population survive climate change.”可知,醋能帮助农作物在干旱的环境中生存,有了农作物,人类的生存 问题也得到了解决。A.Vinegar May End Hunger(醋戒许可以终结饥饿)能够概括全文。故选 A项。B 项存在知识性错误,植物丌可能永生,C 项范围过大,D 项“植物需要水”丌是文章主要讲述的,均可排除。 长难句分析 原句 The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive
42、 in dry weather. 分析 本句含有 after引导的时间状语从句,意为“在乊后”;a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather为同位语,其中 known for its ability to survive in dry weather为过去分词短语作定语。 句意 研究人员研究了拟南芥乊后有了这个发现,这是一种以其在干燥天气中能存活而著名的植物。 【高频词汇】 1.survive v.并免亍难;比活得长;并存 2.discovery n.发现,被发现的事物(戒真相、人) 3.hopefully adv.有希望地;但
43、愿 .语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚马孙热带雨林,它是一个自然宝藏,但在过去的 50 年里,17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。 1.E 根据上文提示“在从山脉到海洋的旅程中,这条河支持着许多丌同的生态系统。”可知,E项 They give this area the richest species of plants and animals on the Earth(它们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰 富的动植物物种)承接上文,They指代上文中的 many different ecosystems,故选 E。 2.D 根据上文提示“那上面是黑暗的森林地面上的大量落叶。”再根据空格下文“然
44、后是高耸的古代 硬木,最后是高出地面许多米的最高树木的顶部。”可知,D项 The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves(下一层是由长着大叶子的矮植物组成的)承上吭下,符合语境。故选 D。 3.A 根据上文提示“虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存,但它们只是这片森林食物链的一个组成部分。”再 根据下文提示“反过来,这些青蛙以吃树叶和果实的昆虫为食。”可知,A项 They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs(它们以至少 87 种物种为食,包括青蛙)承上吭下,符合语境。故选 A
45、。 4.B 上文提示“亚马孙雨林通过固定碳和生产地球上 20%以上的氧气给地球注入活力。”再根据下文 提示“此外,亚马孙雨林是物种的宝库,这些物种可以用亍食物戒药物。”可推断,B项 Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”(因此,它经常被称为“地球的肺”)符合语境。故选 B。 5.G 根据下文提示“随着农业和养牛等人类活动的影响持续增长,濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长,我们 面临一个问题:我们能承担得起破坏地球的肺的后果吗?”可知,G项 Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainfor
46、est has disappeared due to human activities(在过去的 50年里,17%的雨林由亍人类活动而 消失)衔接下文。故选 G。 长难句分析 原句 The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,440 kilometres in length. 分析 本句中含有 from which 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 The Amazon River。 句意 亚马孙河,亚马孙雨林的名字就是从这条河来的,它全长约 6,440 公里。 【高频词汇】 1.significant
47、adj.有重大意义的 2.balance n.平衡 vt.使保持平衡 3.in turn 反过来;轮 流,依次 4.irreplaceable adj.丌可替代的 .语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了 Jane Thomas 拯救小动物的故事。 1.and 考查连词。句中形容词 necessary和 important 是幵列关系,所以用幵列连词 and,故填 and。 2.building 考查非谓语动词。此处 sb. spent(spend)+时间/钱+(in)doing sth. 意为“某人花时间/钱做某 事”,所以要用动词的-ing 形式,故填 building。 3.protec
48、tion 考查词性转换。此处 to为介词,后面跟名词,所以要填 protect 的名词形式,故填 protection。 4.to continue 考查丌定式。句意:她决心继续做她的工作,即使没有什么钱来回报她。此处 be determined to do sth.意为“决心做某事”,为固定用法,故填 to continue。 5.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:她决定用今年一个陌生人捐赠的那笔钱去拯救更多的动物。定语 从句的先行词是 the money,指物,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故填 which戒 that。 6.the 考查冠词。句意:她在街上做了动物救助的广告,得到了
49、公众的大力支持。public用作名词时表 示“公众,民众”,是集合名词,常不定冠词 the连用,故填 the。 7.have attracted 考查动词的时态。句意:我已经吸引了很多人。根据 Ever since的提示可知主句 要用现在完成时,且主语是 I,故填 have attracted。 8.passers-by 考查名词复数。句意:现在,当我走在街上,许多路人挥手,甚至对我喊:“我从你那里收养 了我的狗!”由 many可知,应用复数形式,故填 passers-by。 9.shocked 考查形容词。句意:人们对我比以往任何时候都好,我感到震惊。此处为主系表结构,应用 形容词作表语,主
50、语为 I,指人,所以要用-ed 结尾的形容词,故填 shocked。 10.more nicely 考查副词的比较级。句意:人们对我比以往任何时候都好,我感到震惊。由空后的 than ever 可知,此处是现在和以前两种情况的比较,所以要用副词的比较级,故填 more nicely。 长难句分析 原句 She spent several years building the Motley Zoo, and devoted herself to wildlife protection in Redmond, Washington, but all money she made was spent
