1、Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 3 Race to the PoleLanguage points(1)We are making preparations for the art festival at this moment.(2)Sandy practices every day in preparation for the Olympic Games to be held in Japan.(3)Helen has been preparing for the important test for three weeks.(4)Now Im well p
2、repared to work as a language instructor.1.preparation n.1.preparation n.准备；预备准备；预备(1)make preparations for 为做准备(2)in preparation for 为做准备(3)prepare v.准备；预备；prepared adj.准备好的；有所准备的(4)prepare to do 准备做 prepare for sth 为做好准备(5)be/get prepared for sth 为某事做好准备 be/get prepared to do sth 为做某事做好准备 单句语法填空单句
3、语法填空(1)You should have made full （prepare）for the job interview.(2)Another group began removing seats and other theatre equipment in preparation the buildings end.(3)The king urged his people to prepare _ the war.preparationsforfor(1)Chile operates a research base on King George Island in the Southe
4、rn Ocean.(2)The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.(3)Water is a basic necessity of life.2.base 2.base n.n.底部；基地；基础底部；基地；基础 vt vt.以以为基础为基础(1)at the base of.在底部(2)base.on/upon.=be based on 以为基础/根据(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的；初级的(4)basically adv.基本上；大体上；从根本上 单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)The book，（base）on his lif
5、e in his childhood came out in 1960s.(2)Her decisions were mainly based her interests.(3)No one can take away my（base）right to education.basedonbasic(1)Helen looked anxiously at her father.(2)Her voice was full of anxiety.(3)Peter has been out of work for three months and he is anxious to find a job
6、.3.anxiously 3.anxiously advadv.焦虑地；不安地；渴望地焦虑地；不安地；渴望地 (1)anxious anxious adjadj.忧虑的；忧虑的；焦急焦急 anxiety anxiety n n.焦虑；不安；烦恼焦虑；不安；烦恼(2)be anxious about.e anxious about.对对.担心担心 be be anxious for sth anxious for sth 渴望某事渴望某事(3)be anxious to do sth be anxious to do sth 渴望渴望 /急于做某急于做某事事(4)with with anxiet
7、y anxiety 焦虑地焦虑地 单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)（anxious），she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find it didnt fit.(2)There was increasing（anxious）over the outcome of the talks.(3)Jack still cant help being anxious his job interview.Anxiouslyanxietyabout4.break 4.break down down（机器等）出故障；坏了；（计
8、划、和谈等）失败；（机器等）出故障；坏了；（计划、和谈等）失败；（精神、身体）垮了；分解；（关系等）破裂；把（精神、身体）垮了；分解；（关系等）破裂；把拆分；痛哭拆分；痛哭【归纳拓展归纳拓展】break away break away（fromfrom）离开；逃脱；）离开；逃脱；脱离脱离 break break in in 插嘴；打断；闯入插嘴；打断；闯入break into break into 破门而入；突然破门而入；突然起来起来break break off off 断绝；中断；折断断绝；中断；折断break outbreak out（火灾、战争等）突然（火灾、战争等）突然爆发爆发bre
9、ak break through through 冲破；突破冲破；突破break upbreak up（使）破碎；（使）破裂；解散；解体；散会；驱散；制止（使）破碎；（使）破裂；解散；解体；散会；驱散；制止写出句中写出句中 break down break down 的含义的含义(1)The worms ability to break down their everyday foodbeeswaxalso allows them to break down plastic._(2)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from
10、 his forehead，because the air-conditioning system broke down._(3)The firefighters broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire._(4)She broke down the moment she heard the bad news._(5)His plan broke down because he had not given enough attention to details._用用 break 短语的适
11、当形式填空短语的适当形式填空(6)The band in the 1990s.(7)Her friends came to her rescue when the war_.(8)When he got home，he found his house_.分解出故障拆掉痛哭（计划等）失败broke upbroke outbroken into5.put on 5.put on 穿上；戴上；抹；使运转；播放；增加；发胖；假装；装穿上；戴上；抹；使运转；播放；增加；发胖；假装；装出出【归纳拓展】put aside 把放在一边；不考虑put away 把收起；放好；储存备用put back 把放回原处
12、put down 放下；写下；记下；平定；镇压put forward 提出；把提前put off 推迟；延期put out 熄灭；扑灭；出版；公布；广播put up 举起；抬起；提高；公布；张贴；搭建；留宿；住宿put up with 忍受；容忍写出句中写出句中 put on 的含义的含义(1)It is very cold outside.If you go out，you should put on more clothes.(2)When will the new play be put on?(3)He put on a cheerful smile，but he was disapp
13、ointed.(4)After the Spring Festival，some people put on a lot of weight.用用 put 短语的适当形式填空短语的适当形式填空(5)Mr Smith his hat and left the room in a hurry.(6)We will off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.(7)A week before Earth Day，posters werearound our school，calling upon
14、us to join in the actions for a greener earth.(8)You had better your reasons right now.We have no time to waste.(9)How can you the noise from upstairs?.穿上上演假装发胖put onput off put upput forwardput up with(1)As a young man，you should have an ambition to succeed in your field.(2)They were very ambitious
15、 for their children.6.ambition 6.ambition n n.雄心；抱负；追求；夙愿雄心；抱负；追求；夙愿 (1)have have an ambition to do sth an ambition to do sth 有做某事的抱负有做某事的抱负(2)achieve/realise achieve/realise an ambition an ambition 实现抱负实现抱负(3)ambitious ambitious adjadj.雄心勃勃的；野心勃勃的雄心勃勃的；野心勃勃的 单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)One of his （ambition）is t
16、o become a famous athlete.(2)Hes a very （ambition）young person and he wants to play at the highest level.ambitionsambitious(1)She is determined to carry on with her education.(2)He carried on working as if nothing had happened.7.carry on 7.carry on 继续；进行继续；进行(1)carry on with sth carry on with sth 继续
17、继续/坚持某事坚持某事(2)carry on doing sth carry on doing sth 继续继续/坚持做某事坚持做某事(3)carry away carry away 拿走；冲走；掠走；使激动拿走；冲走；掠走；使激动(4)carry out carry out 执行，实施执行，实施(5)carry through carry through 完成；使渡过难关完成；使渡过难关单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Inspired by the stories of Lin Qiaozhi，Li Mei decided to carry her good work as a doctor.
18、(2)Some houses in the village were carriedwhen the swollen river suddenly changed its course.(3)He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry the secret task.(4)Their courage carried them the hard times.onawayoutthroughSentences explanations1.Then 1.Then came the total darkne
19、ss of the came the total darkness of the polar winter.polar winter.极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。【句式分析句式分析】时间副词 then 位于句首，谓语动词是 come，go 时，句子需用全部倒装。Then came the news that he had recovered from his disease.然后传来了他病愈的消息。Now comes the great moment.现在这一伟大的时刻到来了。Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出来。On the grou
20、nd lies a man whose leg is broken.地上躺着一个男子，他的腿断了【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)时间副词 now 也有此用法。(2)地点副词 here/there 位于句首，谓语动词是 be，come，go，stand，lie，exist 等，且主语是名词时，也用全部倒装。(3)表示方向的副词 out，in，up，down 等置于句首，且名词作主语时要用完全倒装。(4)表语或地点状语（多为介词短语）+连系动词或实义动词+主语（名词）单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)And then（come）the lesson Ive taken with me through my
21、life.(2)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River（lie）Chongqing,one of the ten largest cities in China.(3)It was the first time that I had played on the stage.In front of the stage（be）my excited schoolmates.camelieswere2.Amundsen 2.Amundsen was the was the first first to leave
22、on 8 to leave on 8 SeptemberSeptember，19111911.1911 1911 年年 9 9 月月 8 8 日，阿蒙森第一个动身。日，阿蒙森第一个动身。【句式分析】本句型中，to do 作后置定语。若是被动关系，用 to be done。sb/sth sb/sth be the frst/second.last to do sth be the frst/second.last to do sth 某人/某物是第一/二最后一个做的人/物Who is the first person in the world the first person in the wo
23、rld to land onto land on the moon?谁是世界上第一个登上月球的人？Jane is the first student in our class the first student in our class to cometo come and the last and the last to leaveto leave.简是我们班第一个来的学生，也是最后一个离开的学生。She is the last person the last person to trust to trust with a secret.她是最不可能保密的人。单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)W
24、ang Shu is the first Chinese citizen (win)this award.(2)The Antarctica is the last continent _(discover).(3)She was the first woman in China （choose）to do the dangerous job.(4)In 2003，China became the third nation （put）a human in space with its own rocket.to winto be discoveredto be chosen to put3.F
25、irst3.First，his two sledges broke down and then his two sledges broke down and then the horses the horses began to have began to have serious difficulties serious difficulties with the with the snow and the snow and the cold.cold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒开始在大雪和严寒的天气的天气下出现严重下出现严重问题。问题。【句
26、式分析句式分析】第一个句型中介词 with 后接名词，第二个句型中 difficulty 后省略了介词 in,后接 doing 作宾语。have have difficulty difficulty with.with.在在方面有困难方面有困难Alice has some difficulty with has some difficulty with her physics.爱丽丝在物理方面有些困难。Jack had some difficulty had some difficulty（in in）learning learning Chinese.杰克学习汉语有些困难。【归纳拓展归纳拓展
27、】have difficulty have difficulty（in in）doing sth doing sth 做做有困难有困难have trouble/problems have trouble/problems（in in）doing sth doing sth 做做有困难有困难have some trouble/problem with sth have some trouble/problem with sth 在在方面有些困难方面有些困难单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Susan is having a lot of trouble the new computer，but sh
28、e doesnt know whom to turn to.(2)Some people have great difficulty （get）up early in the morning.(3)Homeless people often have difficulty（find）a job because they have no home addresses.(4)Youll imagine what difficulty we had（walk）home in the snowstorm.withgettingfindingwalking后缀后缀1 1 后缀的作用后缀的作用英语的后缀具
29、有很强的语法作用，加在一个词的尾部构成派生词，一般不改变词的基本意义，而是改变词性。（下面先讲一下常见名词、形容词和副词的后缀。）单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）The couple got into a heated （argue）about their childrens education.（2）Hazel （probable）wouldnt have suffered greatly if he hadnt been cheated by the man.（3）The（true）is that many people have suffered from the disease.argu
30、mentprobablytruth2 2 常见名词后缀常见名词后缀（1）动词加后缀-er，-or，-ar，-ant 变为名词，表示“动作执行人”。teach teacher visit visitor lie liar assist assistant（2）动词加-tion（及其变体），-ing，-ment，-al，-ure 变为相应的名词形式，表示“行为的过程、结果”。organise organisation live living move movement arrive arrival fail failure（3）形容词加后缀-ness，-y，-（i）ty，-th 变为名词。ill
31、illness homesick homesicknessdifficult difficulty equal equalityhuman humanity true truthgrow growth warm warmth单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Every year，a large number of （visit）are attracted by the beautiful scenery in Guilin.（2）Many （organize）now are attempting to encourage their employees to be creative.（3）On his （arrive）in Wuhan，Mr Zhong went to hospital.（4）I know Peter feels upset about his （fail）.（5）It is an astonishing （achieve）.visitorsorganizationsarrivalfailureachievementThank you!
