1、Unit 1 Nature in the balance 突破语法大冲关突破语法大冲关 省略 为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一 个或几个成分，这种语法现象叫省略。 观察例句 (You)Come in，please! (Are you)OK? (You come)This way，please. John is a lawyer，and his wife (is)a cleaner. The boy wanted to play football in the street，but his mother did not allow him to(play football
2、 in the street). His advice made me happy，but (his advice made)Jim angry. Youd better look out when (you are)crossing the street. He is the man (who/whom/that)you can depend on. He said (that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. 归纳用法 一、简单句中的省略 1省略主语：主要是祈使句中的 you (如例)。 2省
3、略主语和谓语的一部分(如例)；主语和谓语都很明确时， 可将二者同时省略(如例)。 3省略宾语：当前后两个句子的宾语一致时，后句常省略宾语。 Do you know Miss Gao? I dont know (Miss Gao). 即学即练 1 补全下列省略句 Have a seat，please! _ have a seat，please! Looks like rain. _ looks like rain. Understand? _ understand? You It Do you 二、并列句中的省略 在由 and 或 but 等连接的并列句中，常省略重复的部分。 1省略重复的动词(
4、如例) 2省略重复的短语(如例) 3省略重复的主语与谓语动词(如例) 即学即练 2 写出下列句中可以省略的部分 Some of us study Japanese ， and others study English. _ Lets do the dishes.I wash the dishes and you dry the dishes. _ He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt have a knowledge of first aid. _ others后的study wash和dry后的the dishes doe
5、snt 后的 have a knowledge of first aid 三、复合句中的省略 1状语从句中的省略 (1)在 when，while，if，as if，though，although，as，until，once， whether，unless，whenever 等引导的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句 的主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词 be 时，从句中主语和 be 动词常 被省略(如例)。 (2)当状语从句的主语为 it 时，从句中主语和 be 动词常被省略。 They dont use more water than (it is)necessary. 他们不会用太多水。 (3)当比
6、较状语从句的谓语与主句中的相同时， 从句中谓语常被省 略。 He runs as fast as Bob (runs). 他跑的和 Bob 一样快。 即学即练 3 (1)把下列句子改为省略句 If it is so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. _，I hope you will have a wonderful time. The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou. The winters in Hangzhou are not _ If so so mil
7、d as in Guangzhou (2)用省略形式完成句子 _(在网上浏览时)，I downloaded the film. He shook his head _(好像要拒绝) When surfing the Internet as if to say no/refuse 2定语从句中的省略 (1)在限制性定语从句中， 作宾语用的关系代词 who/whom/that 可 省略(如例)。 (2)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词 which/that 可省 略。 The exact year (which/that)Angela and her family spent togethe
8、r in China was 2018. Angela 和家人一起在中国度过的那年是 2018 年。 (3)在限制性定语从句中，作状语用的关系代词 which/that 可省 略。 The way (that/in which)he speaks to us is really annoying. 他跟我们说话的方式真烦人。 名师点津 当 whom，which 紧跟在介词后时不能省略。 即学即练 4 写出下列句中可以省略的部分 Among the many dangers which sailors have to face，probably the greatest of all is fo
9、g. _ Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position. _ which that 3宾语从句中的省略 (1)由 that 引导的宾语从句，that 一般可以省略；但如果动词接两 个或两个以上 that 引导的宾语从句时， 只有第一个 that 可以省略(如例 )。 (2)由 when，where，how 和 why 引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留 引导词。 I know that a movie star will come to our city but I dont
10、 know when (he will come to our city). 我知道一个电影明星要来我们的城市，但我不知道他什么时候 来。 即学即练 5 写出下列句中可以省略的部分 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. _ She didnt go to school yesterday.I dont know why she didnt go to school yesterday. _ that why后面的she didnt go to s
11、chool yesterday .单句语法填空 1As _(schedule)，we took part in several instructive activities. 2Video games can be a poor influence if _(leave)in the wrong hands. 3It is so cold that you cant go outside _ fully covered in thick clothes. scheduled left unless 4When _(walk)，she found a nice shining thing on
12、the ground. 5Children，when _(accompany)by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium. 6_ possible，you should try it again. 7I will keep silent even if _(ask)about this matter. 8_ in America，he made many friends with the local people. 9Why not _(go)to the teachers office and ask for some advice?
13、10I hear Tom is ill.If _，lets go to see him. walking accompanied If asked When go so .短文语法填空 Dealing with homeless families 1._(be)one part of my job.It was from a single mother 2._ the very first call I had was.She was weeping.Not until I promised to help her 3._ she stop weeping.After being told t
14、hat she had got into a terrible car accident，I learned that accident made her lose her job.Because of this，she fell behind with her rent 4._ she was being forced to leave her apartment.She had to pay for the rent.5._ not，nowhere could she and her two children go. is that did and If Having explained
15、the situation， she stopped， saying， “Im so sorry！ Thank you for letting me tell my story.Ive tried every shelter and charity in the area but no one 6._ listen or care.” does 7 _ an unfortunate thing！ At that time there being no openings for family housing，I took her number down and told her Id call
16、her right back.Later，hardly 8._ I found an opening for a family in a shelter in her area when I called her back.She was shocked when 9._ (answer)my call.She said， “Never 10._ I really expect you to call me back.” I gave her the good news and she started weeping again.But this time they were tears of happiness and hope. What had answering did
