1、B 3 U 3 G r a m m a r Verb-ing forms & Verb-ed forms as attributives，adverbials and object complements CONTENTS 1 as attributives 3 as object complements 2 as adverbials 4 instant feedback 01 as attributives a s a t t r i b u t i v e s _ water _ heart _ comic _ man polluted broken interesting runnin
2、g a s a t t r i b u t i v e s When a verb-ing or a verb-ed is used to modify a noun, it usually appears before the noun. a s a t t r i b u t i v e s cabin hospital _ in Wuhan kids _ on the race doctors _ on the ground kids _ a prize built running resting awarded a s a t t r i b u t i v e s doctors r
3、esting on the ground kids running on the race cabin hospital built in Wuhan kids awarded a prize doctors who are resting on the ground kids who are running on the race cabin hospital which was built in Wuhan kids who were awarded a prize a s a t t r i b u t i v e s When a verb-ing or a verb-ed is us
4、ed to modify a noun, it usually appears before the noun. When a verb-ing or a verb-ed phrase is used to modify a noun, its usually put behind the noun and it can be changed into an attribute clause. a s a t t r i b u t i v e s a developed country fallen leaves a developing country falling leaves a s
5、 a t t r i b u t i v e s When a verb-ing or a verb-ed is used to modify a noun, it usually appears before the noun. When a verb-ing or a verb-ed phrase is used to modify a noun, its usually put behind the noun and it can be changed into an attribute clause. The verb-ing form often refers to an actio
6、n that is continuing, while the verb-ed form often refers to a past action a s a t t r i b u t i v e s a girl rescued by others a baby hugged by a mom a girl rescuing others a mom hugging a baby a s a t t r i b u t i v e s When a verb-ing or a verb-ed is used to modify a noun, it usually appears bef
7、ore the noun. When a verb-ing or a verb-ed phrase is used to modify a noun, its usually put behind the noun and it can be changed into an attribute clause. The verb-ing form often refers to an action that is continuing, while the verb-ed form often refers to a past action The verb-ing form can expre
8、ss an active meaning, while the verb-ed form often expresses a passive meaning. a s a t t r i b u t i v e s The topic The topic being discussed being discussed at the moment is about music.at the moment is about music. There are few tigers There are few tigers leftleft. It is time for the department
9、s . It is time for the departments concernedconcerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.to take measures to protect them from dying out. 02 as adverbials a s a d v e r b i a l s continuing past action active passive verb-ing verb-ed a s a d v e r b i a l s 时间状语 Asked about his address，
10、 the boy didnt respond. When he was asked about his address，the boy didnt respond. Walking in the park，she saw an old friend. When/While (she was) walking in the park，she saw an old friend. a s a d v e r b i a l s 原因状语 Annoyed at the decision，he refused to attend the meeting. As he was annoyed at th
11、e decision，he refused to attend the meeting. Being ill，he couldnt go to school. As he was ill，he couldnt go to school. a s a d v e r b i a l s 条件状语 Given more time ，we could have better work. If they were given more time， we could have better work. Working hard，youll make great progress. If you work
12、 hard，youll make great progress. a s a d v e r b i a l s 结果状语 He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken. He fell off a tall tree, and his leg was broken. He was caught in the rain，thus making himself catch a cold. =He was caught in the rain，which made himself catch a cold. I hurried to school，only to
13、find it was Sunday. a s a d v e r b i a l s 让步状语 Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool. Even if he was trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool. Though knowing all this，they made me pay for the damage. =Though they knew all this，they made me pay for the damage. a s a d v e r b i a
14、 l s 方式状语 Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book. Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book. a s a d v e r b i a l s 伴随状语 Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom. The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of studen
15、ts. Following a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom. The teacher entered the classroom and he followed by a group of students. a s a d v e r b i a l s ThoughThough warned of the stormwarned of the storm，the farmers were still working in the farmers were still working in the fields.th
16、e fields. WhileWhile admitting he was involved in the crime, he denied taking admitting he was involved in the crime, he denied taking part in it.part in it. 过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when，if，while， though，even if，until，unless等连词。需要注意的是，省略 的主语必须和主句的主语相同或为it。 为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如， 加上when，while，强
17、调不谓语动词同时发生；加上before， after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上 (al)though，强调让步等。 a s a d v e r b i a l s Walking in the streetWalking in the street，I met an old friend of mine.I met an old friend of mine. Having finished the letterHaving finished the letter，he went to post it.he went to post it. Having been sho
18、wn around the factoryHaving been shown around the factory，they were very happy.they were very happy. Having finished his homeworkHaving finished his homework，he went to bed.he went to bed. Not knowing thisNot knowing this，he didnt come.he didnt come. Not having made full preparationsNot having made
19、full preparations，we put off the sports we put off the sports meeting.meeting. a s a d v e r b i a l s _ from the hill, you will find _ from the hill, you will find thethe citycity lookslooks likelike a a bigbig garden. garden. _ from the hill, the_ from the hill, the citycity looks likelooks like a
20、 a bigbig garden. garden. Seeing Seen active passive a s a d v e r b i a l s _ for a long time, the book looks old._ for a long time, the book looks old. _ the book, I find it useful. _ the book, I find it useful. _ at her, he jumped with joy. (look)_ at her, he jumped with joy. (look) _ at by her,
21、he jumped with joy. (look)_ at by her, he jumped with joy. (look) _ with his room, mine is smaller.(compare)_ with his room, mine is smaller.(compare) _ with his room, I found mine smaller.(compare)_ with his room, I found mine smaller.(compare) Compared Used Using Looking Looked Comparing 03 as obj
22、ect complements as object complements 感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用 分词作宾语补足语。 When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home. I felt somebody standing behind me. as object complements 感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用 分词作宾语补足语。 使役动词(常
23、见的有have，let，keep，get，leave等)后，可用分词作宾语 补足语 We kept the fire burning all night long. I wont have you running about in the room. Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left. as object complements 感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用 分词作宾语补足语。 使役动词(常见的有have，let，keep，get，leav
24、e等)后，可用分词作宾语 补足语 （过去分词）用在表状态的keep，leave等词的后面作宾语补足语；用在表 “意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等词的后面。 He hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched. The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week. as object complements 感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用 分词作宾语补足
25、语。 使役动词(常见的有have，let，keep，get，leave等)后，可用分词作宾语 补足语 （过去分词）用在表状态的keep，leave等词的后面作宾语补足语；用在表 “意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等词的后面。 with宾语宾补 With his work finished，he gladly accepted the invitation. I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on. With so many problems to settle , the new chairm
26、an couldnt sleep well at night. 04 instant feedback i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k 谓语动词 非谓语动词 在句子中充当谓语的动词； 在句子中丌充当谓语的动词； i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k 过过 去去 现现 在在 将将 来来 一一 般般 diddid do/doesdo/does will/shall dowill/shall do 进进 行行 was/were doingwas/were doing am/is/aream/is/are doingdoing will/shall b
27、e will/shall be doingdoing 完完 成成 had donehad done has/havehas/have donedone will/shallwill/shall have donehave done 完成进行完成进行 had beenhad been doingdoing has/have has/have been doingbeen doing will/shall have will/shall have been doingbeen doing i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k 名名 称称 种种 类类 主主 动动 形形 式式 被
28、被 动动 形形 式式 to do 一般式一般式 to do to be done 进行式进行式 to be doing to be being done 完成式完成式 to have done to have been done doing 一般式一般式 doing being done done 一般式一般式 done 无无 i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k Those doctors resting on the ground come from Wuhan. This is the cabin hospital built in Wuhan. i n s t a
29、 n t f e e d b a c k The kids_(run) on the race now. The kids_(run) on the race now and they look very happy. The kids_(run) on the race now look very happy. The kids who _(run) on the race now look very happy. i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k The kids_(run) on the race now. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，所以该空格应使用
30、_(谓语/非谓语动词)。 The kids_(run) on the race now and they look very happy. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有并列连词_ 连接了两个动词，所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)，并 且前后两个动词时态_(一致/不一致)。 没有 谓语动词 有 and 谓语动词 一致 and i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k The kids_(run) on the race now look very happy. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，并且_(有/没有)连词， 所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)。
31、 The kids who _(run) on the race now look very happy. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有从属连词_， 所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)。 who 有 没有 非谓语动词 有 who 谓语动词 i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k 一个句子中已经存在一个_, 又没有_的情况下，另一个动 词需要用_。 Summary 谓语动词 连词 非谓语动词 i n s t a n t f e e d b a c k The book _(borrow) from the library. I like the book _(
32、borrow) from the library. He _(get) up at 9, brushed his teeth and enjoyed his breakfast. While walking in the street, he _ (hit) on the head. She got off the bus, but _(leave) her book in the bus. She got off the bus, _(leave) her book in the bus. is borrowed borrowed like got was hit left leaving and While but T H E E N D .
