1、Unit 1 Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy Grammar and usage Passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses Make sentences with passive voice in the present continuous or present perfect tenses. construct The road is being constructed. The road has been constructed. Lead-in repair The c
2、ar is being repaired. The car has been repaired. Lead-in cook The dish is being cooked. The dish has been cooked. Lead-in The family is decorating the tree. The tree is being decorated. The tree has been decorated. Lead-in Passive voice in the present continuous tense Passive voice in the present pe
3、rfect tense Find the sentences in the leaflet that use the passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses. Passive voice in the present continuous tense The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool Passive voice in the present perfect tense Our facilities have b
4、een enlarged and redone Weight training classes, for example, are being designed and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment. our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options Exploring the rules We use the passive voice in the present continuous tense to talk about som
5、ething that is being done right now. The verb form is “ (1) ”. We use the passive voice in the present perfect tense to talk about something that has been done. The verb form is “ (2) ”. is/are/am being done has/have been done Working out the rules Observe and decide how to change a sentence into pa
6、ssive voice. The postman has delivered the mail. (Active) The mail has been delivered (by the postman). (Passive) The decorator is painting my room. (Active) My room is being painted (by the decorator). (Passive) Applying the rules Step 1: Move the object to the beginning of the sentence. Step 2: Ch
7、ange the verb from active form to passive form, while maintaining the sentence tense. Step 3: Add the preposition “by” before the subject, if you want to mention the subject, but its optional. Applying the rules They have talked about the issue. (Active) The issue has been talked about. (Passive) If
8、 there is a preposition between the verb and the object, the preposition will remain after the verb. Focus on some special occasions. Applying the rules They have sent us a copy. (Active) We have been sent a copy. (Passive) A copy has been sent to us. (Passive) Some sentences have both a direct obje
9、ct (usually a thing) and an indirect object (usually a person). You can choose either one to formulate the passive sentence. Focus on some special occasions. Applying the rules Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice. 1. The city government is building a new community sports centre.
10、A new community sports centre is being built (by the city government). 2. Some workers are painting the walls in the workout rooms. The walls in the workout rooms are being painted (by some workers). 3. People have told me the new workout rooms are very modern. I have been told that the new workout
11、rooms are very modern. Applying the rules 4. Jennys PE teacher has asked her to make an exercise plan. Jenny has been asked to make an exercise plan (by her PE teacher). 5. The teachers are testing students on their knowledge of fitness. Students are being tested on their knowledge of fitness (by th
12、e teachers). Applying the rules Complete the review with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets. I visited the new and improved Community Sports Centre. It looks amazing! It is not open to the public yet, but preparations (1) _ (make) presently for the reopening. are being made Applying the
13、rules Lots of new and modern facilities (2) _ (put) in place. Some of the exercise machines (3) _ (test) by a group of energetic young people now. A whole new range of courses (4) _ (design) for people of all ages, including tai chi and boxing! I tried out the boxing class and I loved it! The coach,
14、 who was a boxing champion, was patient and professional. At the end of the one-hour class, I was sweating all over but felt relaxed. have been put are being tested have been designed Applying the rules Despite all these improvements, I have also found something that still needs to be done: so far n
15、o basketball court (5) _ (build). I love playing basketball and I hope a basketball court will be built in the near future. I am sure it will make the sports centre more popular. has been built Applying the rules In pairs, use the checklist below to role-play the interview. Reporter: Mr Lin, thank y
16、ou for agreeing to this interview. May I ask what has been prepared for the sports meeting? Mr Lin: Well, the date of the sports meeting has been decided: 14 May. Reporter: Thank you for your time, Mr Lin. I hope the school sports meeting will be a great success! Applying the rules Possible version
17、Reporter: Mr Lin, thank you for agreeing to this interview. May I ask what has been prepared for the sports meeting? Mr Lin: Well, the date of the sports meeting has been decided: 14 May. Reporter: What about the location? Mr Lin: The location has been decided. The sports meeting will be held in the
18、 new school sports centre. Applying the rules Reporter: How many sports events will there be for the sports meeting this year? Mr Lin: Last year, we had 30 medal events. Five more are being considered for this year. Reporter: What are the rules for each sport? Mr Lin: They havent been decided yet. R
19、eporter: Has all the equipment been put in place yet? Mr Lin: No. The equipment is being prepared for now. Reporter: Thank you for your time, Mr Lin. I hope the school sports meeting will be a great success! Applying the rules Describe the following pictures with as many sentences with passive voice
20、 in the present continuous or present perfect tenses as possible. Applying the rules 1. Describe a self-chosen situation using as many sentences with passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses as possible. 2. Finish Part C on Page 64 in the workbook. 语法感知 语 法 导 学 感知以下课文原句感知以下
21、课文原句，完成方框下的小题完成方框下的小题 1.Havent your problems been solved? 2.What is being done to the machine? 3.Our facilities have been enlarged and redone. 4.The ink has not been removed from the clothes. 5.The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now. 6.How many buildings have been built in your school? 7
22、.Is the house you bought last month being decorated now? 8.The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool. 9.The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. 1.以上句子中以上句子中，句句2、句句5、句句7、句句8都用都用了了 ，其谓其谓 语构成是语构成是： 。其中句其中句8是现在进行时被动语态是现在进行时被动语态的的_ 句式句式；句；句5是是 句式句式；句；句7是是 句式句式；
23、句；句2是是 句式句式。 2.以上句子中以上句子中，句句1、句句3、句句4、句句6、句句9都用都用了了 ， 其谓语构成是其谓语构成是： ，其中句其中句3和句和句9是该时态是该时态的的 句式句式； 句句4是是 句式句式；句；句1是是 句式句式；句；句6是是 句式句式。 现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态 am/is/arebeingdone 肯定肯定 否定否定 一般疑问一般疑问 特殊疑问特殊疑问 现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态 has/havebeen done 一般疑问一般疑问 特殊疑问特殊疑问 肯定肯定 否定否定 语法精析 一一、现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态 (一
24、一)含义含义 现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强强 调主语是动作的承受者调主语是动作的承受者。 (二二)结构结构 1.肯定式：主语肯定式：主语am/is/arebeing done Some trees are being cut down in the park. 公园里的一些树木正在被砍伐公园里的一些树木正在被砍伐。 2.否定式：主语否定式：主语am/is/arenot being done It is reported that the water in the lake is not being
25、protected now. 据报道据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。 3.一般疑问式：一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are (not)主语主语being done? Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse? 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？ 4.特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词am/is/are(not)主语主语being done? Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest? 为了即将举行的英语演讲
26、比赛为了即将举行的英语演讲比赛，谁正接受训练谁正接受训练？ (三三)用法用法 1.表示说话时正在进行的被动动作表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语等时间状语。 My younger sister is now being interviewed. 我妹妹现在正在接受采访我妹妹现在正在接受采访。 2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行说话时不一定在进行)。 These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear s
27、oon. 以如此速度捕杀动物以如此速度捕杀动物，它们很快就会消失它们很快就会消失。 3.表示一种习惯的被动行为表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与常与always，constantly，often等词连用等词连用，表示表示 有赞赏有赞赏、羡慕羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩讨厌等感情色彩。 I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken. 我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。 4.与某些情态动词连用与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测表示对正
28、在发生的动作的推测。 Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment. 吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。 名师点津名师点津 (1)stay，love，have，want，belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被等一般不用于现在进行时的被 动语态动语态。 (2)“beunder/in等介词名词等介词名词” 结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 The telephone is in use.The telephone is being us
29、ed. 电话正在使用中电话正在使用中。 二二、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态 (一一)结构结构 1.肯定式：主语肯定式：主语have/has been done He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting. 他已被挑选出来参加运动会他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 2.否定式：主语否定式：主语have/has not been done The construction of the bridge has not been finished. 这座桥的建设还没有完成这座桥的建设还没有完成。 3.一般疑问式：一般疑问式：Ha
30、ve/Has主语主语been done? Has the date for the next meeting been decided? 下次会议的日期已决定了吗下次会议的日期已决定了吗？ 4.特殊疑问式：疑问词特殊疑问式：疑问词have/has主语主语been done? How long has the battery not been changed? 电池多久没有更换了电池多久没有更换了？ (二二)用法用法 1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的强调过去的动作对现在造成的 影响或结果影响或结果，通常与通常与alrea
31、dy，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用等副词连用。 The machine has already been repaired. 机器已经被修好了机器已经被修好了。 2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在持续到现在，并可能持续下去并可能持续下去，常常 与与for或或since引导的时间状语连用引导的时间状语连用，或用于或用于“How long.？”句型中句型中。 Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours. 公司的财务问
32、题已被讨论了近两个小时了公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。 How long has this film been shown? 这部电影已放映多长时间了这部电影已放映多长时间了？ 3.用在时间或条件状语从句中用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时即用现在完成时 的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
33、名师点津名师点津 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语： already已经已经 yet 已经已经 recently/lately最近最近 since then从那时起从那时起 ever since自那以来自那以来 ever曾经曾经 so far迄今为止迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间很长一段时间 by now到现在为止到现在为止 in recent years在最近几年里在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里在过去的几年里 三三、注意事项注意事项 1.只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时只带有
34、一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的 主语主语。 His boss has already punished him. He has already been punished (by his boss). 2.带有双宾语的动词带有双宾语的动词，如如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make， sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等等，变为被动语态变为被动语态 时时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变
35、为被动语态的主若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主 语时语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company). A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company). 返 回 .用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 1.These childre
36、n (look) after by an old man now. 2.How many cars (make) in the factory since 1990? 3.Since your work (finish)，you can have a rest now. 4.Many interesting experiments (carry) out these days. 5.More than 100 famous films (show) in the city since July. are being looked have been made has been finished
37、 are being carried have been shown 6.Three new schools (open) in our city in the past five years. 7.Wait a minute.The dishes for the dinner (cook) in the kitchen. 8.They are living with their parents because their own house _ (rebuild). have been opened are being cooked is being rebuilt .完成句子完成句子 9.
38、Im sorry，but the letters yet. 很抱歉很抱歉，这些信件还没有被打印出来这些信件还没有被打印出来。 10.The plan for nearly two hours. 这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。 11.The plan to explore the South Pole these days. 最近正在制订勘探南极的计划最近正在制订勘探南极的计划。 12.Paper money for over one thousand years. 纸币已被使用了纸币已被使用了1,000多年了多年了。 havent been typed has
39、been discussed is being made has been used 13.Because of bad scores，Jimmy by his father at the very moment. 由于成绩不好由于成绩不好，吉米此刻可能正在挨他父亲打吉米此刻可能正在挨他父亲打。 14.The little boy and _ by his teachers. 那个小男孩最近进步很快那个小男孩最近进步很快，总是被他的老师表扬总是被他的老师表扬。 返 回 may be being beaten has made rapid progress recently is always being praised 谢谢
