1、单元达标测评 (满分:120 分;旪间:100 分钟) 第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给癿 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Robert Downey Jr. is famous for being a beloved Hollywood actor, but now he is adding “robotics environmentalist” to his list of good qualities. Earlier this week, the Iron Man acto
2、r went to the Amazon Mars Conference in Las Vegas to announce the creation of his new foundation which would use nanotechnology (纳米技术) and robotics as a means of cleaning up the planet. Downey Jr. did not show many details on how the organization would begin its clean-up job, but a website went live
3、 shortly after the actors announcement.As of right now, the website only includes a sign-up sheet for future newsletters and latest news. But Downey Jr. said that he would be spending the next 11 months working together with UN experts and building up the organization so the group could get to work
4、by April 2020. After that, Downey Jr. said that “Between robotics and nanotechnology we could clean up the planet significantly, if not totally, in ten years.” Downey Jr. also explained how his failure to look after the environment in the past is now inspiring him to take action. “I have this quiet
5、sense of crisis (危机),” he said. “I used to spend a lot of energy on things like plane trips, but I want to change.” Regardless of the actors plan, Downey Jr.s net worth is about $81 millionmore than enough to start tidying up the planet. The Amazon Mars Conference, which stands for “Machine learning
6、, Automation, Robotics and Space”, hosted a lot of speakers who gave lectures on the benefits of artificial intelligence. In addition to announcing the start of his organization, Downey Jr. also talked about how he and his wife Susan would be the managing producers of a new documentary series on the
7、 wonders of AI. 1.Downey Jr. set up the foundation in order to . A.release his newly-made film Iron Man officially B.devote his spare time to environmental protection C.inspire his crazy fans not to damage the environment D.raise enough money to make films with high technology 2.What can be inferred
8、 from the text? A.Downey Jr. founded his organization while making his film. B.Downey Jr. joined in cleaning up the planet ten years ago. C.Downey Jr. regretted not leading a greener life in the past. D.Downey Jr. hosted a live conference on AI on the Internet. 3.Which of the following can best desc
9、ribe Downey Jr. in the text? A.Environmentally friendly. B.Generous. C.Warm-hearted. D.Popular. B “Film” and “movie” often mean the same thing. Either of the words you use may help others guess where you live or are from. First, lets look at the word “film”. One definition of it is the special mater
10、ial used for taking photographs. But you can also see a film in a theatre. Used this way, “film” and “movie” mean the same thing. And as a verb, “to film” means to record something with a video camera. Here is an example: “Do you want me to film the important moment so you can remember it?” Now lets
11、 turn to “movie”. The worda nouncomes from the phrase “moving pictures”. Movies and films are recordings of moving pictures that tell a story. Here are some example sentences with the word “movie”:“Do you want to go to the movies tonight?” “If you go to Hollywood in California, you might see a movie
12、 star.” In the United States,it is common to say “the movies” when you talk about going to a movie theatre. Stephen Follows is a writer, producer and film researcher who lives in England. He wrote that people who work in the film industry use “film” more than “movie”. However, he found people who li
13、ve in the US usually say “movie”, while those in Britain use both. “Film” is still more popular in Europe and parts of Africa, but “movie” is best in America, as well as in Japan and India. So that is why Americans say “English at the movies” rather than “English at the films”! 4.Whats the same mean
14、ing of “film” and “movie”? A.The thing we see in a theatre. B.The actors performance in a film. C.The material used for making a film. D.Recording something with a video camera. 5.What is the third paragraph mainly about? A.The use of the word “movie”. B.The definition of the word “film”. C.The diff
15、erence between “film” and “movie”. D.The places where people use “film” and “movie”. 6.In which place do people prefer using “movie” to using “film” according to the text? A.China. B.France. C.America. D.England. 7.What can be the best title for the text? A.English at the Movies or English at the Fi
16、lms? B.Judge a Persons Identity Just by English Words C.The Difference Between American and British English D.Is “Movie” Older than “Film” in the World? C Rumors (谣言)weve all heard some and weve all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they travel differently bec
17、ause the way we share information has changed. The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally. We dont enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually dont have good intentions. They are somewhat veiled (掩饰癿) messages. Normally rumors are ora
18、l messages: words of mouth. The paradox (悖论) is that there is no evidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish explaining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon t
19、hat human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spread is true. Change: It acts like
20、 a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the first rumor. Another property (属性) of rumors is that they tend to become viral. Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter (传播者) of the information. The receiver often adds his own opinion. His manner and tone of transmitt
21、ing it also change it. How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from communicating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves i
22、f the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person we heard it from whether he also trusts the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor. 8.What can we learn about rumors? A.We have all heard some and believed them. B.Were happy
23、to be the receiving end of them. C.They may have negative influence on society. D.They often hide good intentions in the messages. 9.How are rumors like a tree? A.Rumors keep changing, just as trees change their colors. B.Rumors are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth. C.New rumor
24、s have gaps, like the space between tree branches. D.New rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk. 10.What does the underlined word “viral” in Para.4 probably mean? A.Easily spread. B.Acceptable. C.Easily defended. D.Beneficial. 11.Which of the following may the author agree? A.
25、It is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors. B.People are often active in judging the rumors critically. C.We should think about the hidden messages of the rumors. D.Stories told by the victors are usually more worth trusting. D Nature is like a great magician, performing wonders on Earth. On
26、e of them is the Amazon rainforest, the worlds largest and home to millions of plants and animals. Nicknamed “the lungs of our planet”, it generates about one-fifth of Earths oxygen. However, this wonderful natural wonder is currently in danger. Thousands of fires have broken out in Brazil,endangeri
27、ng much of the rainforest. These blazes(火 灾)have lasted several weeks and are believed to be the “most intense” in almost a decade, according to BBC News. The Amazon has seen a large number of fires in 2019. Between January and August, there were over 74,000 firesthe highest number since 2013, accor
28、ding to the BBC. Forest fires are common during the dry season, which runs from July to October. They are usually caused by natural events, such as lightning strikes. However, most of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture
29、 to clean land, according to the CNN. The disaster has raised concern around the world. The Amazon rainforest is important for preventing climate change, as the BBC said, absorbing millions of tons of carbon dioxide annually. When trees are cut down or burned, the rainforests capacity(能力)to absorb c
30、arbon dioxide is reduced. Brazilian climate expert Carlos Nobre tells Reuters hes worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is destroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a “tipping point (临界点)” where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah (大草原). Nobre warns that it is not far
31、off, with between 15 and 17 percent of the rainforest having already been destroyed. The Brazilian government has sent soldiers to fight the fires. Many people have offered their support and called for recovery efforts. For example, Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said he wanted to donate money and US Actor
32、 Leonardo DiCaprios environmental charity, Earth Alliance, created a donation fund to help deal with the crisis. The public are also encouraged to donate to charities concerned with rainforest preservation(保护). “Every little bit helps in a tragic situation like this,” commented Gizmodo. 12.The under
33、lined word “intense” in Para.2 probably means . A.natural B.fierce C.common D.unexpected 13.What is the main cause of forest fires in the Amazon rainforest this year? A.Lightning strikes. B.Hot weather. C.Agricultural activities. D.Garbage left by tourists. 14.What is Nobre worried about in the arti
34、cle? A.Global temperatures will rise. B.The Amazon rainforest is close to disappearing. C.Animals in the Amazon rainforest are under threat. D.It will take decades for the Amazon rainforest to recover. 15.What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A.What the Brazilian government has done to figh
35、t fires. B.Celebrities who care about rainforest preservation. C.The possible future of the Amazon rainforest. D.Efforts made to save the Amazon rainforest. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后癿选项中选出可以填入空白处癿最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are five factors which contribute to the spread of fake news:p
36、olitical gain, misreporting, going viral(病毒式传播), financial gain and “not letting the truth get in the way of a good story”. 16 When the Titanic disaster happened, telegrams stating that all the passengers from the Titanic had been rescued were reported as facts in newspapers, before the full extent
37、of the tragedy came to light. 17 In the early 20th century it took years rather than seconds but the principle was the same. People shared the photographs around, not checking the accuracy of them, either wanting to believe they were real, or just because they were a novelty. Its long been believed
38、that the motto of Fleet Street is “Never let the facts get in the way of a good story”, illustrated by a news story earlier in 2017 that Jeremy Corbyn had refused to bow his head to the Queen at the State Opening of Parliament. Only later did it become known that protocol(礼节) doesnt require bowing t
39、o the Queen in these situations. 18 The final two factors for a story to be fake news often go hand in hand: as a political tool, and a must to make profits. 19 Easier than youd think. The websites with fake news can easily get astonishing hits, which then attract advertisements and thus earn the we
40、bsite owners a nice profit. The good news is that a number of new media organizations are trying to encourage us to think about where news comes from, who puts it out, and whether anyone can politically, financially or ideologically gain from it, before we share it around social media. 20 A.How does
41、 that make money? B.How do people gain politically? C.But that didnt matterthe story was out. D.Here is a good example of misreporting. E.That was how a good story came into being. F.Going viral is another typical characteristic of fake news. G.Thus we can give it certain respectability and trustwor
42、thiness. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给癿 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处癿最佳选项。 Three brothers left home for college, and they all became successful people. Some years later, they got together again. While having dinner, they 21 for a long time. They discu
43、ssed the 22 they had given their elderly mother who lived far away in another city. The oldest said, “I had a 23 house built for Mama.” The second said, “I had my Mercedes-Benz dealer (奔驰绉销商) send a 24 to her.” The youngest said,“You know 25 Mama loves reading poems and you know she cant read any mo
44、re because she cant 26 very well. I met a businessman who has a parrot that can recite many 27 . It took him 12 years to 28 it to speak and he earns his living by renting it out. I have to pay him $100,000 a year for twenty years, 29 it is worth it.” Two weeks later, their mother sent out her thank-
45、you notes, which read, “Milton, the house you built is so huge. I only live in one room, but I have to clean the whole house. Its a (an) 30 job. Thanks anyway.”“Marvin, I am too old to 31 . I stay home and have others work for me, so Ill 32 use the car. The 33 is good, although not realistic. Thanks
46、.” “Dearest Melvin, you are the 34 son to have the good sense to give a little thought to your gift. The chicken tasted so 35 . I liked it very much. Thank you.” 21.A.fought B.studied C.talked D.slept 22.A.chances B.gifts C.wishes D.challenges 23.A.big B.warm C.safe D.lonely 24.A.book B.bike C.car D
47、.bag 25.A.how B.what C.why D.when 26.A.listen B.feel C.see D.walk 27.A.stories B.poems C.words D.lyrics 28.A.protect B.beat C.raise D.train 29.A.but B.so C.unless D.although 30.A.enjoyable B.tiring C.delightful D.amusing 31.A.learn B.work C.exercise D.drive 32.A.never B.often C.regularly D.sometimes
48、 33.A.future B.idea C.hobby D.program 34.A.same B.last C.only D.next 35.A.strange B.unpleasant C.terrible D.delicious 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当癿单词戒括号内单词癿正确形式。 English is now the first language of about 400 million people, the mother language of 12 countries and the official
49、language of one-fifth of the land area of the world, 36 means one 37 every seven people in the world speaks English. More and more people have found it important 38 (learn) English well in recent years. In Italy, for example, English is a must for many technical jobs. In China, English is the 39 (im
50、portant) foreign language that is learned at school. The English language has never stopped changing. It always borrows words and phrases from other cultures to enlarge 40 (it) vocabulary. 41 (actual), modern English is quite different from what 42 (use) hundreds of years ago. English is so widely u
