2022年人教版七年级下册英语寒假全套讲义.docx

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1、定制教育,让学习更快乐! 1 目 录 第一讲第一讲名词名词.2.2 第二讲第二讲代词代词.8.8 第三讲第三讲数词数词.20.20 第四讲第四讲冠词冠词+ +介词介词.27.27 第五讲第五讲一般现在时一般现在时.34.34 第六讲第六讲一般疑问句和特殊疑问句一般疑问句和特殊疑问句.40.40 第七讲第七讲阶段测试阶段测试.45.45 第八讲第八讲七下七下 UnitUnit 1 1 SectionSection A.53A.53 第九讲第九讲七下七下 UnitUnit 1 1 SectionSection B.61B.61 第十讲第十讲七下七下 UnitUnit 2 2 SectionSect

2、ion A.6A.66 6 第十一讲第十一讲七下七下 UnitUnit 2 2 SectionSection B.71B.71 第十二讲第十二讲七下七下 UnitUnit 3 3 SectionSection A.77A.77 第十三讲第十三讲七下七下 UnitUnit 3 3 SectionSection B.85B.85 第十四讲第十四讲七下入学考真题讲解七下入学考真题讲解.91.91 第十五讲第十五讲期末考试期末考试 .98.98 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 2 第一讲 名词 一、名词的定义:一、名词的定义:人、事物、抽象概念的名称。 二、名词的分类二、名词的分类 类别意义例词 专有名词表

3、示人、地方、组织机构或事物等的专 有名词 Lu Xun, China, Changsha, WTO 普 通 名 词 可数名词个体名词表示一类人或物的个体apple, pencil, doctor,teacher 集体名词表示一群人或一类物的集合体people, family, team, class 不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物air, sand, water, rain 抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概 念 peace, friendship, happiness 三、名词的数三、名词的数 名词分为可数和不可数名词。物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词,它们只有单数形式

4、;个体名名词分为可数和不可数名词。物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词,它们只有单数形式;个体名 词和集体名词一般是可数名词,通常有单数和复数两种形式。词和集体名词一般是可数名词,通常有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 单数变复数的规则 情况构成方法例词 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 3 一般情况直接加 smap-maps / bag-bags / car-_ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变 y 为 i,再加 esbaby-babies / family-_ 以 s, sh, ch, x 等结尾直接加 esbus-buses / watch-_ 以 f 或 fe 结尾变 f 或 fe 为 veswife-wi

5、ves / knife-_ 部分以 o 结尾的有生命名词加 eshero-heroes / tomato-_ 【注】 ch 读/k/时,其复数形式应加 s,如 stomachs(胃,腹部) 常见的以 o 结尾要加 es 的有如下几个:hero, Negro, tomato, potato, mango,可记为“黑人英雄爱 吃两菜一果” 。 以 f 或 fe 结尾变 f 或 fe 为 ves 的词有如下: 妻子拿刀去宰狼,小偷吓得着发了慌,躲进架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。 2. 不规则复数形式 构成方法例词 a 变 eman-men, woman-_, policeman-_, Frenchma

6、n-_ oo 变 eetooth-teeth, foot-_, goose-_ ouse 变为 icemouse-mice, louse-_ 词尾加 renchild-children 单复数同形Fish,deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese 【注】 man,woman 作定语修饰别的名词时,要把 man,woman 和其他部分都变成复数,如 man teacher men teachers,woman doctor - _; 不规则复数形式的记忆口诀: 男女警察英法人,都是将 man 变成 men。 脚、牙 oo 变 ee,child 加上 ren。 鱼鹿绵羊是一家,

7、单变复时不变化。 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 4 趁热打铁趁热打铁 找出下列笑话中的可数名词,并写出其复数形式: In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, thats true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!” 3.“某国人”的复数形式 “中日不变英法变,其

8、余 s 加后边” 国家名国籍单数复数 China中国人a Chinesetwo Chinese Japan日本人a Japanesetwo Japanese England英国人an Englishmantwo Englishmen France法国人a Frenchmantwo Frenchmen Australia澳大利亚人anAustraliantwo Australians Russia俄国人a Russiantwo Russians Italy意大利人an Italiantwo Italians Greece希腊人a Greektwo Greeks America美国人an Amer

9、icantwo Americans India印度人an Indiantwo Indians Canada加拿大人a Canadiantwo Canadians Germany德国人a Germanstwo Germans Sweden瑞典人a Swedetwo Swedes 一写出下列名词的复数形式。 1.watch_2.class_3.shelf_ 4.dog_5.dish_6.child_ 7.nurse_8.desk_9.boy_ 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 5 10.baby_11.tooth_12.eye_ 13.sheep_14.tomato_15.Chinese_ 16.goos

10、e_17.photo_18.Frenchman_ 19.box20.mango21.wife 22.fish23.deer24.Swiss 25.hero26.negro27.potato 28.mouse29.ox30.German 二找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式: homework _half _advice_money _knowledge _ boot _music _chicken _ mouth _bread _ information _milk _cow _orange _water _ 4. 可数名词与不可数名词的概数表达 只能修饰可数名词few,

11、a few, quite a few, many, too many, a (large) number of. 只能修饰不可数名词little, a little, quite a little, much, too much, an amount of, a large amount of, huge amounts of, a great deal of. 可数名词与不可数名词 皆可修饰 some, any, lots of, a lot of , plenty of, two hundred/thousand/million, hundreds/thousands/millions o

12、f, a/an/基数词+量词(s)+of 四、名词所有格四、名词所有格 在英语中,特别是表示有生命的名词,可以加在英语中,特别是表示有生命的名词,可以加s 表示所属关系,名词的这种形式我们称之为名词的所表示所属关系,名词的这种形式我们称之为名词的所 有格。有格。 1. 有生命的名词所有格 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 6 (1)单数名词的所有格加s。如: Mothers Day_the little girls doll_ (2)以 s 结尾的复数名词所有格只加 。如: TeachersDay_the studentsbooks_ (3)姓氏以 s 结尾,也可直接加。如: Jonesoffice

13、琼斯的办公室 (4)不规则的复数名词变所有格加s。如: childrens books 儿童读物Womens Day_ (5)表示两人共有时,只在最后一个名词后加s。如: 莉莉和露西的爸爸_约翰和玛丽的课桌_ (6)表示两人各自所有时,则两个专有名词都要用所有格形式,而且后面所修饰的名词要用复数形式。如: 王林的爸爸和李坤的爸爸_ 露西的房间和莉莉的房间_ 2. 无生命的名词所有格 (1)无生命的名词所有格常用 of 结构表示,如: the leg of the table _the cover of the book _ (2)表示国家、时间、距离、重量和价值等的名词通过词尾变化表示所有,如

14、: Chinas future_todays newspaper_ 十分钟的路程_两周的假期_ 3. 双重所有格 双重所有格就是将 of 结构与s 结构或名词性物主代词一起使用,如: a friend of Toms _a friend of mine _ 4. 表示住宅、办公室或店铺的名词所有格后面一般省略它所修饰的名词,如: at Johns (home) _at the doctors (office) _ at the barbers (shop) _ 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 7 名词所有格练习:名词所有格练习: 1. _(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.

15、2. This is _(我妹妹的语文书) 3. _(John 和 Sally 的母亲) are American. 4. _(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager. 5. Is this _(你的好朋友的钢笔) ? 6. They are _(Peter 和 Sam 的老师). 7. _(教师节) is on September 10th . 8. _(学生们的桌椅) are very new. 9. We are very happy on _(儿童节). 10. _(赵敏的鞋) are white. 课 语 堂 法 练 练 习 习 一、选择填空 1The deer h

16、as four _. A. footsB. feetC. feets 2Her two brothers are both _. A. policemanB. policemansC. policemen 3There are four _ and two _ in the group. A. Japanese, GermenB. Japaneses, GermenC. Japanese, Germans 4Two _ would come to the village. 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 8 A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctor

17、s 5Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. deerB. dogC. pig 6The _ has two _. A. boys, watchesB. boy, watchC. boy, watches 7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed. A. toothB. toothsC. teeth 8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A. womanB. womenC. man 9There are

18、lots of _ in the basket on the table. A. tomatosB. tomatoC. tomatoes 10. The cat caught two _ last night. A. mousesB. miceC. mouse 11.Professor Louise gave us some_ on reading English newspapers. A. suggestionB. tipC. advice 12.The farmers in that village raise a lot of _ and make much money every y

19、ear. A. duckB. sheepC. horse 13.They got much important _for their survey from those new books. A. ideasB. informationC. stories 14.There is no enough _ in the corner to put the round table. A. groundB. placesC. room 15.They are those _ bags. Please put them on the bus. 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 9 A. visitorB. v

20、isitorsC. visitors 二、填空题 1. There are _(58 个学生)in our class. 2. There are _(22 个孩子) in the room. 3. I can see _(六杯茶) on the table. 4. There are _(44 位女老师) in her school. 5. We can see _(18 个妇女) over there. 6. _(多少幅画) are there in you bedroom? 7. I have _(3 本字典). 8. Our school has _(2 个图书馆) . 9. Ther

21、e are _(12 个月) in a year. 10. There are _(13 辆公共汽车) on the street. 三、完型填空: Hi, my name is Eric. My1name is Li Mobai. I am an English boy. I2in China with my parents now. Im tall and strong. I have short brown hair. Now, I3in No. 1 Middle School in Shanghai. I am in Class1, Grade7. Im the class monit

22、or. I can 4Chinese very well. I5maths and music, too. Im a member of the Music Club. I like6 Chinese songs. Zhang Jie is my favourite star. I like sports very much. At weekends, I often play7table tennis and basketball with my parents.8we go swimming. I have many good friends at school. I often9them

23、 study English after school. So they think Im a(n) 10boy. They all like me very much. Do you like me? Do you want to make friends with me? 1.A. EnglishB. ChineseC. given 2.A. likeB. enjoyC. live 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 10 3.A. workB. studyC. play 4.A. speakB. talkC. say 5.A. am good atB. are good atC. am bad f

24、or 6.A. dancingB. listeningC. singing 7.A. /B. aC. the 8.A. NeverB.AlwaysC. Sometimes 9.A. knowB. helpC. meet 10.A. importantB. kindC. special 四、翻译: Summer vacation is coming. Do you want to visit some famous places? If you want to take a trip on your holiday, you must be ready for it. First, it is

25、good for you to go with some friends. 1.Because friends can share the fun with you. Second, you should know about the place you want to go. 2.知道那里的天气是重要的。You should take a map with you so that you may not get lost. Last, you should be careful. You should only drink safe water. If your trip is in the

26、 summer, you should drink lots of safe water. 3.You also need to wear a hat and a pair of sunglasses.And you shouldnt stay in the sun too long. 4.不要去危险的地方。 Safety comes first. If you like to swim, remember not to swim alone.5.Wish you to have a good trip! 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 第二讲 代词 .人称、物主、反身代词人

27、称、物主、反身代词 一、人称代词一、人称代词 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 11 表示我、你、他/她/它、我们、你们、他们/她们/它们的词叫人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。 单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格 第一人称Imeweus 第二人称youyouyouyou 第三人称he/she/ithim/her/ittheythem 【注意】【注意】 人称代词主格在句中作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语 He sits in front of me. I often help him.他坐在我前面。我经常帮助她。 在英语中出现多个人称代词时,单数按照你、他、我的顺序排列,即 you,he/she(him/

28、her)and I/me;复 数按照“我们”“你们”“他们”的顺序排列,即 we/us, you and they/them. You,he and I will work together.你、我和他将在一起工作。 一、选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother.2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark.4. Whats(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I).6.Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben

29、.8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you).10. How old is(he / his)? 二、用单词正确形式填空。 1.Let _ (I) help _ (you).2.Let _ (we) go. 3.(I) _ are students.4.I cant find _ (they). 数 格 人 称 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 12 5.Give _ (he) the book. 二、二、物主代词物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词,物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,物主代词有人称和 数的变化。 数 人称

30、 类别 单数复数 我的你的他/她/它的我们的你们的他们的/她们的/它们的 形容词性物主代词myyourhis,her,itsouryourtheir 名词性物主代词mineyourshis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs 【注意】【注意】 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只作定语,其后必须跟名词。 My son usually does his homework after dinner every day.我儿子通常每天晚饭后做作业。 名词性物主代词相当于名词,可以作主语、宾语、表语等,其后不可跟名词。 These are their new books. Ours are o

31、ver there. 这些是他们的新书。我们的(新书)在那边。 I left my dictionary at home. May I use yours?我的词典忘在家里了。我可以用一下你的吗? 名词前有了形容词性物主代词时,不能再加冠词、指示代词等限定词。 ()my mobile phone() my a mobile phone()a my mobile phone ()her book() this her book()her this book 名词+of+名词性物主代词,表示双重所有关系。 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 13 I met a friend of mine at the

32、airport yesterday.昨天我在机场遇见了我的一个朋友。 形容词性物主代词+own 或名词+of +ones own,表示强调“属于自己的”。 I wont believe it until I see it with my own eyes.直到我自己亲眼看到我才会相信它。 We have a car of our own.我们有自己的小汽车。 用单词正确形式填空。用单词正确形式填空。 1. They are _ parents. (he) 2.Your school is newer(更新) than(比) _ . (she) 3. _ classroom is bright(

33、明亮).(I ) 4. He is _ father . (Bob) 5. Thank you for helping _(I ). 6.This isnt _pen. _ is over there. (she) 7._ school is far away from (远离) _ home. (he) 8.Miss Gao teaches _ English at school. (we) 9.I need a new schoolbag, so _ mother buys one for _. (I) 10.This is not my dictionary. This is _ (sh

34、e). 11.This book is not _(he) 12. Look at _ mouth. (I ) 三、反身代词三、反身代词 表示“我(们)自己” “你(们)自己” “他、她、它(们)自己” 。反身代词由人称代词或物主代词+self 或+selves 构成。其中单数+self,复数+selves。 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 14 数 人称 单数复数 第一人称myselfourselves 第二人称yourselfyourselves 第三人称himself, herself, itselfthemselves 【注意】【注意】 反身代词与它指代的名词或代词是互指关系,在人称、数、性

35、别上保持一致。 Youd better take good care of yourself.你最好照顾好你自己。 反身代词常跟在 for、of、by 等介词后,构成固定短语。 I worked out the problem by myself.我独自解出了这道题。 The wolf decided to see what happened for himself. 狼决定亲自去看看发生了什么事。 The computer can shut off of itself. 这台计算机会自动关机。 含反身代词的常用短语 say to oneself 心里想help oneself to 随便吃t

36、each oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴dress oneself 自己穿衣服by oneself 独自地 Help yourselves to some cakes, boys.孩子们,随便吃些蛋糕。 练习:按要求写出下列代词的形式练习:按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)_2、he(形容词性物主代词)_ 3、 us(主格)_4、they(宾格)_ 5、she(宾格)_6、you(名词性物主代词)_ 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 15 7、it(宾格)_8、my(复数)_ 9、him(复数)_10、she(形容词性物主代词)_ 11、we(单数)_12、they(

37、名词性物主代词)_ 13、I(反身代词)_14、you(反身代词)_ 15、she(反身代词)_16、he(反身代词)_ 17、it(反身代词)_18、I(反身代词)_ .不定代词不定代词 一、一、other、the other、others、the others、another、the rest 的用法及区别的用法及区别 other另外;其他 常与复数名词连用,若前面有 the, some, any, each, every, no, my 等,则可与单数名词连用。 Are there any other questions? the other 两者中的另 一个 常与 one 连用, 构成

38、 one.the other.的结构, 表示“一个, 另一个”; 后接名词单复数均可, 特指“其他的”; the other+ 可数名词复数= the others He has two daughters. One is a nurse, and the other is a worker. others别的人或物 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),后不可不可接名词,可构成 some.others.的结构,表示“有的,有的” Some boys are reading and others are listening to the radio. the others 其余所有的 人或物 特指在一

39、个整体中剩余的全部。 There are forty students in our class. Thirty of us come to school by bike, and the others all work to school. another另一个,指三者或三者以上中的任何一个一个,另一个,可代替或后 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 16 任何一个接单数可数名词。 I dont like this one. Please give me another one. the rest 剩余部分, 其余 指代可数名词或不可数名词。 I have done much of the work.

40、 Could you please finish the rest in two days? 二、二、either both neither; any all none 比较比较 两者三者及以上 肯定(修饰单数)eitherany 肯定(修饰复数)bothall 否定(修饰复数)neithernone 【注意】【注意】解题时需注意: 1. 找范围(两者 or 三者) ; 2. 找所修饰名词的单复数; 3. 找谓语动词的单复数; 4. 注意隐藏的范围信息; 5. 句意理解也重要; 6. either/neither 做连词时,就近原则。 例题一:例题一:选择选择either,both,neith

41、er,any,all ,none填空填空 1. There are trees on _ sides of the street. 2. There are some pictures on the wall. _ of them is beautiful. 3. _ of the three bus lines will take you to the school. 4. -Will you pass me the dictionary?-Sorry, I cant now, because _ my hands are dirty. 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 17 5. I dont t

42、hink _ of them is at home. 6. Both Mr. Liu _ Mr. Wang _ (like) playing computer games. 7. Neither she _ I _ (like) dancing. 8. Neither your parents _ your brother _ (love) you. 9. Either you _ your classmates _ (get) the position. 10. -Which do you prefer, red or pink?-_ of them, Id like a light blu

43、e. 三、三、little 和和 a little;few 和和 a few 可数不可数 肯定a fewa little 肯定fewlittle 【举例】【举例】 在与 only, still, just, quite 连用时用肯定形式,即 a few, a little. - How much time do we have?- Only _. A. a fewB. littleC. a littleD. a lot 四、四、some Some. the others; 否定句 (1) 用于疑问句 肯定句 (修饰可数名词单数,表“任何一个”) 1. adj. any(2) 可数名词 isB.

44、 Two fifth; isC. Two fifths; are (4)序数词在名词的前面经常作定语修饰名词,但是当名词的前面已经有了物主代词的时候,序数词的前 面不再用定冠词 the。 例如:_. 这是我的第三个问题。 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 33 (5)序数词前加不定冠词 a/an,表示“再一;又一”的意思。 例如:_ 请再试一次。 (6)表示“日期”,“年”用基数词,“日”用序数词。 1949 年 10 月 1 日 写作:Oct. 1st, 1949 读作:Oct. (the) first, nineteen forty-nine 2019 年 5 月 28 日 写作:_ 读作:Feb

45、ruary, (the) twenty-eighth, two thousand and seventeen 序数词读写表:序数词读写表: 序数词序数词 100以下的基本序数词以下的基本序数词100以上的基本序数词以上的基本序数词 110111920293090 100thone hundredth 1000thone thousandth 1,000,000thone millionth 1,000,000,000th one billionth 1stfirst11theleventh20thtwentieth30ththirtieth 2ndsecond12thtwelfth21sttw

46、enty-first40thfortieth 3rdthird13ththirteenth22nd twenty-second50thfiftieth 4thfourth14thfourteenth23rdtwenty-third60thsixtieth 5thfifth15thfifteenth24thtwenty-forth70thseventieth 6thsixth16thsixteenth25thtwenty-fifth80theightieth 7thseventh17thseventeenth26thtwenty-sixth90thninetieth 8theighth18the

47、ighteenth27thtwenty-seventh 9thninth19thnineteenth28thtwenty-eighth 10th tenth29thtwenty-ninth 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 34 课 语 堂 法 练 练 习 习 序数词记忆口诀:序数词记忆口诀: 一,二,三特殊记,词尾分别 t,d,d(first,second,third.) 八去 t,九去 e,f 来把 ve 去。 以 y 结尾变 ie,后跟 th 莫忘记。 若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。 一单选单选 1.- Which class are they in?-They are in_. A. Gra

48、de One , Class TwoB. Class Two, Grade OneC. class two, grade one 2. Now children, turn to page _ and look at the _ picture in Lesson Two. A. twentieth; oneB. twenty; oneC. twenty; first 3. When is your mothers birthday?- Its _. A. March ninethB. July thirty-thirdC. February 7th 4.- Whats four and fi

49、ve?- Its_. A. twoB. oneC. nine 5. The girl is _, today is her _ birthday. A. twelfth; twelfthB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelve 6Basketball is so exciting that _ people play it for fun. A. millionB. two millionsC. millions of 7. Tom is a middle school student. How old is he? _. A. ThirteenB. Thirt

50、eenthC. Thirty 8. How many friends will come to your _birthday?About_. A. fifteen; fifteenB. fifteenth; fifteenthC. fifteenth; fifteen 定制教育,让学习更快乐! 35 9. Sunday is the _ day of a week. A. secondB. twoC. first 10. Mr Smith stayed in _ last night. A. Room 403B. the Room 403C. the 403 room 11.Jenny was

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