1、 1 / 11 2021 北京海淀高三二模 英 语 2021.05 本试卷共 8页,100 分。考试时长 90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将 本试卷和答题纸一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节,30 分) 第一节完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Jeremy can no longer read, drive a car or even recognize faces. But the 20-year-old, who lo
2、st his central vision two years ago, can 1 hit a small white ball into a slightly larger hole from a considerable distance. Jeremy was diagnosed with an extremely rare disease called LHON. Faced with the onset of blindness, Jeremy admits he 2 into depression for a couple of months and feared hed nev
3、er play golf again. One day on TV he saw a guy crying bitterly who had just lost his family when a plane crashed down on his house. Jeremy thought, If this guy can make it through this, then I can 3 having no central vision That became his motto： Things could be 4 .” So six months after losing his s
4、ight, Jeremy decided to 5 his golf club again. He had played every Sunday since the age of twelve with his Dad Lionel. Blind golf brought them even closer because, unlike the regular version of the sport, its a 6 game. Lionel acts as his sons sighted coach on the course. He 7 the hole and hazards(障碍
5、).Then he points in the direction, while Jeremy places his chin on his dads shoulder to get a_8_ of the correct position. They played together and won the World Blind Golf Championship. Besides, Jeremy has been collecting money and raising 9 of LHON with sponsored bike rides, half-marathons and even
6、 sky dives. “Thats the greater 10 of my doing anything,” he told CNN. 1. A. casually B. seriously C. successfully D. accidentally 2. A. ran B. looked C. slipped D. burst 3. A avoid B. suffer C. escape D. survive 4. A. funnier B. worse C. simpler D. crazier 5. A. look for B. show off C. pick up D. de
7、al with 6. A. team B. class C. mind D. strength 7. A. clears B. measures C. discovers D. describes 8. A. sense B. sign C. view D. mark 9. A. levels B. awareness C. standards D. spirit 10. A. challenge B. opportunity C. potential D. purpose 2 / 11 第二节语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分) 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给
8、提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括 号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning as northern China 11 (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade. Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8a.m., according to data from the citys environmental monitory center
9、, as visibility was reduced to 12 (little) than 1,000 meters in parts of the city. The city s weather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out 13 the sandstorm came into being. B Speaking of map apps, some users have found that they are usef
10、ul for more than just_ 14_(find) ones way. One man, San Franciscos Lenny Maughan, uses them to make works of art. Lenny runs everywhere he can. 15 he goes, he tracks his progress by using an app, such as Map MyRun or Strava. As he runs, the app traces a line along the path he follows. So, to make hi
11、s runs more fun, Lenny decided to run 16 patterns that would create amazing images. To date, he has shared runs that have turned into images of a heart, a portrait of artist Frida Kahlo, and more. C In 2016, I unpacked my luggage at a newly constructed New York hotel only to realize that I _17_(forg
12、et) my toothpaste. I called room service, and an 18 (energy) voice responded, Someone will bring it right up. Two minutes later, I opened my door only to discover an object resembling a trash can on wheels, 19 (equip) with a lid, a large button and a small digital screen. I cautiously pushed the but
13、ton and the lid opened, revealing a toothpaste tube. The digital display flashed “Thank you.” The robotic visitor then turned around and rolled away. Before it disappeared, I snapped a photo, sending is to a friend, 20 later responded, “Wow, so cool!” 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,38 分) 第一节(共 14小题;每小题 2 分,共 28 分) 阅
14、读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Aubrey is a FedEx driver who has made regular delivery stops in a rural neighborhood in Indiana. During her stops there, she would see an 11-year-old boy, Elijah, playing basketball with an old and rusty bent hoop It was crazy to me how happy he was wi
15、th the broken hoop. Every time I saw him, he was so joyful playing basketball. Seeing him so happy stuck with me, said Aubrey. The FedEx driver thought about Elijah many times over the months, and decided that she wanted to bless him in a special way. “I just wouldnt stop thinking about it. I really
16、 wanted to get him a hoop. He deserves it.” 3 / 11 Aubrey went out and bought a new basketball hoop and installed it when the family wasnt home. She left a note that read： Just wanted you and your son to have the best hoop thatll grow with him and all his friends.” She signed herself “just one of th
17、e FedEx drivers in the area.” “I read the note, and the moment I realized who it was from, I started to cry,” said Coledo, Elijahs mom. When Elijah came home and I showed it to him, he got really emotional. He got teary-eyed but hes an 11-year-old boy, so he really didnt want to admit he was crying,
18、 laughed Coledo. “He just sat there for 10 minutes staring at the hoop until it really touched him that she went out of her way to do something just for him.” Aubrey had no idea how much her surprise gift had impacted Elijah and his family. They all had gone through a difficult year with Coledos hus
19、band suffering a serious injury, and Coledo crashing her car. Its just been a hard year. Were so humbled and grateful she would do this for us. This has been a huge thing for us,” said Coledo. When Aubrey made another FedEx delivery to their neighborhood, Elijah saw her, ran to her and hugged her. E
20、lijah also gave Aubrey a card he made for her. And he invited her to play a game of basketball with him and his younger brother. “It was almost like wed always known each other. I really bonded with the boys,” said Aubrey. “Im just really happy they know that someone is out there for them.” 21. Aubr
21、ey bought Elijah a new basketball hoop because . A. she wanted to make a friend using a surprise gift B. she was eager to donate to children in the rural area C. she was impressed by Elijah s passion for basketball D. she thought Elijah was unhappy with the broken hoop 22. How did the family feel wh
22、en they saw the new hoop? A. Touched B. Satisfied C. Relaxed D. Honored 23. What influence did Aubrey s gift have on Elijah and his family? A. It helped Elijah achieve his dream. B. It reduced the familys financial burden. C. It gave the family warmth at a difficult time. D. It encouraged Elijah to
23、bond with the other boys. B Walking Water Science Experiment for Kids Lets get set up for walking water with a few quick and easy steps the kids can definitely be a part of! We used test tubes for three sets of primary colors. You can use less as long as you have enough to go around with all the col
24、ors mixing. First, add red, yellow, and blue food coloring (one color per test tube) in order. Give each test tube a little stir 4 / 11 (搅拌) to evenly distribute the color. Try to put the same amount of food coloring in each container. Cut thin strips of white paper towel to fit in the test tubes. P
25、lace them into the test tubes. There will be two ends in each tube. Wait and watch what happens. At this point, you can set up a stopwatch to make notes of how long it takes for the colors to meet and mix。 Before you insert the strips, you have the perfect opportunity to make some predictions about
26、what will happen. Have your kids come up with a prediction for their experiment? Will the water walk? You can start the conversation with What do you think will happen when we put the towels into the water?” The whole process starts pretty quickly, but it does take a while for the colors to begin to
27、 mix with each other. Extend the science activity： pull out the watercolors and do some color mixing art while you wait. Make sure to check on your walking water science experiment every once in a while to see the changes that are constantly taking place. The kids will be amazed at how the water see
28、ms to fight against gravity! As the paper towels absorb the colored water, the water travels up the towel strip. It meets up with the other colored water that has traveled up the neighboring strip. Where the primary colors interact, they turn into the secondary colors. Both colors will continue to t
29、ravel as long as the towel fibers absorb the water. The experiment is colorful and simple to do! Plus, it is interesting for multiple ages. Older kids should be able to set it up all by themselves and can also use our science journal page to record their results. 24. What materials are needed for th
30、e experiment? A. Test tubes, food coloring and paper towel. B. Drinking water, test tubes and a notebook. C. Food coloring, water cups and a paper cutter. D. Mixed colors, towel strips and food containers. 25. In the experiment, youre expected to . A. add three colors into each container B. set up a
31、 stopwatch from the beginning C. put colorful towel strips in the test tubes D. stir each test tube to make the color even 26. Water in the test tubes can walk because . A. food coloring has the power to take in water B. towel fibers absorb water and allow it to travel C. water flows naturally under
32、 the influence of gravity D. colors interact with each other and thus travel easily C For todays increasingly interconnected food supply chains, “efficient” is what its supposed to be： Each country specializes in what its best at and puts it on the global market. Producers and processors within coun
33、tries specialize, too, as a way to minimize costs. As a result, at least in theory, prices stay low, the world gets fed and everyone wins. However, the coronavirus crisis demonstrates what is wrong with this approach. When barriers prevent food from reaching its markets, or demand suddenly dropsboth
34、 of which are happening nowthe system falls apart. 5 / 11 Specialization of the food system makes it hard to shift into different markets when disruptions arise. Belgium, a leading exporter of potatoes, lost sales not only to local restaurants but also to other countries because of lockdowns(封锁). At
35、 least the Belgians can try to eat the potatoes at home. That strategy wont work for every crop： Ghana, the worlds top cocoa exporter, lost markets when people started focusing on buying essential items instead of chocolate. The loss in export income in Africa more generally could have a huge impact
36、 if the pandemic continues, as many countries there rely heavily on imported wheat and rice. The prices of these grains have soared not only because of rising demand for these grains during the crisis, but also because a few countriesincluding Russia and Vietnamimposed export restrictions out of fea
37、r that sending food abroad would lead to higher prices at home. Concentrated markets dominated by just a handful of companies heighten food system fragility. For example, just three meatpacking plants process over 95 percent of Canadas beef and nearly all of its beef exports. Now, those meat process
38、ing plants have had to temporarily shut down because of outbreaks of COVID-19 among workers. Seeing the spoiled products across the world should force all of us to rethink our efficient” food supplies. We need to rejuvenate(使恢复活力) local and regional food systems to reduce the vulnerabilities that co
39、me with being too reliant on imported and corporate-dominated foods. This doesnt mean cutting off all trade or abolishing all packaged foods, but it does mean building diversity, and increasing opportunities for small and medium-scale enterprises to flourish in shorter, more sustainable food supply
40、chains that are closer to home. One place to start is for governments to shift their support from the large-scale, specialized and export-oriented food system to building infrastructure for more diverse local food systems. Around the world .small-scale and organic producers have been overwhelmed wit
41、h the surge in interest from customers who want to buy directly from farmers during the crisis. But these producers often lack the infrastructure to meet that demand. As governments around the world pass stimulus packages to address the crisis, building more diverse and localized food systems should
42、 be an obvious inclusion. 27. In theory, specialization of the food system . A. adapts to changes efficiently B. balances supply and demand C. focuses on essential items D. reduces costs of 28. The underlined word fragility in Paragraph 5 means . A. weakness B. diversity C. unfairness D. complexity
43、29. What can we learn from the passage? A. A few countries restrict exports to stabilize local food prices. B. Grain prices rise due to Africas dependence on importation. C. Ghana might be less affected by lockdowns than Belgium was. D. Packaged-food consumption should be encouraged to address the c
44、risis. 30. The main purpose of this passage is to . A .expose food security issues during the crisis B. advocate establishing diverse local food systems C. discuss the development of a sustainable economy 6 / 11 D. prove the importance of sound government policies D Every day, it seems that some new
45、 algorithm(算法)enables computers to disease a disease with unprecedented accuracy, renewing predictions that computers will soon replace doctors. What if computers could replace patients as well? If virtual humans could have replaced real people in some stages of a coronavirus vaccine trial, it could
46、 have sped development of a preventive tool and slowed down the pandemic. Similarly, potential vaccines that werent likely to work could have been identified early, reducing trial costs and avoiding testing poor vaccine candidates on living volunteers. These are some of the benefits of in silico med
47、icine, or the testing of drugs and treatments on virtual organs or body systems to predict how a real person will respond to the therapies. The modeling begins by feeding anatomical data drawn from noninvasive(非侵入式)high-resolution imaging of an individuals actual organ into a complex mathematical mo
48、del of the mechanisms that govern that organs function. Algorithms running on powerful computers resolve the resulting equations and unknowns, generating a virtual organ that looks and behaves like the real thing. In silico clinical trials are already underway to an extent. HeartFlow Analysis, for i
49、nstance, enables clinicians to identify CAD（冠心病） based on CT images of a patients heart. The Heart Flow system uses these images to construct a fluid dynamic model of the blood running through the coronary blood vessels, thereby identifying abnormal conditions and their severity. Without this techno
50、logy, doctors would need to perform an invasive operation to decide whether and how to intervene. Experimenting on digital models of individual patients can also help personalize therapy for any number of conditions and s already used in diabetes care. The philosophy behind in silico medicine is not
