1、 Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 新知探求 .根据词义写出正确的单词 1_ n. 设施；设备 2_ adj. 热衷的；渴望的 3_ adj. 肤浅的；浅的 4_ n. 模式；图案；模范 5_ n. 监视器；监测仪vt. 监视；监测；监控 6_ n. 泡沫橡胶；泡沫 7_ n. 枕头 8_ n. 智能手机 facility keen shallow pattern monitor foam pillow smartphone .词汇拓展 1_ n. 地球；世界；地球仪_ adj. 全球的 2
2、_ vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论_ n. 争论；争吵；论点 3_ adj.致命的；灾难性的_ adv. 致命地；不幸地 4_ n. 分析；分析结果_ (pl.) 分析；分析结果 5_ adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的_ adv. 经常；定期地 globe global argueargument fatalfatally analysis analyses regularregularly analysis regularly keen shallow argument .根据汉语意思补全短语 1make _ difference起作用；做出改变 2fight _与斗争 3result
3、 _导致；造成 4_ number of许多 5as _ result所以；结果（是） a against in a a 6meet the requirements _满足要求 7_present目前 8provide _ sb.提供生活所需 9_ closing最后 10run _用完；耗尽 for at for in out 【词汇攻略】 1“动词out”短语 work out 算出，制定出；let out发出，放出，泄露，出租；look out 当心，小心； turn out 结果证明是；put out扑灭，生产，出版；come out出来，出版，发行； break out （战争、火
4、灾、）爆发；make out理解，辨认；set out 着手，出发，起 程；hand out 分发；die out 灭绝；leave out 省略，遗漏；find out 发现；figure out 算出，了解，弄明白；point out 指出；watch out 注意；give out 放出，发出， 耗尽，公布 2表示“许多”的词组 （1）修饰可数名词 many；many a；a great/good many；a great/good/large number of；dozens of； scores of；quite a few （2）修饰不可数名词 a great/good deal
5、of；large/great amounts of；a large/great amount of；a large sum of；much （3）修饰可数或不可数名词 a lot of/lots of；plenty of；a large/great quantity of；large/great quantities of 语篇研析 .速读文章并完成下面的问题 1What is the authors attitude towards exploring space according to the text? AOpposed.BSupportive. CDoubtful. DUncerta
6、in. 答案：B 2What is the conclusion of the text about exploring space? _ _ .细读文章后判断下列句子的正误（T/F） 1. Some people think that we should spend time and money feeding the worlds poor and finding immediate solutions to other problems instead of wasting them on space exploration. () 2. There are lots of satell
7、ites orbiting Earth which can help fight against world hunger. () Exploring space should continue to provide new and better solutions to peoples problems. T T 3. Space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit only those who have been into space. () 4. In order to prov
8、ide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists have found other planets，for example Mars, which can be our new home. () F F .句式分析 1. Instead, we should feed the worlds poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a
9、shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us. 分析immediate solutions：直接方法。“which fails to realise how exploring space helps us”是“a shallow view”的_从句，这个从句中的“how exploring space helps us”是“realise”的_从句。 翻译_ _ _ 定语定语 宾语宾语 而是我们应该养活世界上的穷人，并找到解决其他问题的直接方法，而是我们应该养活世界上的穷人，并找到解决其他问题的直接方法， 例
10、如污染和致命疾病。然而，其他人认为这是一个肤浅的观点，没有意识到探例如污染和致命疾病。然而，其他人认为这是一个肤浅的观点，没有意识到探 索太空是如何帮助我们的。索太空是如何帮助我们的。 2. As a result, spacebased science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earths increasing population. 分析“to grow enough food”是宾语补足语；“to feed Earths increasing population”是_状语；“in its
11、 efforts”是介词短语作状语。 翻译_ _ 目的目的 因此，天基科学帮助农业努力种植足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增因此，天基科学帮助农业努力种植足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增 长的人口。长的人口。 3. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planets resources are limited. 分析“Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea”是_短语作 主语；“that our
12、 planets resources are limited”是_从句。 翻译_ _ 动名词动名词 宾语宾语 把我们星球的图片看作黑色海洋中的一个岛屿使人们意识到我们星把我们星球的图片看作黑色海洋中的一个岛屿使人们意识到我们星 球的资源是有限的。球的资源是有限的。 4. Highend products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space explor
13、ation. 分析“be made to a higher standard”意为“按照更高的标准制造”；“which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration”是_从句。 翻译_ _ 定语定语 世界各地的高端产品现在按照更高的标准制造出来是由于最早为满世界各地的高端产品现在按照更高的标准制造出来是由于最早为满 足太空探索的需要而创造的先进技术。足太空探索的需要而创造的先进技术。 .概要写作 根据P44课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 _ _ _ _ 【学而思】 What is your opinion
14、 on exploring space? _ _ _ _ 1argue vt. & vi.论证；争辩；争论 P44教材原文Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. 有些人认为我们应该停止把时间和钱浪费在探索太空上。 归纳拓展 （1）argue for/against据理主张/反对 argue that.(should) do sth. 主张 argue with sb on/ about/ over sth. 与某人争辩某事 argue/talk/persuade sb into/
15、 out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 （2）beyond argument 无可争辩 即学即练 （1）单句语法填空 It _ (argue) that steps be taken to make the road safer. I argue that everyone _ (try) to help those in need. （2）一句多译 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。 We tried many ways _， but in vain. (argue) _， but in vain. (persuade) _， but in vain. (ta
16、lk) is argued try to argue him into following our advice We tried many ways to persuade him into following/to follow our advice We tried many ways to talk him into following our advice 2make a difference 起作用；做出改变 P44教材原文Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against worl
17、d hunger. 首先，探索太空已经在战胜世界饥饿方面发挥了作用。 归纳拓展 make a difference to.对有作用/有影响 make some/any/no/little difference (to.) （对）有/没作用或影响 tell the difference (between.and.) 辨别/区分（与） 即学即练 （1）单句语法填空 Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a _ (different) in the world. I can never tell the _ (di
18、fferent) between the twins. Whether he could get support from his parents made a great difference _ the plan. （2）完成句子 每个人都能通过做好工作对我们的社会起到重要作用。 Everyone _ by performing his job well. difference difference to can make a great difference to our society 3result in导致；造成 P44教材原文It has directly resulted in
19、 the many satellites that now orbit Earth. 它直接导致了现在环绕地球运行的许多卫星。 归纳拓展 （1）result from由造成；因而产生 （2）as a result 结果 as a result of 由于的结果 without result 没有结果；白费（力气） 即学即练 （1）单句语法填空 We tried hard，but _result. He was late _ a result of the rain. His laziness result _ his failure. （2）一句多译 就我所知，这个事故是由他的粗心大意导致的。
20、 As far as I know，his carelessness _ the accident. As far as I know，the accident _ his carelessness. without as in resulted in resulted from 4provide v提供；供应；给予；规定 P44教材原文After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. 经过仔细分析，科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议。 即学即练 完成
21、句子 如果您能提供给我更多具体的信息，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if _ _. you could provide more specific information for me/you could provide me with more specific information 5effort n气力；努力；费力的事；艰难的尝试；试图；尽力；有组织的活动 P44教材原文As a result, spacebased science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed
22、Earths increasing population. 结果，天基科学已经帮助农业努力种植足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增长的人口。 归纳拓展 （1）make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.（尽一切）努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事 （2）with effort 努力地 without effort 不费力地，容易地 即学即练 完成句子 干净的空气非常重要，因此政府不遗余力地防止空气污染。 Clean air is very important, so the government . spa
23、res no effort to prevent air pollution 6advance adj. 预先的，在前的v.前进，进展；促进；提前n. 前进，进展，进步 P44教材原文Highend products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. 世界各地的高端产品现在按照更高的标准制造出来是由于最早为满足太空探索 的需
24、要而创造的先进技术。 归纳拓展 （1）in advanceahead of time提前；预先 make an advance in sth. 在某方面有进步 （2）advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 名师点津advance作形容词时，意为“预先的，在前的”；advanced意为“高级 的；先进的”。 即学即练 一句多译 有了先进的科技，将来科学家会在科技方面取得更多的进步。 With advanced technology, scientists _ in the future. With advanced technology, _ by scientists in the fut
25、ure. will make more advances in technology more advances in technology will be made 7present vt. 陈述；提出（观点、计划等）；呈现；赠送；颁发；介绍 adj. 出 席的，在场的；现在的，当前的 n. 礼物；目前 P44教材原文The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets. 目前最受关注的是火星，因为它离
26、地球较近。在未来，人类可能生活在两个行 星上。 归纳拓展 （1）present sb. with sth.向某人赠送/颁发某物 present sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物/向某人赠送某物 （2）be present at. 出席 （3）at presentat the present time 目前，现在 for the present 目前；暂时 名师点津present 用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语； 表示“现在的”时，常用作前置定语。 即学即练 一句多译 在教师节，我的学生送给我一些鲜花。 On Teachers Day, _. On Teachers D
27、ay, _. my students presented me with some flowers my students presented some flowers to me 如何写议论文 议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法， 为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。高中英语议论文 的写作要注意以下几点： 1论点要鲜明、确切，一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点，论点一般在开头提出， 然后加以论证。 2论据要充分、可靠。一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语、格言、名人名 言作为论据。 3论证要严密、得法。归纳法和演绎法是议论文常用的论证方法。归纳法以
28、例 子为基础，从几个例子和现象中，归纳出某种道理和看法。演绎法以一个或多 个看法为基础，从一般论断，演绎到不同事例，再加以论述，最后再回到一般 论断上来。 【常用表达】 第一部分，套用相关句型来引出议论。 1. Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether. 2. These years, some students are interested in. 3. Now, some people hold the view that. 4. Im writing to tell you about the discu
29、ssion we have had about. 5. There are two opinions on it. 6. Opinions are divided on the question. 第二部分，采用关联词和句型列举事实依据，采用正反对比或归纳推理的方法， 证明所持观点的正确性及表明其所持的态度。 1. Besides/In addition/Apart from it/Whats more/Above all. 2. For example./There are.，such as.and so on. 3. On one hand.on the other hand. 4. Fi
30、rst.Second.Third. 5. On the contrary/However/While./But. 6. At the same time, we should. 7. If.，I believe we will. 8. As we see/As we all know/As far as I know，. 9. Of all students, 40% of them think., but others do not agree. 10. Some people believe that., but others say/consider that. 11. Some stu
31、dents are for the idea/are in favor of it/agree with it, while/but/however others are against it/disagree with it. 第三部分，引用表示因果关系的关联词语、总结性的语句强调和重申提出的观 点，或者引用某些特定的短语和句型来揭示观点、礼貌地征求对方的建议。 1. In a word, ./In short, ./In brief, . 2. As a result, ./Therefore, . 3. No doubt doing something is./There is no d
32、oubt that. 4. So in a word, we should., only in this way can we. 5. Generally speaking, most students think we should. 6. In fact/As a matter of fact, we can. 7. So, for something, I suggest that we should do. 8. In my opinion, I think. 9. I have my own view about it, and I think. 10. Personally, I
33、believe it is. 11. Now, we really dont know what to do about it. Could you tell us some good advice and help us out? 【写作模板】 （一）不同观点列举型（选择型） There is a widespread concern over the issue that （作文题目）_. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A major
34、ity of people think that （观点一）_. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, （原因一） _. Furthermore, in the second place,（原因二）_. So it goes without saying that （观点一）_. People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the
35、idea that （观点二）_. In their point of view, on the one hand，（原因一） _. On the other hand, （原因二）_. Therefore, there is no doubt that （观点二）_. As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that （观点一或二） _. It is not only because _, but also because _. The more _, the more _. （二）利弊型的议论文 Nowadays, there
36、 is a widespread concern over (the issue that) （作文题目） _. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in （题目议题） _. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly,（优点一）_. And secondly（优点二）_. Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two s
37、ides”,（讨论议题） _ is no exception, and in other words, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, （缺点一）_. In addition, （缺点二）_. To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of （讨论议题）_ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely ma
38、ke a better use of the （讨论议题）_ （三）答题性议论文 Currently, there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）（作文题目） _. It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem. As we know that there are many steps which can be
39、taken to undo this problem. First of all, （途径一）_. In addition, another way contributing to success of solving the problem is （途径二）_. Above all, to solve the problem of （作文题目）_, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, tha
40、t is to say, （方法）_. （四）谚语警句性议论文 It is well know to us that the proverb: “（谚语）_” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means （谚语的含 义）_. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. A case in point is （例子）_. Therefore, it is goes
41、without saying that it is of great importance to practice the proverb （谚语）_. With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: （谚语）_. The more we are aware of the significance of this
42、 famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job. 近年来，学生越来越广泛地使用电子词典，这既给学生带来了便利，也给学生 带来了一些负面影响。请你根据以下要求写一篇英语短文： 1电子词典的优点； 2电子词典的缺点； 3你的观点和结论。 注意：词数80左右。 _ _ 【审题谋篇】 第一步明确要求 该写作属于利弊型的议论文，故以第三人称为主；时态以一般现在时为主。 第二步确定段落 本文应该至少分四段： Para. 1提出话题。 Para. 2使用电子词典的好处。 Para. 3使用电子词典的坏处。 Pa
43、ra. 4你的观点和结论。 第三步提炼要点 1The discussion about electronic dictionaries has never stopped in the past few years. 近几年来，关于电子词典的讨论从未停止过。 2An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages. 电子词典有很多优点。 3The negative effects of an electronic dictionary are also obvious. 电子词典的负面影响也很明显。 4It can be most helpful to
44、 us in many respects so long as we can make proper use of it. 只要我们能适当地利用它，它在许多方面对我们都会很有帮助。 第四步句式升级 1电子词典有很多优点，最大的优点就是它的方便。 （一般表达）An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages. The biggest is its convenience. （高级表达）An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages, _ the biggest is its convenience. o
45、f which 2. 现在，我们可以清楚地看到，电子词典本身并不是有益或有害的。 （一般表达）Now, we can see that an electronic dictionary is not beneficial or harmful in itself. （高级表达）Now, we can see it clearly that an electronic dictionary is _ in itself.neither beneficial nor harmful 【参考范文】 The discussion about electronic dictionaries has ne
46、ver stopped in the past few years. An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages, of which the biggest is its convenience. Whats more, they can pronounce the words clearly. Last but not least, more and more students can afford them. However, the negative effects are also obvious. To begin with, so
47、me students rely too much on them. In the second place, some explanations are not so accurate. Now, we can see it clearly that an electronic dictionary is neither beneficial nor harmful in itself. The key lies in the usersso long as we can make proper use of it, it can be most helpful to us in many
48、respects. 【亮点点评】 本文结构严谨。首段提出一个长时间争论的话题；第二段中指出该事物的 优点；第三段阐述缺点；第四段首句下结论，表明此事物本身无对错，第二句 指出关键在于使用者，即如果合理使用，就会从中受益。 文章的论点和结论清 楚明了，论据充分有力。 在文字的运用上，本文词汇丰富，衔接顺畅而不乏高级词汇。例如afford, rely too much on和last but not least等的运用，恰当而有力。 暑假即将来临。你班同学讨论了假期计划，提出不同看法，请根据提示写一篇 有关讨论的英语短文，并谈谈你的看法。 优点优点缺点缺点 待在家中待在家中花费少、舒适方便花费少、舒适方便不能亲身了解外界不能亲身了解外界 外出旅游外出旅游增长知识、开阔眼界增长知识、开阔眼界花费多、旅途不便花费多、旅途不便 注意：1.词数80左右（不含已写好的部分）； 2短文必须包括表中所列要点，可根据内容分段表述； 3可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：眼界horizon（或view） The summer holiday is coming. Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday._ _ _ Thank you!
