1、 Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures 1（教材P52）Oliver believes that with a millionpound bank note a man could live a month in London. () 2（教材P52）Young man, would you step inside a moment, please? () 3（教材P52）May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are? () 4（教
2、材P52）Well, I cant say that I have any plans. () A E E A 5（教材P52）Well, you mustnt worry about that. () 6（教材P52）You mustnt think we dont care about you. () 7（教材P52）Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me! () 8（教材P52）Now if youll excuse me, I ought to be on my way. () 9（教材P52）Oh, no, youd better n
3、ot open it. () B B D F C 一、情态动词的基本用法 （一）can/could的用法 1表示能力，意为“能，会”。 Many people can use the computer. 许多人会用电脑。 No one could answer this challenging question. 没人能回答这个具有挑战性的问题。 2表示客观或理论上的可能性。 It can be very hot here in summer. 这里夏天有时会很热。 Accidents can happen to any drunken driver. 醉酒的司机都有可能发生交通事故。 3表示
4、请求或允许。在疑问句中could可以代替can，语气更委婉。 Could I have a word with you? It wont take long. 我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。 4表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句和疑问句。can比could语气强。 He cant be our manager. He has gone to Beijing. 他不可能是我们经理。我们经理已经去北京了。 He cant have left. His coat is here. 他不可能已经走了。他的外套还在这里。 （二）may/might的用法 1表示请求和许可。在疑问句中might可以代
5、替may，语气更加委婉。 Might I ask for a picture of your little daughter? Yes, you may. 我可以要一张你小女儿的照片吗？ 是的，可以。 2表示推测，意为“或许，可能”，通常用于肯定句和否定句。might比may语 气弱。 I dont really like James. Why did you invite him? Dont worry. He might not come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were. 我真的不喜欢詹姆斯。为什么你邀请他？ 别担心，他或许不会来
6、。他说他还不能确定他的计划。 3表示祝愿，常用结构为“May主语动词原形！” May you be happy every day! 愿你快乐每一天！ （三）must的用法 1表示“必须”，语气强烈。 have to表示“不得不”，意义与must相近，但又有所区别。must表示说话人的 主观看法，have to则强调客观需要；must只有一种形式，而have to有人称、时 态等方面的变化。 Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? I am afraid you must, in case he comes lat
7、e for the meeting. 我该马上通知他日程改了吗？ 我想你必须（通知他），以免他开会迟到。 I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital. 我现在不得不走了，因为我母亲在住院。 2表示推测，意为“一定”，用于肯定句。 Someone must have used my umbrella yesterday. I found it wet. 昨天一定有人用了我的雨伞，我发现它湿了。 3意为“偏要，非要不可”。 If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over. 如果你非
8、要走，至少要等到暴风雨停止。 4mustnt表示禁止，意为“不得，不允许；一定不要”。 That car is my property; you mustnt use it without my permission. 那辆车是我的财产，你必须得到我的允许才能使用。 （四）shall的用法 1用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见。 Shall we put off the sports meet till next month? 我们能否将运动会推迟到下个月？ Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? 明天汤姆可以和我一起去那里吗？ 2用于第二、三
9、人称陈述句中，表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁、允诺、决心 等；或用于条约、规定、法令、法律等，意为“必须”。 You shall be punished for what you have done. 你必须为你的所作所为受到惩罚。 （五）should/ought to的用法 1should表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该”。 We should be strict with ourselves. 我们对自己应该严格要求。 2should表示出乎意料的口气，意为“竟然，居然”。 Such a gentleman should do that. 这样一位绅士竟然会做那种事。 3ought
10、to表示义务或责任，意为“应该”，语气比should稍重。 You ought not to be late for such an important meeting. 这么重要的会议你不应该迟到的。 4should和ought to表示推测，指预期的可能性，意为“应该，估计”。 She promised to come by 10 oclock. She should/ought to be here at any moment. 她答应10点之前来的。她随时都可能来到。 （六）will/would的用法 1表示意愿、意志、决心。will指现在，would指过去。 I will never
11、 talk to him again. 我再也不愿意和他说话了。 Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night. 为什么你昨天晚上没来参加西蒙的聚会？ 我想去参加，但只是我妈妈不愿意让我那么晚出去。 2表示征求意见或提出请求，多用于第二人称疑问句中。would比will语气委婉。 Would you mind opening the window for me? 请你给我打开窗户好吗？ 3表示习惯性动作、固有属
12、性、必然趋势，意为“总是，习惯于”。will指现 在，would指过去。 Every morning he will always have a walk along this river. 每天早晨，他总会沿着小河散步。 Mum would tell us stories before we went to bed. 过去在我们上床睡觉前，妈妈总给我们讲故事。 4表示功能，意为“能，可以”，常用于否定句。 The door wont open. 这门打不开。 （七）need的用法 作情态动词时，need没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形，一般用于否定句 或疑问句中。其否定形式是在其后直接加n
13、ot，疑问形式是直接将need提到主语 前。由need构成的一般疑问句，其肯定回答用must。 You neednt be told twice about one single thing. 同一件事不必对你说两遍。 Need I tell him everything thats happened to his parents? Yes, you must./No, you neednt. 我有必要告诉他有关他父母发生的一切吗？ 是的，必须。/不，没必要。 名师点津need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称和数的变化，后面可跟名词、带 to的不定式或动名词等作宾语，其否定形式、疑问形式都要通过助
14、动词do构成。 Plants need light in order to survive. 植物存活必须有光照。 Do I need to leave my telephone number and address? 我有必要把电话号码和地址留下吗？ You dont need to hand in your compositions today. 你们今天不必交作文。 （八）dare的用法 1dare可用实义动词和情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动 词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句： Dare you tell her the t
15、ruth? 你敢告诉她事实真相吗？ I dont know whether he dare try. 我不知他是否敢试一试。 I darent ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。 名师点津I dare say 是习惯说法（用于肯定句），并不一定要译为“我敢 说”，它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气，常译为“很可能”“大概”“我想” 等，有时用作反语： I dare say (that) you are right. 我想你是对的。 Oh, you mean to win? I dare say you will. 啊，你想打赢？ 我且看你赢吧。 2dare用作实义动词时意为“
16、敢于”，可以有各种词形变化，可用于各类句型 （肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等），其后多接带 to 的不定式，有时 to 也可省去（尤其是在否定句或疑问句中），可用于非谓语形式、完成时态等： We must dare to think, speak and act. 我们必须敢想、敢说、敢做。 I wonder how he dared (to) say such things. 我纳闷他怎么竟敢说出这样的话来。 Did he dare (to) tell her? 他敢告诉她吗？ We dont dare (to) say anything. 我们什么也不敢说。 The boy stood
17、 before the teacher, not daring to look up. 这个小男孩站在老师面前不敢抬头。 Ive never dared (to) ask her. 我从来不敢问她。 二、“情态动词have done”的用法 情态动词情态动词have done用法用法 must have done 一定做过某事，其否定形式为一定做过某事，其否定形式为cant/couldnt have done can have done 表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定，一般用于否定表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定，一般用于否定 句和疑问句，句和疑问句，could的语气较的语气较can弱弱 c
18、ould have done 1.本来能够做某事但却未做本来能够做某事但却未做 2.可能做过某事可能做过某事 cant/couldnt have done不可能做过某事不可能做过某事 may/might have done或许或许/可能做过某事可能做过某事 should/ought to have done 本该做但却未做，其否定形式表示本不该做但却做了本该做但却未做，其否定形式表示本不该做但却做了 neednt have done做了本没有必要做的事情做了本没有必要做的事情 He is so happy. He must have won the match. 他这么高兴，他一定赢了这次比赛
19、。 She couldnt have read about the explosion. She didnt know anything about it. 她不可能读过关于爆炸的消息，她对此一点也不知道。 You could have done better, but you were too careless. 你本来能做得更好些，但你当时太粗心了。 She may have bought the dictionary, but Im not sure. 她可能买了那本词典，但我不太确信。 Sorry, Im late. I might have turned off the alarm
20、clock and gone back to sleep again. 对不起，我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。 Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You should have fixed full attention on it. 看！ 你的作文里有这么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。 We neednt have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner. 既然苏西不与我们一起吃晚饭，我们原本不必买那么多食物。
21、 .用情态动词或其否定形式填空 1Sometimes smiles around the world _ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. 2You _ have taken so much cash with you, you knowthat shop accepted checks. 3According to the factory safety rules, all accidents _ be reported to the safety officer. can neednt shall 4Sch
22、ool is over. How can we contact Robert? Try phoning him. He _ be home by now. He lives only a stones throw from the school. 5Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party. I _. See you later. 6She _ have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office th
23、en. 7The fire was so big that it was several hours before firefighters _ get it under control. should will couldnt could 8You talk so much about London. You _ have been there. Yeah, I went sightseeing on a tour last summer. 9What a slow bus this is! Yes, we _ just as well walk. 10When she was a litt
24、le girl, she _ sit by the window every evening, deep in thought. must may/might would .单句语法填空 1Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late. I really _ go now. My daughter is home alone. 2.Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. Oh, its too bad. You _ (make) full preparations. 3You _ feel a
25、ll the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful for what you did. must should have made may 4You _ be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all these years. 5Life is unpredictable; even the poorest _ become the richest. 6I still remember my happy childhood when
26、 my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends. 7It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food. 8Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _ (drink) too much at the party last night. must might would should must have drunk 情态动词和过去将来时情态动词和过去将来时 二、过去将来时二、过去将来时 翻译下面含有过去将来时的句子 1（教材P52）Yes, I
27、was about to go get the letter. _ 2They would leave for Paris the next morning. _ 3I was going to help Mary with her Chinese that evening. _ 是的，我正要去拿信。是的，我正要去拿信。 第二天早上他们将动身去巴黎。第二天早上他们将动身去巴黎。 那天晚上我正打算帮玛丽学中文。那天晚上我正打算帮玛丽学中文。 1过去将来时的基本构成和用法 过去将来时由“would动词原形”构成，主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发 生的动作（尤其用于宾语从句中），还可以表示过去的动作
28、习惯或倾向。 She said that she wouldnt do that again. 她说她再也不会这样做了。 2过去将来时的其他表达法 （1） was/were going to动词原形：该结构有两个主要用法，一是表示过去的 打算；二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。 I thought it was going to rain. 我认为要下雨了。 （2）was/were to 动词原形：主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。 She said she was to get married next month. 她说她计划在下个月结婚。 （3）was/were about t
29、o 动词原形：表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作，由于 本身已含有“即将”的意味，所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。 I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 电话铃响时我正好要上床睡觉。 （4）was/were 现在分词：表示在过去看来即将发生的动作，通常可用于该结 构中的动词是come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等瞬间动词。 Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. 杰克说他打算明天动身。
30、.完成句子 1我刚要离开这时我听到有人敲门。 I _ when I heard someone knocked at the door. 2那天晚上，为了一个重要会议我要飞往上海。 _Shanghai that night for an important meeting. 3那时，她会坐在门口看着人来人往。 _， seeing the people back and forth. 4上个星期天，我们本想去游览长城的，但却下雨了。 Last Sunday we _ the Great Wall, but it rained. was about to leave I was flying to
31、 She would sit at the door at that time were going to visit .翻译句子 1Lily曾说她要到中国来。 _ 2有人告诉我他准备回家。 _ 3他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。 _ 4她告诉我她要来看我。 _ 5第二天，他们能完成工作吗？ _ Lily said that she would come to China. I was told that he was going to return home. He said the train was leaving at six the next morning. She told me she was coming to see me. Were they going to finish the work before the next day? Thank you!
