1、 Revision 0f words 1.n.防御;保卫防御;保卫 vt.防御;保卫;辩护防御;保卫;辩护 2.adj.法律的;合法的法律的;合法的 adj.非法的非法的 3.vt.围绕;包围围绕;包围 adj.周围的;附近的周围的;附近的 4.n.证据;证明证据;证明 adj.显而易见的显而易见的 5.n.成就;成绩;达到成就;成绩;达到 vt.完成;达到完成;达到 defence defend legal illegal surround surrounding evidence evident achievement achieve 6.n.地方;地点;位置地方;地点;位置 vt.位于;
2、确定位于;确定的位置的位置 7.vt.占领;征服;控制占领;征服;控制 n.占领者;征服者占领者;征服者 8.n.港口港口(城市城市) n.搬运工;护工搬运工;护工 9.vt.宣布;通知;声称宣布;通知;声称 n.宣告;通告宣告;通告 10.adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的慷慨的;大方的;丰富的 n.慷慨;大方慷慨;大方 location locate conquer conqueror port porter announce announcement generous generosity 1.The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, Engla
3、nd-many people are confused by what these different names mean. what引导宾语从句时在从句中作主语、宾语或表语, 表示“所的” 1.表示“的东西或事情”,相当于 “thethingthat.;allthat.;everythingthat.” Theyvedonewhattheycantohelpher.他们 已经做了他们能做到一切去帮助了。 3.表示“的人”,相当于thepersonthat。 如: Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago. 他不是几年前的他了。 4.表示“的地方”,相当于theplaceth
4、at。 如:ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity. 这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。 In1492,Columbusreachedwhatisnowcal ledAmerica. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 5.表示“的数目”,相当于 theamount/numberthat。如: Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenye arsago.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。 Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolhas reachedasmanyas20,000,tentimeswhatit wasbefor
5、eliberation. 现在我校学生多达2万人,是解放前的十倍。 2.表示“的时间”,相当于thetimethat: Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutw ithabittersmile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着 出来。 Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak, standingthereforwhatseemedlikehours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话,在那儿站了似乎几个小时。 a).a). that that 可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导定语可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导定语 从句,而从句,而whatwhat则只能引导名
6、词性从句,却不可则只能引导名词性从句,却不可 以引导定语从句。以引导定语从句。 ThefactthatshockedusiswhatIdliketotell him. b). Whatb). What引导的从句可以用作介词宾语,而引导的从句可以用作介词宾语,而thatthat引引 导的从句一般不可以。导的从句一般不可以。 He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. I am curious as to what he will say. c). What可以跟不定式,而that不可以。如: I dont know what t
7、o do next. d). What 在名词性从句中充当成分,而that则 不。 that /what 1._Idesireisachance. 2._hewantstomarryyouisobvious. 3.Theresultis_wewonthegame. 4.Thisis_weneedtofind. 5.Is_hetoldustrue? 6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacheris saying. 7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillwinthematch. 8.Ihavenoidea_hewasthatafternoon. 9._hasmadeC
8、hina_itisnow? What That that what what what that where whatwhat 2. They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.(Page 41) 句中had castles built是 “ have + sth(宾语)+ 过去分词 (宾语补足语)”结构,意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。 Have sth. done可表示四种不同的语法意义: 1)、(主语)请/派别人完成某事。如: We had the machine repa
9、ired. 我们请人把机器修好了。 2)、(主语)完成某事(可能参与)。如: They are going to have (=got) some threes planted. 他们打算植些树。 3)、(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况。如: Yesterday I had my wallet stolen. 昨天我的钱包被偷了。 4)、 用于否定句中,表示“不允许.”“不让”。如: I would never have done what they did. 他们做的事情我是决不会做的。 (1)have sb/sth doing 意为“使某人/某物做某事”这种动 作往往具有持续进行的含义;此外,此
10、句型还可用于 wont/cant have sb doing sth,表示不允许或禁止。 (2)have sb do 让/叫/使某人做某事 (3) have sth. to do 是要干某事,这件事是由主语来做 的, (4)have sth. to be done是有事要做,这件事本质上 不是由主语来做的 单句语法填空 (1)I have my hair cut(cut) this morning. (2)Youd better have your car running(run) slowly. (3)I wont have you staying(stay) up so late. (4)
11、The teacher had his students reading(read) English every morning for half an hour. (5)The patient is going to have his temperature taken(take). 3.They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses. the way + 定语从句 1).I dont like the way in which you speak
12、to her. 2).I dont like the way that you speak to her. 3).I dont like the way you speak to her. 在句1中,which代指先行词the way,定语从句的 逻辑语序为you speak to her in which,意为“你 用那种方式和她说话”。因which代指the way,故 用in和which搭配。分析从句的成分可知,in which 在从句中为方式状语。 根据定语从句的句法规则,in which引导定语从句作 方式状语时,in which也可使用that代替,或者省略 引导词,也就是句2和句
13、3的表达方式都是正确的。需 要注意的是,句2中的that并非前文所说的代词性的 that代指先行词的常规用法,而是副词作方式状语, 相当于in which。 句2与句3正确的前提是引导词在从中作状语,并非 the way后的定语从句都是如此。如:You speak to her in the way _ I dont like. 先行词为the way,_ I dont like为定语从句, 其逻辑语序应为I dont like _,引导词应代指先 行词 在从句中作宾语,故用that或which都可以。又因为引 导词是从句的宾语,因此也可省略,即下面的三种表 达方式都是正确的: You spe
14、ak to her in the way which I dont like. You speak to her in the way that I dont like. You speak to her in the way I dont like. 请注意以下两点: 1. 句3中的省略的是that或which,因为引导词作从句 的宾语,而例1中句3省略的是in which或that,引导 词是从句的方式状语。区别这两种情况首先应判断引 导词是从句的宾语还是原因状语,然后再判断用什么 引导词或是否可以省略。 2. 同样是the way做先行词,但是定语从句的引导词不同,可见 引导词并非由先行
15、词决定,从上面的解题过程可以看出,决定用 什么引导词要看引导词在从句中是何成分,句子成分影响引导词 的词性,当然也影响着引导词的选择。 例: What surprised me was not what he said but _he said it. (湖北卷) A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way w 解析:答案为A项。句意为“令我吃惊的不是他说的话,而是他 说话的方式”。根据句意可知the way前不用in,可排除B项和C 项。the way是先行词,he said it为定语从句,逻辑语序为he said it _
16、,引导词为从句的方式状语,可用in which、that 或省略。D项的错误在于把引导词误用为从句的宾语。 consolidation 1.Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially(design) tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.(2019天津天津) 2.Hewalkedintotheroomquietlyinordernottomakehimself(notice). 3.Chinasimageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountriesit
17、s roleininternationalaffairs.(2019江苏江苏) 4.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgrades(improve)a littleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.(2019浙江浙江) 单句单句语法填空语法填空 designed noticed recognizing improved 5.Thevillagerssawthefirebrightlyinthedistance.Whentheyhurried there,theyfoundsomehousestothegroundalready.
18、(burn) 6.Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim(lie)onabench,withhiseyes (fix)onakiteinthesky. 7.Data(collect)fromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferent participantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.(2019全国全国) 8.Therearestillmanyproblems(solve)beforewearereadyfora longstayontheMoon. burning burned
19、/burnt lying fixed collected tobesolved 9.EarthDay,(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraise publicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.(2019北京北京) 10.Eventhoughitisstillinsummer,therearemany(fall)leaveson theground. marked fallen 11.Theplayersareexpectedtobringus honorinthissummergame. 人们期待这些选拔于
20、全国的运动员在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。人们期待这些选拔于全国的运动员在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。 12.Asforthephenomenon,somepeoplesupportitwhile othersdonot. 关于上文提到的现象,有些人支持,而有些人反对。关于上文提到的现象,有些人支持,而有些人反对。 13.Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleliketohuntforwhattheywantat andbytheexpresscompany. 现在,越来越多的人喜欢在淘宝网上现在,越来越多的人喜欢在淘宝网上“淘淘”东西,然后让快递公司邮寄。东西,然后让快递公司邮
21、寄。 完成完成句子句子 selectedfromthewholecountry mentionedabove havethemdelivered 14.Ifyouwantto,youareabovealltorespect yourself. 如果你想让自己被尊重,你必须首先尊重自己。如果你想让自己被尊重,你必须首先尊重自己。 15.Whenhewokeup,he. 当他醒来时,他发觉一群孩子围着他。当他醒来时,他发觉一群孩子围着他。 makeyourselfrespected foundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofchildren Thanks for listening