1、Unit 5 Languages around the world Discovering useful structures Reading and thinking Step 1 Pre-reading Your friend Tony is going to visit China. He is very interested in Chinese culture. What do you think can represent Chinese culture? When it comes to Chinese writing, what do you know? Step 2 Whil
2、e reading- prediction Look at the title and the picture below. Predict what the text will be about. How will the passage be organized? 阅读说明文体裁说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A. 说明的对象 B. 说明对象的特征 C. 说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法； 过程分析法） Step 3 While-reading -to get the main idea. 关注首段、末端，每段首句和末句来快速找出各段大意 Para
3、1_ Para 2_ Para 3_ Para 4_ Para 5_ Main idea of the whole passage: _ Step 3 While-reading -to get the main idea. 关注首段、末端，每段首句和末句来快速找出各段大意 1What is the text mainly about ? AThe development of Chinese writing system BThe effect of Chinese writing system CThe important role of Chinese writing system DT
4、he development and effect of Chinese writing system Step 3 While-reading -to get the main idea. 关注首段、末端，每段首句和末句来快速找出各段大意 Paragraphs 14： How did the Chinese writing system develop? Paragraph 5： Chinas present is connected with its past by written Chinese. Paragraph 6： Many foreigners learn Chinese cu
5、lture and history through the Chinese written system. Step 4 While-reading- scanning Scan the text to find the words and phrases that describe a time. Important times during the development of Chinese writing system. at the beginning: _ several thousand years ago: _ Shang Dynasty: _ over the years:
6、_ Qin Dynasty: _ today: _ Step 4 While-reading- scanning 1What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive? AChinese writing system BChinese wisdom CChinese hard work DChinese spoken language Step 4 While-reading- scanning 2What is the main idea o
7、f paragraph 2? AHow did people carve symbols on bones and shells? BWhat did the symbols on bones and shells mean? CWhen did the picturebased language begin? DA picturebased language, the earliest written Chinese. Step 4 While-reading- scanning 3Why did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in
8、one direction? APeople wanted to live in peace. BEmperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country. CPeople were willing to communicate in a language. DPeople were divided geographically. Step 4 While-reading- scanning 4How does foreigners appreciate the Chinas culture and h
9、istory? AClassic works BMusic CThe Chinese language DA picture-based language Step 5 After-reading-discussion 1. How did written Chinese unify Chinese people divided by geography and dialects? 2. How does written Chinese connect Chinese people today with those of the past? 3. According to the writer
10、, the Chinese writing system is one factor that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive. What do you think are some of the other factors? Step 6 word focus Step1 To understand the meaning of the words in context. Step 2 To choose the right word or phrase to fill in the blanks and pay att
11、ention to the right form. Step 3 Guess the meaning of the underlined words in the sentences. Step 6 word focus 1. To understand the meaning of the words in context. system；carve； transportation； date back to ；classic ；civilisation 1.The earth is one planet of the solar (太阳的) system. system：_ 2.No on
12、e is quite sure of the meaning of the images (图像，形象) carved on the wall. carve: _ 3.Cars are a very important means of transportation (交通) nowadays. transportation: _ 4. This vase dates back to Tang Dynasty, which is why its very expensive. date back to: _ 5. These children from poor areas are not e
13、xposed to classic music. classic: _ 6. China is one of the four countries which have great and old civilisation. civilisation: _ Step 6 word focus 2. To choose the right word or phrase to fill in the blanks and pay attention to the right form. system；carve； transportation； date back to ；classic ；civ
14、ilisation Chinese calligraphy has developed along with Chinas _. It is difficult to say when exactly calligraphy started. Chinese writing was first done by _ symbols onto bones and shells, but as developed into a writing _. It also developed as a form of art done with a brush. It is believed that Ch
15、inese calligraphy _ to at least the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD). Soon after that, the idea developed that calligraphy was not only a beautiful art from but also a _ of showing the character of the “man behind the brush”. Today, anyone from small children to old people can enjoy practising the _ art
16、of Chinese calligraphy. Step 6 word focus 3. Guess the meaning of the underlined words in the sentences. 1) Many Chinese characters symbolise their meanings, unlike English words which are spelled out according to how they sound. 2) The basic forms of the English writing system are known as letters.
17、 3) A unified writing system is considered to be an important part of civilised society. 4) Learning Chinese calligraphy will increase your appreciation of Chinese culture. 核心词汇 1native adj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人 (教材P60) How many billion people speak the UNs official languages as their native or second la
18、nguage? 有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第 二语言？ (1)be native to 原产于 ones native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语 (2)be a native of. 的人；原产于的动物或植物 Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。 As a matter of fact, French is n
19、ot my native language.事实上，法语不是我的母 语。 核心词汇 2.attitude n.态度；看法；姿态 (教材P60)What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning? 说话者对外语学习的态度是什么？ attitude to/towards. 对的态度/看法 have/take a(n).attitude to/towards. 对持的态度/采取的态度 We each should develop a positive attitude to life. 我们每个人都应该培养积极的
20、人生态度。 Try to have a positive attitude to/towards everything and stop complaining. 尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。 核心词汇 3.despite prep.即使；尽管 (教材P62) China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. 中国以其悠久
21、的文明而闻名，尽管历史上有过许多起起落落，但中国一直延续到 现代。 despite 即使；尽管， 为介词，后常跟名词或v.-ing even if 即使；尽管，为连词，后跟从句 My parents love me despite my shortcomings. 尽管我有很多缺点，但是父母还是喜欢我的。 John is a good basketball player despite being short and thin. 尽管约翰身材矮小，他依然是个优秀的篮球运动员。 核心词汇 4.refer to提及；查阅；参考；谈到；提交；把称作；指的是【一词多义一词多义】 (经典例句)He ha
22、d been well prepared for his speech so that he didnt refer to his note book while delivering his speech. 他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在演讲时没有看笔记本。 5.based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以为重要部分(或特征)的 (教材P62)At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. 最初，书面汉语是一种以象形文字为基础的语言。 (1)be based on/upon 以为基础/依据 (2) bas
23、e vt. 以为据点；以为基础 n. 底部；根据 base.on. 以为基础 (3)basic adj. 基础的 In my diary, I set down a series of things that are all based on facts. 在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。 One should always base his opinion on facts. 一个人应该始终以事实为根据发表自己的观点。 核心词汇 6.date back (to.)追溯(到) (教材P62)It dates back to several thousand years to lo
24、nggu. 它可以追溯到几千年前的龙骨。 (1)date back todate from 追溯到 (2)out of date 过时的，陈旧的 As far as I know, the old town dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty. 据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到初唐时期。 Id like to buy a new coat, because this one is out of date. 我想买一个新外套，因为这个外套已经过时了。 核心词汇 7.variety n(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 (经典佳句) One of
25、the advantages is that we can find varieties of topics, such as science, culture and history.其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、 文化、历史等。 (1)a variety ofvarieties of 种类繁多的 (2)various adj. 不同的；各种各样的 for various reasons 由于种种原因 (3)vary vt.&vi. 改变；变化 vary from. to. 从到不等；在到之间变动 In my free time, Id like to take exerci
26、se, such as swimming, running and various/a variety of ball games. 在业余时间，我喜欢锻炼，例如：游泳、跑步和各种球类运动。 All languages change over time and vary from place to place because of the local accent. 所有的语言都会随着时间的推移而变化，并且由于地方口音的不同而有所不同。 核心词汇 8.major/med(r)/adj.主要的；重要的；大的n主修课程；主修学生vi.主修； 专门研究 (教材P62)Emperor Qinshihu
27、ang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 秦始皇统一了七大诸侯国，形成了一个统一的郡，中国的文字系统开始朝一个方 向发展。 (1) major in主修；以为专业 (2) majority n. 大多数；大半 the majority of大多数 be in the majority 构成大部分/大多数 I guessed that there was probably a major
28、 misunderstanding.我猜想这里可能 有个大的误会。 When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is of great importance.当涉及教育，大部分人认为教育很重要。 核心词汇 9.means n方式；方法；途径 (教材P62)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的
29、重要手段。 (1) a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具 (2)by this means 通过这种方法 by means of 用办法；借助 by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) mean vi. 意味着 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 There is no doubt that Wechat is an important means of communication. 毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。 Students sometimes support themselves by means of do
30、ing part-time jobs. 学生有时借助兼职工作养活自己。 By no means can you give up when you are in trouble. 处境困难时绝对不能放弃。 核心词汇 10.regard n尊重；关注vt.把视为；看待 (教材P62)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form which has become an important part of Chinese
31、 culture: Chinese calligraphy. 汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分：书法。 (1)regard/consider. as. 认为是 (2)have high/no regard for. 高度关注/无视 with/in regard to sth. 关于某事 I regard this novel as one of the best novels I have ever read. 我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部。 She has no regard for other peoples feelings. 她无视别人的感受。 In
32、regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully. 关于你的建议，我们将充分讨论。 核心词汇 11.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值 (教材P62)As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.
33、随着中国在国际事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这种 令人惊叹的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。 (1)appreciaten./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激 I would appreciate it if. 假如，我将不胜感激 (2)appreciation n 欣赏； 感激 express ones appreciation to sb. for sth. 表达对某人的感激之情 Many people cant fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise. 许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。 Id appreciate your writing me back as soon as possible.你尽早回信我将感激 不尽。
