1、1 阅读教材 P20课文，选择最佳答案。 1Why did many people oppose driverless cars? ABecause they think new technology is unnecessary. BBecause they think driverless mode is dangerous. CBecause they are the families of the deceased. DBecause the company didnt apologise for the accident. 2. What can we learn about the
2、Amish? AThey live happily in the absence of new technology. BThey would like to live in large and polluted cities. CThey are proud of owning cars and using the Internet. DThey want to follow the lives of the rich and famous. 3. What makes finding opportunities in life much easier? AAdriverless car i
3、n the city. BThe absence of new technology. CThe weathertracking programme. DThe Internet. 4. What is the last paragraph mainly about? AThe writers benefits from new technology. B.The importance of technological advances. CThe social media network. DThe scary side of change. 答案 14BADA Words and Phra
4、ses 知识要点 1 combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合 ( 教 材 P16)Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. 也要小心地将这些大楼和周围的建筑结合起来，形成一个有效的系统。 2 例 1She successfully combines her career with family life. 她成功地兼顾了事业和家庭。 例 2Let us combine our firms again
5、st our competitors. 让我们把公司联合起来，对付与我们竞争的公司。 知识拓展 (1)combine.with/and.把与结合起来 combine.into.把合成 (2)combination n.结合；联合；化合(物) 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 The club is supported by a combination(combine)of people from all social classes. We cant always combine work with/and pleasure. 他们把两个小店合成一个大的。 They combined the t
6、wo small shops into a big one 理论和实践应该结合好，这让一个学生成为合格的学习者。 Theory and practice should be well combined, which makes a student a qualified learner. 小片段填空 The relay is the most exciting race in track and field competition, a combination of speed and technique, and the ability to combine individual runni
7、ng with team precision in passing the baton. 在径赛与田赛项目中， 接力赛是最激动人心的比赛。 它是速度与技术的结合， 个人速度与团队准确传递接力棒之能力的结合。 知识要点 2 predict vt. 预测；预言；预料 (教材 P18)Words such as predict, prediction, and forecast, are also used quite often when making predictions. 像 predict, prediction 和 forecast 这样的词在进行预测时也经常被用到。 例 1I cann
8、ot predict when to meet her again. 我无法预测什么时候会再见到她。 例 2She predicted that he would marry a doctor. 3 她预言他会同一位医生结婚。 知识拓展 predict从句预测 predict n. to do.预测做 It is predicted that.据预测 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 This trend can be predicted to continue(continue)throughout 2020 and well into 2030. It is predicted (predi
9、ct)that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come to 1，000，000 a year. 要准确地预言这会有什么影响是不可能的。 It is not possible to predict with certainty what effect this will have 我最喜欢历史，因为它有助于我鉴往知来。 I like history most, because it helps me to predict the future by reviewing the past. 知识要点 3 o
10、ppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 (教材 P20)In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. 在这篇文章中，很多人说公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车。 例 1The old man cant bear anyone in the family to oppose him. 这位老人决不能容忍家里有人违抗他。 例 2We totally oppose the use of gas to kill any animal. 我们完全反对
11、使用毒气杀害任何动物。 知识拓展 (1)oppose (doing)sth.object to (doing)sth. 反对(做)某事 (2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的 be opposed to (doing)sth. be against (doing)sth. 反对(做)某事(to 为介词) as opposed to而，相对于(表示对比) 4 即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换 We oppose settling(settle)this matter by force. Many old men are opposed to cutting (cut)down the 100
12、yearold tree for rebuilding a shopping center. This exercise develops suppleness(柔韧性)as opposed (oppose)to strength. Do you oppose my speaking to him about it？ Are you opposed to my speaking to him about it? 知识要点 4 absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席 (教材 P20)On the one hand, there are many different groups of people
13、 around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. 一方面，世界上有许多不同的群体，他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活 着。 例 1Amajor problem is the absence of water. 一个主要的问题是缺水。 例 2My father did all the cooking in my mothers absence. 妈妈不在家时都是爸爸做饭。 知识拓展 (1)absence from.缺席；没参加 absence of mind心不在焉 during/in ones absenc
14、e(in the absence of sb.) 当某人缺席/不在的时候 (2)absent adj.缺席的，不在的 be absent from缺席，不在 absentminded adj.心不在焉的 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Mr.White has been absent from work for days, so he knows nothing about our plan. Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident. Please look after my house during my ab
15、sence (absent). 他经常缺课都是因为他的病。 5 His frequent absences from school is all because of his illness. 关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。 There has been much gossip about the possible reasons for his absence 图形助记 小片段填空 Many elderly people would, however, like to own a pet but sadly suitable support in the form of daily care，
16、housing or finance is absent 然而，许多老年人喜欢养宠物，但遗憾的是，在日常护理、合适的住房或财 务方面缺乏适当的支持。 知识要点 5 advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护n提倡者；支持者；拥护者 (教材 P20)They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. 他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。 例 1I dont advocate doing such things. 我不支持干这样的事情。 例 2These policies hav
17、e been widely advocated. 这些政策已得到广泛的拥护。 知识拓展 (1)advocate doing sth.主张/提倡做某事 advocate宾语从句(从句谓语用 should动词原形，should 可省略) (2)an advocate for/of 的支持者/拥护者 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Many experts advocate rewarding(reward)your child for good behaviour. People advocate that something (should) be done (do)to protect the
18、 environment.People advocate doing (do)something to protect the environment. 他是一个多造飞机、少造军舰的拥护者。 He is an advocate for/of more planes and fewer warships. 6 我不支持建立大工厂。 I do not advocate building large factories 知识要点 6 keep in touch (with.)(与)保持联系； 了解(某课题或领域的 情况) (教材 P20)Moreover, the Internet has made
19、 it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。 例 1Were a tight group, so we do keep in touch. 我们关系很好，所以的确保持着联系。 例 2We must keep in touch with what is happening in foreign countries. 我们必须了解国外的动态。 知识拓展 get in
20、/into touch with和取得联系 lose touch with和失去联系；对变得生疏 be in touch with同有联系；了解的情况 be out of touch with同失去联系；与没有通信 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Ive lost touch with all my old friends. Im trying to get in/into touch with Jane.Do you have her number? 实话告诉你，我和大部分的老朋友都失去了联系。 To be frank with you, Ive been out of touch with
21、 most of my old friends. 保安人员与当地警方保持密切联系。 The security staff were in close touch with the local police. 你离开后，要确保与我联系。 Be sure to keep in touch with me while you are away. 知识要点 7 resist vi.& vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 (教材 P20)Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than
22、 resist it. 不过，我总是会看到变化积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。 例 1I was not strongwilled enough to resist his offer. 7 我意志不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。 例 2Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist diseases. 营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。 知识拓展 (1)resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物 resist doing sth.抵制做某事 cant resist/help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事 (2)r
23、esistance n.抗拒，反对 (3)resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的 be resistant to.对有抵抗力 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 As they suppose, there has been a lot of resistance(resist)to this plan. Some government officials werent resistant to the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end. 她到那里时，禁不住想走进去。 When she got to the p
24、lace, she could not resist going in 如果我们抵触那些被列为不开心的事情，这会导致更多的抗拒，也就会导 致更多的不开心。 If we resist the feelings that we categorize as unpleasant, it simply causes more resistance, leading to more unhappiness. 我忍不住把那个秘密告诉了他。 I couldnt resist telling him the secret Sentence Patterns 重点句式 1 现在分词作定语 (教材 P20)Pro
25、bably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. 最著名的可能是阿米什人，一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。 句式分析：现在分词短语 living in rural America 作名词 Christians 的后置定 语。 例 1Barking dogs seldom bite. 8 爱叫的狗很少咬人。 例 2The bottle containing the poison was sent to the laboratory. 盛毒药的那个瓶子被送到实验室去了。 知识拓
26、展 (1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系， 表 示该动作的主动和进行。 (2)单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则 放在所修饰词的后面。 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Make less noise.Theres a sleeping (sleep)child. There is a note on the door saying (say)“On Holiday” 你认识那个正与你父亲交谈的人吗？ Do you know the man talking to your father? 等着见到那位著名演员的女孩是我的同学。 The
27、girl waiting to see the famous actor is my classmate. 正在隔壁唱歌的那个女孩是我的同学。 The girl singing in the next room is my classmate. 重点句式 2 make it .(for sb.)to do. (教材 P20)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the worl
28、d. 此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。 句式分析： 句中made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch为“make it .(for sb.)to do.”结构，意为“使(某人)做(某事)成为”，形容词 possible 是宾语补足语。 例 1He made it his objective in life to find the island. 他把找到那座岛屿当成自己的人生目标。 例 2Rising costs made it hard to carry on the business. 上涨的
29、成本使得生意难做。 知识拓展 在 make it.(for sb.)to do.结构中，it 是形式宾语，to do.是真正的宾语。常 9 用这种结构的动词还有 find, feel, think, consider 等。 即学即练完成句子 他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。 He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well. 他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当作规定去执行。 Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to do running for an hour every day. 她认为好好照顾她生病的
30、母亲是她的责任。 She feels it her duty to take good care of her sick mother 她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。 The fact that she was foreign made it difficult for her to get a job in that country. 重点句式 3 as 引导原因状语从句 (教材 P20)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger
31、networks of friends through using social media. 它还让人们在生活中寻找机会更容易， 因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交 更多的朋友。 句式分析：as 引导原因状语从句，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来 说，as 引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。 例 1As you werent there I left a message. 因为你不在那里， 我留了个信儿。 例 2We decided to cement our garden as we do not like flowers. 我们决定把花园铺上水泥，因为我们不喜欢花。 知识拓展 (1
32、)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时；一边一边；随着”。 (2)引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。 (3)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装。 (4)引导比较状语从句，表示“像一样地” 。 即学即练完成句子 因为又下起雨来了，我们只好待在家里了。 As its raining again, well have to stay at home. 他匆匆忙忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。 10 He hurried home, looking behind as he went 告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇的。 Do as you are told to, or youll be
33、 fired. 她虽然聪明，但不是很有洞察力。 Intelligent as/though she was, she had not much insight. 每个人都喜欢他，因为他诚实。 Everyone likes him, as he is honest 间接信息题 间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对 原文信息进行加工或整理(“断章取义”)后得出结论。 例文 The main reason for this is the drivers, who are called “cabbies” Many of them are true Cockneys. T
34、his means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect(方言)of English.All of them know every street and famous building in the city， and all of them love to talk. A simple twentyminute journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the gov
35、ernment and its leaders or a friendly talk about the drivers Aunty Nellie! One thing is for sure, it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars, the Royal Family, government leaders, and popular singers or actors and actresses. From what can we tell that someone is a Cock
36、ney? ATheir interest.BTheir manners. CTheir speech.DTheir appearance. 试题特点 间接理解题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话， 而是使用与文中同义 或近义的词语来表达。 学生需对原文信息进行加工处理， 然后再进一步推理鉴别， 也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。 解题思路 11 Step 1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字) Step 2：根据关键词定位信息句(中句) Step 3：尝试解答根据信息句可知，真正的 Cockneys 出生在伦敦，说伦 敦特殊的方言，对伦敦地理熟悉且喜欢交谈。所以通
37、过一个人的说话就能判断他 是不是 Cockney。故选 C。 针对性练习 Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses.People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours.However, they can also be similar in way
38、s of connecting with each other.We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages. Some legends hold that, thousands of years ago, there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth.It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same lang
39、uage though historical evidence does not support this, of course. Today, there are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet, there are some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For exampl
40、e, some people believe music is a universal language.There may be some scientific support for this idea, too.Experts have learned that, across cultures, people can recognize three common emotions in music：happiness, sadness and fear. So what other types of universal languages might there be? Some pe
41、ople believe dance is a universal language.Along with music, dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it? We bet you could! Another universal
42、 language that you might not have thought of is math! If you think about it now, though, it just makes sense.The value of pi is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth, likewise, figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations, regardless of whether youre cou
43、nting in dollars, pesos or coconuts. 1Why is music regarded as a universal language? 12 AIt can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life. BIt can be understood more easily than languages. CIt usually comes from different backgrounds. DIt helps people to share common feelings. D根据第三段中的“Experts hav
44、e learned that, across cultures, people can recognize three common emotions in music： happiness, sadness and fear.(专家们了解 到， 在不同的文化中， 人们可以识别音乐中的三种常见情感： 快乐， 悲伤和恐惧)” 可知，音乐被认为是一种通用的语言，因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故 D 选项正确。 2. What are the universal languages according to the passage? AMath, English and music. BMusic,
45、 dance and math. CHistory, culture and music. DEmotion, songs and music. B根据第三段中的“For example, some people believe music is a universal language.”及第四段中的“Some people believe dance is a universal language.”和第 五 段 中 的 “Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math！”可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故 B 选项正确。
