1、1 单元综合检测(二) .阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) A If you have a chance to go to Finland， you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are. Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly highclass Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometre.You can go anywh
2、ere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，saying that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety. The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests，but also serve outside diners.Hotel guest
3、s have their meals free，so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration(注册)cards to the waiter.With such a loose check，you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free
4、 of charge. The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They will work on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate.From then on，they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly. With so many loopholes (漏洞)in everyday life，surely Finland must be a he
5、aven to those who love to take “petty advantages”But the strange thing is，all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business； not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.And workers always givean honest account of
6、 the exact hours they put in.As the Finnishes always act on good faith in everything they do，living in such a society has turned everyone into a real“gentleman” In a society of such high moral practice，what need isthere for people to be on guard against others? 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在作者眼中，芬兰人的“愚蠢”随处可 见，可高度
7、文明的芬兰人却很自律，谁也不会占小便宜。 1While taking a taxi in Finland，_ Aa passenger can go anywhere without having to pay the driver Ba passenger pays two US dollars for a taxi ride 2 Ca passenger can never be refused by the taxi driver wherever he wants to go Da passenger needs to provide a demonstration of goodfa
8、ith before leaving without paying C细节理解题。由第二段中的“You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，saying that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.”可知，C 项为正确选项。 2We know from the passage t
9、hat big hotels in Finland _ Aare mostly poorly managed Bprovide meals for any diners Cprovide free wine and charge for food Dprovide meals for only those who live in the hotels B细节理解题。由第三段中的“The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests，but also serve outside diners.”可知，餐厅除了接待酒店入住的
10、客人，也接待非入住的客人。 3Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? AThe workers in Finland are paid by the hour. BThe workers are always honest with their working hours. CThe workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay. DThe bosses in Finland are too busy to che
11、ck the working hours of their employees. D细节理解题。由第四段可知，员工只要告诉老板自己工作的时长，老板 就会付相应的酬金。这说明芬兰社会的文明程度很高，彼此信任，不能说明老板 太忙而没时间亲自检查员工的工作时间。 B (2020浙江台州书生中学高一上第一次月考) There is an old saying that America and Britain are “two nations divided by a common language” No one knows exactly who said this， but it reflects
12、 the way many British peoplefeelabout American English.But are American and British English 3 really so different? Vocabulary The most obvious difference between American and British English is vocabulary.There are hundreds of everyday words that are different.For example， Americans go on vacation w
13、hile British people go on holiday；New Yorkers live in apartments while Londoners live in flats.There are far more examples than we can talk about here.Fortunately，most Americans and British people can usually guess the meaning through the context of a sentence. Past Tense Verbs Youll also find some
14、differences in past forms of irregular verbs.The past tense of “learn” in American English is “learned” British English has the option of “learned” or “learnt”The same rule applies to “dreamed” and “dreamt”， “burned” and “burnt” ，and “leaned” and “leant” Americans tend to use the ed ending; British
15、people tend to use the t ending. Spelling There are hundreds of slight spelling differences betweenBritishand AmericanEnglish.Noah Webster，an author，politician and teacher，made an effort to reform English spelling in the late 1700s. Webster wanted to spell words the way they sounded.You can see Webs
16、ters legacy in the American spelling of words like color ( from colour)，honor (from honour)，and labor (from labour). Not So DifferentAfterAll British and American English have far more similarities than differences.With the exception of some regional dialects ，most British people and Americans can u
17、nderstand each other without too much difficulty.They watch each others TV shows，sing each others songs and read each others books.They even make fun of each others accents (口音). 【语篇解读】本文介绍了英式英语和美式英语的不同之处：词汇、动词过 去式、拼写。尽管有不同，但这并不影响两国人的交流。 4Which of the following is a group ofAmerican words? AVacation
18、；holiday.BApartment；flat. 4 CVacation；apartment.DHoliday；flat. C细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example，Americans go on vacation while British people go on holiday；New Yorkers live in apartments while Londoners live in flats.”可知，vacation 和 apartment 都是美国人用的词汇，故选 C 项。 5 The underlined word“option”in Paragraph 3 can
19、 be replaced by _ AchoiceBchange CstructureDuse A词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“learned”or“learnt”可知，关于 learn 的 过去式英国人可以写 learned 也可以写 learnt， 即他们可以在这两种写法中任选一 个。由此可以推测出画线词的意思是“选择” ，故选 A 项。 6 What do we know about British and American English from the last paragraph? AThey both have some strange words. BThey are aff
20、ecting people using them. CThey connect people of the two countries. DTheir differences have little effect on communication. D细节理解题。根据最后一段中“British and American English have far more similarities than differences.With the exception of some regional dialects，most British people and Americans can unde
21、rstand each other without too much difficulty.”可知，英式英语和美式英语的相似之处远多于不同之处，除了一些方 言，大多数英国人和美国人之间的交流是没有困难的。也就是说，这两种英语的 不同几乎不影响人们的交流，故选 D 项。 7What can be the best title for the text? AWays to Tell British English fromAmerican English BDifferences Between BritishandAmerican English CDevelopment of British
22、and American English DDifficulty for British People and Americans to Understand Each Other B标题归纳题。本文主要介绍英式英语和美式英语的不同之处，选项 5 B.Differences between British and American English.(英式英语和美式英语之间的 不同之处)可以作为本文标题。故选 B 项。 C Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun ， according to a Common Sense
23、 Media report published Monday. While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers，some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives，and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. According to the reports key findings， “the proportion (
24、比例)who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13yearolds and 9 percent of 17yearolds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.” The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children，ages 2 8， remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent
25、in reading each session has declined，from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session. When it comes to technology and reading，the report does little to counsel (建 议)parents looking for data about the effect of ereaders and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents st
26、ill limit electronic reading， mainly due to concerns about increased screen time. The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently，compared
27、 to infrequent readers， have more books in the home， more books purchased for them， parents who read more often，and parents who set aside time for them to read. As the end of school approaches，and school vacation reading lists loom(逼 近)ahead，parents might take this chance to step in and make their o
28、wn summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了 Common Sense Media(常识 媒体)的一个研究报告。报告内容是有关儿童阅读习惯的。该报告表明家长的示 范引领对于儿童阅读习惯的培养作用非凡。 8What is the Common Sense Media report probably about? AChildrens reading habits. 6 BQuality of childrens books. CChildrens af
29、terclass activities. DParentchild relationships. A主旨大意题。全文贯穿的一个重要线索词是 report，这个 report 就是 Common Sense Media 发布的，因此从第一段便可得出答案，常识媒体的报告内 容是有关儿童阅读习惯方面的。故选 A 项。 9 Where can you find the data that best supports“children are reading a lot less for fun”？ AIn Paragraph 2.BIn Paragraph 3. CIn Paragraph 4.DIn
30、 Paragraph 5. B推理判断题。第一段提出“儿童更少地为了乐趣而阅读”，第三段利用 了一些数据来支持这一论点。故选 B 项。 10Why do many parents limit electronic reading? AEbooks are of poor quality. BIt could be a waste of time. CIt may harm childrens health. DEreaders are expensive. C细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的“mainly due to concerns about increased screen time
31、”可以推出， 家长限制孩子电子阅读的原因是担心孩子使用电 子产品的时间增加，会对健康造成危害。故选 C 项。 11How should parents encourage their children to read more? AAct as role models for them. BAsk them to write book reports. CSet up reading groups for them. DTalk with their reading class teachers. A推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“The most hopeful data shared in
32、the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.”可知，家长应该起模范带头作用，引导孩子多 阅读。故选 A 项。 D 7 It is said that many brain training products is able to keep us mentally fit.Some products even claim that brain training can prevent demen
33、tia (痴呆)in old age.Many such products are only moneymaking rubbish.Also，there is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have this effect.That is what the German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG)pointed out. As we get older，our thinking gets slower and i
34、t is harder for us to learn new things.Many people try to stay mentally fit by，for example，learning a new language or doing crossword puzzles.Computer games that aim to keep the brain active are also becoming increasingly popular.“Doing exercises like trying to find symbols on a computer screen as f
35、ast as possible can actually improve your reaction time ， ” explains Professor Peter Sawicki， the Institutes Director. “But scientific studies have shown that brain training only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at.So if you learn to find symbols quickly，it does not mean that y
36、ou will be able to improve your memory.” Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance ( 加 强)peoples overall (全面的)mental abilities as commonly thought.“So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training：there are no health reasons for doing it， ” says Sawicki.“But
37、 if you think brain training exercises are interesting， you can try out different things.For example，completing the order of letters can improve your logic skills.And practicing word association techniques can help you to remember things better.You can do all of these things at home on your own.” 【语
38、篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究发现大脑训练并不会 像人们认为的那样提高人的大脑能力。 12 What can we learn about the brain training products according to the passage? AThey are expensive. BThey are effective. CThey are harmful to the brain. DThey are unreliable. D细节理解题。 根据第一段的“Many such products are only moneymaking rubbish.Also，there
39、is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have 8 this effect.(很多这样的产品都是只为了赚钱的垃圾。而且，没有科学证据可以证 明这些游戏或大脑锻炼有这种功效)”可知，本文作者认为大脑训练产品是不可 靠的，因为没有科学证据证明它们有用。They are unreliable(它们不可靠)符合以 上说法，故选 D 项。 13According to Peter Sawicki，brain training exercises can _ Aonly improve a certain abilit
40、y of people Bhelp all people improve their memory Ckeep the brain active for a longer time Donly improve your reaction time A细节理解题。根据第二段的“But scientific studies have shown that brain training only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at.So if you learn to find symbols quickly，it do
41、es not mean that you will be able to improve your memory.(但研究表明：大脑训练只能使其所针对的一个方面得到改善，所以，如 果你学会了快速寻找图像， 这并不意味着你就能提高你的记忆能力)”可知， Peter Sawicki 认为大脑训练只能改善人的某一项能力。only improve a certain ability of people(只能改善人的某一项能力)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 14 The last paragraph shows that brain training exercises should be done _
42、 Awhen you cant learn new things Bin a relaxing way Cunder strict instructions Dwhen your thinking gets much slower B推理判断题。 根据最后一段的“So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training：there are no health reasons for doing it， says Sawicki. But if you think brain training exercises are
43、 interesting，you can try out different things.(Sawicki 说：“所以，如果你不喜欢大脑训练，也没有必要感觉糟糕：这 样做没有任何健康方面的理由。”“但如果你认为大脑训练很有趣，你可以尝试 不同的东西。”)”可推测，Sawicki 认为做大脑训练时应该放松，不要想太多， 如果觉得有趣就做，如果觉得不喜欢就不做。in a relaxing way(用放松的方式)符 合以上推测，故选 B 项。 9 15On the whole，researchers think that brain training exercises _ Aarent as e
44、ffective as commonly thought Bare just designed for young people to have fun Cmay benefit people in some indirect ways Dshouldnt be encouraged A细节理解题。 根据最后一段的“Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance peoples overall mental abilities as commonly thought.(研究 还没有表明大脑训练可以像通常认为的那
45、样保持或加强人们的整体智力)”可 知，研究人员认为大脑训练没有人们通常认为的那样有效。arent as effective as commonly thought(不是像通常认为的那样有效)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 .阅读七选五(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) How to Remember What You Read Reading is important.But the next step is making sure that you remember what youve read！_16_ You may have just read the text，
46、but the ideas，concepts and images (形象)may fly right out of your head.Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read. _17_ If the plot，characters，or word usage is confusing for you，you likely wont be able to remember what you read.Its a bit like reading a foreign language.If you dont understand
47、what youre reading，how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do.Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words. Are you connected? Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you，and make you want to read more?
48、With some books，you may feel a connection right away._18_How willing are you to make the connections happen? Read it;hear it; be it! Read the lines.Then，speak them out loud.And，put some characters into the words.When he was writing his novels， Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the character
49、s.Hed make faces in the mirror ， and change his voice for each 10 character._19_ How often do you read? If you read frequently，youll likely have an easier time with remembering what youre reading (and what youve read)._20_ As you make reading a regular part of your life，youll make more connections，s
50、tay more focused and understand the text better.Youll learn to enjoy literatureas you remember what you read! AAre you confused? BPractice makes perfect. CWhats your motivation? DMemory is sometimes a tricky thing. EMarking helps you remember what you read. FBut other books require a bit more work o
