1、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1.共同点： 现在完成时和一般过去时都表示一个在过去完成的动作。 2.区别： 现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现 在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况。而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生， 不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。 Who opened the door? (“谁开的门？”只强调过去开门这一动作，门现在可能已 关上。) Who has opened the door? (“谁把门开了？”强调门现在依然还开着。) 现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用，如：three days ago, last year, yes
2、terday, last Sunday, in2008 等等。如句中有以上这些明确的过去时间状语，应用 一般过去时。再有，过去发生的一个动作，如现在情况已经发生的变化，也应用一 般过去时。 特别提醒：如果这些过去时间状语前有 since，表示“自过去某一时间一直延 续到现在”，应用现在完成时。 He finished reading the book the day before yesterday. I put my ruler in my pencil-box, but I cant find it now. My cousin has been in Nanjing since 2009
3、. 现在完成时不与 when 引导的特殊疑问句连用， when 后只用一般过去时表示 已发生的动作。但现在完成时可与 where, why 等疑问词连用。如：Where have you been? (你去过哪里了？) -The train has left. -When did the train leave? since 引导的时间状语从句后面用一般过去时，只有前面的主句才用现在完 成时。 We have known each other since we came to the school two years ago. 有些时间状语，如 this morning, this month
4、, tonight 等，既可以与一般过去时 连用，又可以与现在完成时连用，但内涵不同。与一般过去时连用时，表示与“现 在”无关，时间已成为过去。而与现在完成时连用，则表示包括“现在”在内。 I saw him this morning. (时间已不在上午了。) I have seen him this morning. (说话时间还是上午。) He lived in New York for eight years. (他现在已经不在纽约住了。) He has lived in New York for eight years. (他现在还在纽约居住。) 同步练习 动词填空： 1. I _(s
5、ee)Tom last Friday. 2. _you _(go)to the Great Wall last summer? 3.-Where _you _(put) my pen? -I _(put) it in my pencil-box, but its nowhere to be found. 4.When _you_(start) to live in China? 5.-The train_ (leave) already. -When _ the train _(leave)? 6.It is five years since I _(meet) you last. 7.Whe
6、re _ you_(be) for the last two weeks? 8.I _ (lose)my pen in the bedroom. I have to write with a pencil. 单项选择： ( ) 1. -Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. - I _ it right here. But now its gone! A.did you put; have put B. have you put;put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; have
7、 put ( ) 2. My father _ here since he _ to this school. A. taught; came B.has taught; came C. taught; has come D. has taught; has come ( ) 3. I am sorry youve missed the train. It_ 10 minutes ago. (山东) A. left B. has left C. has been left D.had left ( ) 4. Hi! Jim! Nice to meet you again! Its one ye
8、ar since I last _ you.(重庆) A. saw B. see C. seeing D. have seen ( ) 5. - Have you visited the Dinosaur World,Elsa?（宁波） - Yes, I _ it yesterday. A. have visited B. had visited C. visited D. visit ( ) 6. - Nice to see you. I _ you for along time. (南京) - I _ in Bejing. Ive just come back. A. hadnt seen
9、; am B. havent seen; was C. didnt see; will be D. havent seen; shall be ( ) 7. -What is the weather like this summer here? - There _ very little rain. A. hasB. has been C. are D. have been ( ) 8. When _you _ your dictionary? A. did; lose B. has; lost C. will; lose D. does; lose ( ) 9. Where _ you _?
10、 Which answer is not right? A. are; going B. have; been C. did; go D.are; doing ( ) 10. There _ many great changes in my hometown since ten years ago. A. wereB. have C. are D. have been Keys: 动词填空： 1. saw 2. Did, go 3. have, put, put 4. did,start5. has left, did, leave 6. met 7. have, been 8. have lost 单项选择： 15 BBAAC 610 BBADD
