1、UnitUnit 7 7ArtArt LessonLesson 2 2 情绪 *He lost control of his emotionsemotions. 他的情绪失去了控制。 *Mary was overcome with emotionemotion. 玛丽激动得不能自持。 *She was inin badbad emotionemotion, so dont bother her. 她情绪不好, 所以不要打扰她。 *She offered him emotionalemotional and practical support in countless ways. 她用无数种方式
2、给予他情感支持和实际支持。 *He said that we were emotionallyemotionally immature. 他说我们在感情上是不成熟的。 (1)in good/bad emotion好/坏心情 (2)emotionaladj.情绪的; 易激动的; 感动人的 (3)emotionallyadv.感情上; 情绪上; 令人激动地; 情绪冲动地 (1)语法填空。 Theright-winggrouphadalreadybeenpoleaxedmentallyandemotionallyemotionally (emotional). She was carrying a
3、lot of emotionalemotional (emotion)baggage. (2)You can deal with problems easily when youyou areare inin goodgood emotionemotion. 当你有好的情绪时, 你可以很容易地处理问题。 2. masterv. 掌握, 精通n.大师; 主人 *They lived in fear of their mastermaster. 他们惧怕主人, 提心吊胆地过日子。 *French was a language he had never masteredmastered. 法语是他一
4、直没有学好的一门语言。 master of sth.的主人 be ones own master独立自主 (1)语法填空。 She was a master ofof the English language. She struggled hard toto mastermaster(master) her temper. (2)She was no longer mastermaster ofof herher ownown futurefuture. 她已无法把握自己的未来。 (3)Students are expected toto mastermaster a a secondseco
5、nd languagelanguage. 学生应该掌握一门第二语言。 3. aspectn.方面 *The book aims to cover all aspectsaspects of city life. 这本书旨在涵盖城市生活的各个方面。 *She felt she had looked at the problem from every aspectaspect. 她觉得她已从各个角度考虑了这个问题。 aspect of的方面 from many aspects从很多角度/方面 =from many perspective=from many angles (1)语法填空。 He w
6、as interested in all aspects ofof the work here. This computer is superior in many aspectsaspects(aspect) to that one. (2)This was oneone aspectaspect ofof her character he hadnt seen before. 这是他过去没有了解到的她的性格的一个方面。 (3)Climate and weather affect everyevery aspectaspect ofof ourour liveslives. 气候和天气影响我
7、们生活的每个方面。 4. minoradj.小的; (音乐)小调的; 不很重要的 *There may be some minorminor changes to the schedule. 时间安排也许会有些小小的变动。 *She is known in Italy for a number of minorminor roles in films. 她因担任电影中许多配角而闻名意大利。 (1)minorityn.少数 in a/the minority占少数 (2)majoradj.主要的; 重要的; 主修的; 较多的 n.主修科目 vi.主修 major in. . .主修 (3)maj
8、orityn.大半, 大多数 a/the majority of的大多数 in a/the majority占大多数 by/with a majority of以多数 (1)语法填空。 If they find themselves inin the minority,they will behave very differently. Only a minorityminority(minor) of young people play classical instruments. InIn the majority of cases,we believe it is a benefit.
9、He won the seat withwith a majority of 71 votes. (2)The filing cabinet that sounds likelike a a minorminor thingthing was invented in the 1890s. 这 个文件柜听起来微不足道, 它是在 19 世纪 90 年代发明的。 5. tenseadj. 紧张的; 焦虑不安的v. (使)紧张 *Hes a very tensetense person. 他是个神经非常紧张的人。 *His muscles tensedtensed as he got ready to
10、 run. 他准备起跑时肌肉绷紧了。 *Players getget tensedtensed upup before a match. 运动员在比赛前都感到神经紧张。 *We laughed and that helped ease the tensiontension. 我们笑了, 因而使紧张的情绪缓和下来。 (1)be/get tensed up变得神经紧张 (2)tensen.时态 tensionn.紧张, 压力 (1)语法填空。 The passengers got tensedtensed (tense)up when they heard the ship was robbed.
11、 He is suffering from nervous tensiontension (tense);we should understand him. (2)The verb is in the present tense. 译: 这个动词使用的是现在时态这个动词使用的是现在时态。 6. respondvi. 反应; 响应 make a/no response to . . .对给予/没有回答 in response (to)作为(对的)回应 (1)语法填空。 He responded toto my suggestion with a laugh/by laughing. The pr
12、oduct was developed inin response to customers demand. (2)He respondedresponded quicklyquickly toto the new medicine. 他服了这种新药很快就有效了。 (3)The law was passed inin responseresponse toto publicpublic pressurepressure. 在公众压力下该法规获得了通过。 【补偿训练】 一句多译。 他对我的建议未做出回应, 这让我感到很失望。 He mademade nono responseresponse t
13、oto mymy suggestion,suggestion,which made me very disappointed. He didndidnt t respondrespond toto mymy suggestion,suggestion,which made me very disappointed. 7. hesitatevi.犹豫, 踌躇 *(2019北京高考)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitatedhesitated to buy them a
14、 meal. 如果一个学生在往返学校的长途驾驶中饿了, 威尔森会毫不犹豫地请他们吃饭。 *She agreed to see him again withoutwithout hesitationhesitation. 她没有犹豫就同意和他再次见面。 *Dont hesitatehesitate aboutabout your decision once you think it over. 只要你思考清楚了, 就不要犹豫你的决定。 (1)hesitate to do sth. /about doing sth.不愿/犹豫做某事 hesitate at/about/over sth.对某事迟疑
15、不决 (2)hesitationn.犹豫 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 (1)语法填空。 Please do not hesitate toto contactcontact (contact) me if you have any questions. With some hesitationhesitation (hesitate) and an uncertain smile,she held out her hand. I hesitate about/overabout/over taking his side until I know the whole stor
16、y. (2)We are at your service. DonDont t hesitatehesitate toto turnturn toto usus if you have any further requests. 我们随时为您服务。如果你有任何进一步的要求, 请尽管来找我们。 【补偿训练】 句型转换。 He had no hesitation in jumping into the water to save the drowning girl. HeHe didndidnt t hesitatehesitate toto jumpjump into the water to
17、save the drowning girl. 8. chargevt.收费, 要价; 控告; 指控; 充电n.U, C费用, 要价n.U主管, 负责; C, U指控, 控告 *(2019全国卷)At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedchargedand some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. 起初, 每份报纸的价格很少是一美分通常是两三美分而一些较早的知名 报纸则
18、是五六美分。 *The noise shakes the trees as the male elephant beats his chest and chargescharges toward me. 当雄象拍打着胸膛向我冲过来时, 声音震得树都摇动了。 *The restaurant chargedcharged 2020 forfor dinner. 这家餐馆收了 20 英镑的餐费。 *He was chargedcharged withwith murder. 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。 *They left the au pair inin chargecharge ofof the ch
19、ildren for a week. 他们把孩子留给换工照料一周。 *He tooktook chargecharge ofof the farm after his fathers death. 他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。 *The leaflet is available freefree ofof chargecharge from post offices. 小册子可免费向邮局索取。 【导图理词】 【巧学助记】一言串记 “charge” The manager inin chargecharge ofof the company waswas chargedcharged withwi
20、th chargingcharging the customer 1, 000 dollars forfor chargingcharging the battery. 负责该公司的经理由于向充电的顾客收费 1 000 美元而被控告。 charge sb. with sth. 意思同 accuse sb. of sth. 表示“控告某人犯某罪”, 但 搭配不同。 (1)语法填空。 Thirdly, I wonder how much you will charge us forfor the six-week course. He was also charged withwith lying
21、 to federal officers. You can get the book free ofof charge according to the rule. (2)句型转换。 He takes charge of the work. He is inin chargecharge ofof the work. The work is inin thethe chargecharge ofof him. The police have charged Mr Bell with murder. The police have accusedaccused Mr Bell ofof murd
22、er. 9. refer to 指的是; 参考, 查阅; 涉及, 提到; 提交 *You can referrefer toto physical appearance as you make comments. 评论时可以提到外表。 *Now and then I referredreferred a client toto him. 我不时地介绍客户给他。 *I am writing withwith referencereference toto your article on salaries for scientists. 我给你写信是要谈谈你写的有关科学家工资的那篇文章。 (1)r
23、efer to . . . as . . .把称作 refer . . . to . . .把提交给(以求获得帮助) (2)referencen.提及; 参考; 查阅 in/with reference to关于 Official seals referrefer toto those of emperors and officials. 官印指的是官方的用印, 包括帝王的玉玺和官员的印章。 (1)语法填空。 Johnson referred to the discovery asas a major breakthrough in medical science yesterday. The
24、 girl always refersrefers to the referencereference books as her good friends and helpers. (refer) (2)He should call 802-247-9999 for the information in/within/with referencereference toto(关于)his delayed baggage. (3)You may referrefer thethe mattermatter toto himhim(把这件事委托给他)if necessary. 10. compos
25、evt. 构成; 作(曲); 写作 *Mozart composedcomposed his last opera shortly before he died. 莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。 *She composedcomposed a letter of protest. 她写了一封抗议信。 (1)be composed of=be made up of=consist of 由组成 (2)composern.作曲家; 作家, 著作家 (3)compositionn.音乐作品; 成分 consist of 不用于进行时态, 也不用于被动语态。consist of 可以与
26、be made up of/be composed of 互换。 (1)语法填空。 Every substance,no matter what it is,is composed ofof very small particles called molecules. Your password should consist ofof at least 6 characters. (2)一句多译。 地球由七大洲四大洋组成。 TheThe EarthEarth consistsconsists ofof sevenseven continentscontinents andand fourfou
27、r oceans.oceans. TheThe EarthEarth isis mademade upup of/isof/is composedcomposed ofof sevenseven continentscontinents andand fourfour oceans.oceans. 11. It was not until Caroline Unger,one of the singers,took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a
28、 success. 直到其中一个歌手卡洛琳昂格尔拉着他的手臂转向观众, 这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐取 得了成功。 【句式解构】 本句使用了强调句型, 其结构为 It is/was+被强调部分+that/who . . . *ItIt isis byby listeninglistening toto andand understandingunderstanding eacheach otherother thatthat problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通过相互倾听和相互理解, 孩子和父母之间的问题才能被解决。
29、*ItIt waswas PaulPaul who/thatwho/that broke the window just now. 刚刚是保罗打破了窗户。 *ItIt waswas himhim that/whothat/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我在街上看见的就是他。 *You are waiting at a wrong place. ItIt isis atat thethe hotelhotel thatthat the coach picks up tourists. 你等错地方了。长途汽车是在旅馆接游客的。 *
30、WasWas itit becausebecause JackJack camecame latelate forfor schoolschool thatthat Mr Smith got angry? 是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗? *WhatWhat waswas itit thatthat prevented him from coming in time? 是什么使他没及时来到? *ItIt waswas notnot untiluntil allall thethe fishfish inin thethe riverriver dieddied outout thatt
31、hat they realised the importance of environmental protection. 直到河里所有的鱼都死光了, 他们才意识到环保的重要性。 强调句小结 (1)强调句式的构成: It is/was+被强调部分+that/who . . . , 当被强调的部分为主语时, 句 子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。 (2)强调句的一般疑问句: Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who . . . ? (3)强调句的特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/who . . . ? (4)对“not . . . until . . . ”进行强
32、调时, 应使用句型“It is/was not until . . . that . . . ”。当 not until 置于句首时, 句子要用倒装。 注意: (1)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等, 不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词强 调时用“do/does/did+动词原形”。 (2)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法: 把 it is/was 和 that/who 去掉, 再把被强调部分归位 到它本来的位置, 句子完整, 则为强调句。 (1)语法填空。 It was then thatthat Claire realised that Tony had opened the curt
33、ains of the front window. My voice was so little and the shop owner had to bend down to hear whatwhat it was that I wanted to buy. ItIt was because it snowed heavily that I stayed at home. (2)It is only whenwhen youyou cancan breakbreak freefree fromfrom thethe pastpast that a whole new world can op
34、en up to you. 只有当你能从过去中摆脱出来时, 一个全新的世界才会向你敞开。 (3)I think it is the people who have the same culture thatthat cancan shareshare theirtheir feelingsfeelings. 我认为, 正是那些有着相同文化的人可以分享他们的感受。 【要点拾遗】 1. strugglen.奋斗vi.奋斗, 拼搏 *(2019天津高考) Most of his adult life has been a losing strugglestruggle against debt an
35、d misfortune. 他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸的斗争中失败。 *(2019江苏高考)He struggledstruggled to explain what he heard in his head. 他挣扎着解释他脑子里听到的东西。 *You have to let us strugglestruggle forfor ourselves,even if we must die in the process. 你得让我们为自己去奋斗, 即使在此过程中我们必须死亡。 *He struggledstruggled toto hishis feetfeet, but in va
36、in. 他挣扎着站起来, 但没有成功。 struggle for为而斗争 struggle with/against sb. /sth.与某人/某物作斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 【巧学助记】小语段牢记“struggle”短语 Unluckily, the farmers have suffered a heavy drought this year. They have to struggle for a living. They are struggling with the bad weather for
37、 a better harvest. Anyway, they are struggling to increase their income. However, the financial crisis adds to their difficulties. As a result, they have to face the struggle for existence. 不幸的是, 今年农民已经遭受了严重的干旱。他们为了生活不得不奋斗。他们为了有更好的 收成一直在跟糟糕的天气抗争着。不管怎样, 他们都在努力增加收入。然而, 金融危机增加 了他们的困难。结果, 他们不得不面临生存的抗争。
38、(1)语法填空。 They struggled all through the years against/withagainst/with the Japanese. The fox struggled toto escapeescape (escape) from the cage. She struggled toto her feet and dragged slowly ahead. (2)句型转换。 The wounded soldier rose to his feet with difficulty. The wounded soldier struggledstruggled
39、 toto hishis feetfeet. 2. otherwiseadv.否则, 另外; 在其他方面, 除此之外conj.否则; 不然 *(2019浙江高考)Only about one in ten places offered him food that would otherwiseotherwise be discarded. 只有大约十分之一的地方提供给他食物, 这些食物否则就会被丢弃。 *(2019天津高考)The workers were not better organized, otherwiseotherwise they would have accomplished
40、 the task in half the time. 工人们组织得不够好, 否则他们就会在一半的 时间内完成任务了。 *My parents lent me the money. OtherwiseOtherwise,I couldnt have afforded the trip. 我父母借给我钱了。否则, 我可付不起这次旅费。 *There was some music playing upstairs. OtherwiseOtherwise the house was silent.楼上在播 放着某种音乐。除此以外, 房子里静悄悄的。 otherwise 的位置较灵活, 可用于句首、句
41、中或句末。用于句中一般作连词, 后面连接 句子; 用于句末时常作副词, 修饰动词或者整个句子。 (1)写出下列句中 otherwise 的汉语意思。 Seize the chance, otherwiseotherwise you will regret it. 要不然要不然 He was slightly bruised but otherwiseotherwise unhurt. 除此之外除此之外 The rent is high, but otherwiseotherwise the house is satisfactory. 在其他方面在其他方面 (2)You evidently t
42、hink otherwiseotherwise. 译: 显然你有另外的想法显然你有另外的想法。 (3)I ran all the way to school, otherwiseotherwise Id have been late. 我一路跑到学校, 要不然就迟到了。 3. I wish I knew more about them. 我希望多了解它们一些。 【句式解构】 本句中 wish 引导宾语从句, 从句谓语动词用虚拟语气。 *I wishwish I I werewere a bird now. 但愿我现在是一只鸟。 *I wishwish I I hadnhadnt t beenb
43、een late for school yesterday. 要是昨天我上学没迟到就好了。 *I wishwish I I wouldwould visit these places of interest tomorrow. 但愿明天我能参观这些名胜。 wish 引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气, 表示“未实现或不太可能实现的愿 望”。wish 后的宾语从句中的谓语形式如下: (1)did/were 表示与现在事实相反的愿望 (2)had done/been 表示与过去事实相反的愿望 (3)would/could/might+动词原形表示与将来事实相反的愿望 (1)语法填空。 I wi
44、sh she wouldwould trytry(try) again. I wish you hadhad comecome (come) to my birthday party. I wish I werewere(be)not so busy. (2)I wished I hadhad beenbeen richrich. 我真希望我富有。 (3)I wish you wouldwould gogo withwith usus tomorrowtomorrow. 要是你明天同我们一起去就好了。 语法精讲优化学习 同根词变形 A: Do you know what the word “e
45、ducation” means? B: Er, we can know it if we analyse its structure. We can see that “tion” is its affix(词缀), which means “action” or “state”, so we can know that it means a process or an action of educating,teaching and training. A: Oh, I see, that is to say, it involves the same roots change. B: Ye
46、s. 观察上面对话, 并类比填空: VerbNoun reactreactreaction exhibitexhibitexhibition expressexpressexpression 同根词变形是指在同一语种中词根相同、意义相似的词。其变化规律常见的形式有以下 几种: 名词后+ful 构成形容词, 如 carecareful useuseful 形容词后+ly 构成副词, 如 carefulcarefully quickquickly 名词后+ous 构成形容词, 如 dangerdangerous poisonpoisonous 表示天气的名词后+y 构成形容词, 如 sunsunn
47、y rainrainy 部 分 t 结 尾 的 形 容 词 ,变 t为 ce构 成 名 词 ,如 differentdifference importantimportance 部分形容词后+ness 构成名词, 如 happyhappiness busybusiness 英语中, 如果记单词时可以恰当地运用同根词法, 可能会事半功倍。以下仅列举了部分 常见的同根词, 同学们也可以在平时记忆单词时多多总结。 词根例词 ableability actactor, actress, action, activity appearappearance,disappear attractattract
48、ion,attractive dangerdangerous diedying,dead,death 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My curiositycuriosity (curious) was aroused by a mysterious letter addressed to my sister. 2. DressedDressed (dress) in a shiny suit,the singer stepped onto the stage and the audience broke into loud applause. 3. Located downtown,the
49、 local gallery with a large collection of paintings is worth visitingvisiting (visit). 4. Its believed that taking these drugs may seriously endangerendanger (danger) your health. 5. I dont think Ive really got enough information on that to speak confidentlyconfidently (confidence). 6. Children unde
50、r the age of 12 are not allowed to watch the violent film unless accompaniedaccompanied(accompany) by their parents. 7. The book was published in January 2016 and has been availableavailable(avail) in 12 languages. 8. Would one more person make any differencedifference(differ) to the arrangements? 9
