1、 M4U2 Grammar and usage -Modal verbs Step 1 Lead-in: Ask students to finish the following word match: model winners medal planes modal verbs Read the sentences below, paying attention to the coloured words. We can be there on time tomorrow. May I have your name? Shall we begin now? I will do my best
2、 to catch up with them. You must obey the school rules. He said he might lend us some money. You mustnt work all the time. You neednt take it seriously. You ought to bring the child here. Step 2 Learning Aims By the end of this class, we will be able to 1.develop Ss ability to use modal verbs 2. cor
3、rectly use them in the related exercises. Step 3 Self study Lets see 2 pictures,and share your mindmap with your partner. Step 4 Guidance and Exploration can VS be able to (1). be able to表示能力表示能力, 有人称和数的变化有人称和数的变化, 可用于各种时态可用于各种时态; (2). can表示客观可能性表示客观可能性, 常指现在常指现在, 较常用较常用, 过去式为过去式为 “could”; 如果如果只表示能力
4、时只表示能力时, can=be able to (3). could仅表示过去具备某种能力仅表示过去具备某种能力, 而而 was/were able to表示不仅具备而且表示不仅具备而且 实施了某种能力实施了某种能力;更侧重于更侧重于“克服一定困难克服一定困难, 经过一定努力做成某事经过一定努力做成某事” = managed to do sth. = succeeded in doing sth. * He was able to swim across the river before the ship sank. *He managed to get the radio repaired
5、without any help. =He _/_ the radio repaired without any help. was able to get succeeded in getting -Could I use your pen? (语气委婉语气委婉) -Yes, you can. No, you cant /mustnt. 过去式过去式couldcould常用于常用于疑问句疑问句中中, , 比比cancan更加委婉更加委婉, , 表示表示 礼貌。礼貌。肯定回答时肯定回答时, , 常用常用原形原形cancan或者或者maymay, , 不可再用不可再用过过 去式去式couldco
6、uld。 吸烟往往会导致癌症吸烟往往会导致癌症。 Smoking can cause cancer. It can be very cold here in winter. 这的冬天有时会很冷这的冬天有时会很冷。 在在肯定句肯定句中中, can还可表示还可表示“有时会有时会,往往会往往会” 表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法 肯定的推测肯定的推测 可能的推测可能的推测 否定的推测否定的推测 疑问的推测疑问的推测 must 对将来对将来 对现在对现在 对过去对过去 情态动词情态动词 may, might could, can cant, couldnt can, could +
7、 V. + V. + have done 常见常见must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing +V. + V. + have done + be doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing 1. 那小女孩没有出门。她现在一定在做家那小女孩没有出门。她现在一定在做家 庭作业。庭作业。 The girl is not out. She must be doing her homework now. 2. 路上是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了。路上是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了。 The road is wet. It mu
8、st have rained last night. 3. 我刚刚拜访过他。他现在一定呆在家里。我刚刚拜访过他。他现在一定呆在家里。 I have just dropped in on him. He must stay at home. need和dare (1)它们作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，常 用于否定句、疑问句中。一般不用于肯定 句，无第三人称单数形式。dare有过去式 形式，构成疑问句时，将其移至句首；构 成否定句时，直接在其后加not。 Need I tell him everything? Yes, you must./No, you neednt. How dare she d
9、o things like that to me? (2)作实义动词时，其否定和疑问的构成 需借助do/did/does, need后面接带to的 不定式，而在疑问句和否定句中，dare 后可省去to。有人称和数的变化。 He didnt dare (to) go there. Right now you need to stay still until help comes. What he needs now are books. Read the sentences,pay attention to the tone. Why must it rain on Sunday? 为什么偏要在星期天下雨？ must“偏要”。表示说话人不耐 烦、不满的情绪。 Amazing! You should wear slippers at work. 表示说话人的惊讶、愤怒、失望等 特殊情感，意为“居然，竟然”。 Step 5 Summary what have we learnt today? Step 6 Consolidation Step 7 Homework Go over what we have learned today.
