1、Using language 1.can和could(could是can的过去式,语气更委婉) (1)表示能力。 He can use the computer skillfully now, but he couldnt last year. (2)表示可能性，可译为“有可能;有时会”。 Training by oneself in a gym can be highly dangerous. (3)表示许可。 Can/Could I have a look at your new pen? -Yes, you can. /No, you cant. 表示允许时，在疑问句中用could更委婉
2、，在回答中一律用can。 can/could在否定句疑问句中表示推测或怀疑,译为“可能”. ThatcantbeMary-shesinhospital. Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whocan it be?! (5)cant与enough或too连用，表示“再.也不为过。 Youcantbecarefulenough. (6)can与beableto的区别 表示“能力”时，只有can与could两种形式，仅表示具备的能力，不说明 是否实施了努力。 beableto表示“能力”时，可以用于各种时态，beableto用于过去时态 表能力时，侧重指经过努力而成功做到某事。
3、 Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly, butevery one was able to get out. 2.may和might (1)表示允许或征询对方许可,might表示更加委婉的语气。(有时可与 can/could 互换） MayIwatchTVaftersupper? Yes,youmay./No,youmustnt. (2)表示可能性，might可能性更小。 Theymightbehavingameeting,butImnotsure。 (3)may放在句首可以表示祝愿。 MayGodblessyou! (4)may/mightaswel
4、l+动词原形,意为“不妨”。 Ifthatisthecase,youmightaswelltry. 3.must与haveto (1)二者均表示“必须”,但must是指说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客 观需要。must用于一般现在时，have to有更多的时态形式。 IhavetowaitherebecauseIhavenoumbrellawithme. （强调客观） I must recite the text this morning. (强调主观意志） (2)must所构成的疑问句，回答的否定形式通常为neednt或donthaveto, 意为“不必要,不用”，而一般不说must
5、nt(表示“禁止”)。 -Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday? 一Yes,youmust./No,youdonthaveto/youneednt. Youmustntsmokehere. (3)must常表示有根据的比较确定的推测(只用于肯定的陈述句)，译为“一定， 必定”。 Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow. (4)must表示“偏要”. Whymustyoualways interrupt me ? 4.shall和should (1)shall用于第一、三人称的疑间句，用来表示征询对方意见或请求指示。 Manager,som
6、eoneiswaitingforyou.Shallhecomein? (2)shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的意愿，有“允诺”“警 告”“命令”“强制”“威胁”等意思。 Youshallgetwhatyouwantifyoubehavewell. (表示允诺) Heshallbesorryforitoneday;Itellyou. (表示警告) (3)should有时可用于某些从句中，表示说话人惊奇失望等感情色彩，常译为 “竟然，怎么会”。 Ifinditastonishingthatheshouldbesorudetoyou. 5.will和would (1)表示请求、建议，w
7、ould比will更委婉客气。 Would/Willyoupassmetheball,please? (2)表示意志、愿望和决心，would用于过去的情况。 Iwillhelpyouifyoumeetwithtrouble. Shesaidthatshewouldtryherbesttohelpus. (3)will表示规律，意为“注定会”，过去时用would。 Youwillregretforeverifyoulosethisgoldenchance. (4)would表示过去的习惯性动作;而usedto表示过去常常做某事，强调现 在不是这样了。 Eachtimehismothersbirt
8、hdaycame，hewouldbuyhera present. (表示过去的习惯) Myfatherusedtogototheofficebybikewhenhewas young. （现在不是这样了。） 6.need和dare (1)need作情态动词时，表示“需要;必须;dare表示“敢,敢于”。常用 于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形，否定形式分别为neednot和 darenot。 Youneedntanswerhimthequestionimmediately. -Needwemakethetest? -Yes,wemust./No,weneednt. Ifhedarego,Illg
9、owithhim. 2)need和dare常用作实义动词，后面可接带to的不定式。 Youdontneedtobetoldtwice. Tomdidntdaretodoit. 7.“情态动词+havedone”的用法 musthavedone cant/couldnthavedone would have done can/couldhavedone may/mighthavedone should/oughttohavedone neednthavedone Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidnttryyourbest. Look!Therearesomanym
10、istakesinyourcomposition.Youshould havefixedfullattentiononit. 1.How _youmissthenews?IthasbeenonTVallday long. 2.Youcankeepthebookforamonth.Afterthatyou_ returnitontime. 3.Theboy _speakthreelanguageswhenhewas12 yearsold. 4.Whenhelivedinthecountryside,he _gofishingeveryday. 5.Nostudent_ gooutofthesch
11、oolafter10:00atnight without permission according to school regulations. can must could would shall practice 6.You_ getthemachinerepairedthisweek.Iwont need it until next week. 7. It_ bethevocabularythatcausedyoutheproblemin theexercisebecauseyouknowalotofwords. 8.Youcantsmokehere.Gooutofthehouseify
12、ou_. 9.1really _thankyouenough.Itsbeenanamazing day! 10.Parentsaredoingallthey _tohelptheirchildren achieve their ambitions. neednt couldnt must cant can 1.WhenIwasyoung,I _climbanytreeinthewoods. 小时候树林里的树我都能爬上去。 2.Thesmallestgoodhabits_makeabigdifference. 最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。 3.Ifyouthinkthepriceofbeefi
13、stoohigh,you _buy somepork.Itdependsonyou, 如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些猪肉。你自己决定。 4. Adults _tolivetheirownlivesbutthatsdifficult withchildren. 大人需要过他们自己的生活但有了孩子就很难做到了。 5.How_ yousayImunfair? 你竟敢说我不公平? could can might as well need dare a.Millions watched that first lunar landing aware of the many things that co
14、uld go wrong. b. The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. c.I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school, d. The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we
15、must continue to reach for the stars, Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. 1.Which sentence talks about ability? 2. Which sentence talks about possibility? 3. Which sentence talks about necessity? 4. Which sentence talks about prediction? 5. What other modals do y
16、ou know? What do they indicate? 1 c 2 a 3 b 4 b would, could, would, must, would, could, shall Read the passage and choose the correct modals. Look at the picture and tell a story using modals where appropriate. Work in pairs. Take it in turns to draw a picture of space exploration and ask your part
17、ner to tell a story based on it. Use modals where appropriate. Listen to the interview and choose the questions discussed. 1.Is there life on other planets? 2.What would life on other planets look like? 3.Should we use robots to explore space? 4.What is the Fermi Paradox? 5.Will people ever make con
18、tact with life on other planets? 1.similar to our own 2. there are forms of life somewhere 3. without considering 4. conditions on other planets wont be like those on Earth 5. would work the same way everywhere 6. travel faster than light 7. take short cuts, through a “wormhole” in space, for exampl
19、e Listen again and complete the table. Expressing opinions Expressing hopes I think there definitely is. Since, it isnt reasonable to Theres evidence that The fact that. means It would be wonderful if Lets hope that Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview. 1.What is the passage ma
20、inly about? 2. Would you like to take part in a space camp? Why or why not? Work in pairs. Read the passage and answer the questions. The passage is mainly about the Space Camp. Read the advertisement for the space camp and find out what students can do there. Pay attention to the words and expressi
21、ons in bold. At the observatory, you can learn about astronomy and take in a lunar eclipse. You will also have the chance to design and launch a model rocket. Then in modern flight simulators, you could put on a spacesuit, exit the capsule and go on your incredibly lifelike spacewalk in a world with
22、 zero gravity. 1. observatory 2. launched 3. spacesuit 4. a world with zero gravity 5. space sick 6. capsule Complete the email with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 9. 1.Why do you want to take part in the programme? 2.What activities would you like to experience? 3.What is it about space that most interests you? What have you learnt about it? Imagine you are going to apply for the programme. Organise your ideas for the short video by answering the questions. The future space travel
