(2021新牛津译林版)高中英语必修三Unit1 基础知识复习 (含答案).doc

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1、1 高一英语期末考试基础知识巩固高一英语期末考试基础知识巩固 B3U1 第一部分:词性转换第一部分:词性转换 1. harm 伤害;损害_adj.有害的_adj.无害的_对.有害 2. ecosystemn. 生态系统eco:环境的;生态的_生态学家_生态旅游 3. overseas adj.失踪_n. 消失【反】appear vi. 出现_n. 出现 12._ n. 申请,运用apply vi. 申请 安排_adj.有组织的,有条理的 14.profit n利润;vi防守;辩护_ adj. 防御用的;防守的; _为某人辩护;保卫 16.process n.过程 _ adj. 战 略 ( 上

2、) 的 ; _ ;adv.战略性地 19._n. 贫穷, 贫困poor adj. 贫穷的, 贫困的 【反】 richness n. 富裕; 丰富; 肥沃wealthy adj. 富有的 20.consequence n.结果_=_因此;结果_adj. 随之发生的; 必然的_adv.因此; 结果 第二部分课文句子填空第二部分课文句子填空 1.Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch _(就.而言) our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its r

3、evenge on us. 2.The _(纪录片) script below describes the Amazon rainforest, which _(是.的家园) a wide r_ of w_. 3.Welcome to the jungle, _(大量的,大片的) green _(充满) the sounds of animals. 4.As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a s_ role in m_ the fine balance of the Earths _(生态系统). 5.The Amazon rain

4、forest _(横跨) eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one _(海外 行政区) of France, all on the south American c_. 6.With an area of around 6 million s_ kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than_(一半大 小)China. 7.The Amazon river, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilome

5、ters in l_ - r_ 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. 2 8.They give this area the richest b_ on the earth: one in ten known species in the worldcan be found here. 9.This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to _(躺在上面). 10.The fores

6、ts different levels support an u_ variety of wildlife. 11.At the _(底部), there is _(根系) b_ the ground. Above that is the m_ of l_ l_(落叶) on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the _(高大的) ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the ta

7、llest trees many meters above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. 12.More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of _(哺乳动物) hide among the jungles plant life. 13.It has a _(黄棕色的) coat with black _(斑点). 14. While a _(相当大

8、的) number of _(美洲豹) survive here, they are only one e_ of this forests _( 食 物 链 ). They feed _ at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, _(相应地), feed on _(昆虫) which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a t_ a_(一 小群) of m_ helps _(分解) its body and return the n_ to the earth. 15.The Amaz

9、on rainforest _(注入活力) the planet by _(固定碳) and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths _(氧气). 16. M_, the Amazon rainforest is a _(宝库) of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these _(不可替代的) plants and animals: us. 17. Over the past 50 years, about 17 p

10、er cent of the rainforest has disappeared _(由于) human activities such as a_ and c_ f_(养牛). 18. As the i_ of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in d_ of e_becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we a_ to damage the “l_ of the p_t”? 19.The Amazon rainforest is home to

11、a great v_ of plant life;h_, its s_is s_ p_ i_(在.极其贫乏) nutrients. 20. In the rainy season, the water level _ _( 上 升 到 ) more than 12 meters. When the water _(褪去), it _(带走) the nutrients in the soil. 21. _(另一方面),due to the Amazons hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to _(积累) enough nutrients. 2

12、2. As a result, most of the forests nutrients are _(锁住) in the plants themselves, t_ allowing them to grow _.(以令人难以置信的速度) 23. It includes interviews with more than 20 of the worlds _(领先的) experts on e_ i_.All of them _(提出) creative ideas on how to solve the problems. Some _(要求) the _(应用) of modern t

13、_, and others a change of l_. 24. There was a “No l_ is allowed here ”s_ at the e_ t_ the forest, but that didnt stop people from throwing their r_ on the ground. 25. When you think of a f_ hunter, i_ of lions and sharks may _.(跃入脑海) 26.Human activities have _ many animals _(使许多动物濒临灭绝)。 27. The smog

14、 in the air has _(上色) the sky a s_ grey; its also give me a_(咳嗽) that I cant _(摆脱)。 28.People _ ( 往 往 ) connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and i_ businessmen e_ to _(挣取巨额利润). 29. _(为.辩护), however, Id like to _(指出) that we also try to control the a_ 3 of pollution we produce.I t

15、hink I _(代表.说话)all factory managers when I say were deeply c_ about the environment. Weve been taking serious measures, including the use of the new t_, to reduce pollution in the p_ p_, even though these measures raise our production costs. 30. Id also like to d_ your a_ to the e_b_ factories have

16、brought to Norgate. 31. With pollution level _(在上升), the Norgate Environment Protection C_ is searching for ways to fight the problem. 32. We have to achieve a b_ between environmental protection and e_ development.We ve made environmentalp_forbusinesstoo_,likestrictc_r_.Wealso work_(携手)with other _

17、(分支机构) of government to ensure that development s_ are followed in an e_ friendly way. 33.It has to be a _(全社会共同努力), and everyone can help by following the g_ rule. 34.A f_ UN o_ once said, “saving our planet, l_ people _ of p_(使人民摆脱贫困), a_ e_ growth(促进经济增长).these are one the same fight(是同一场斗争).” 35

18、.The f_(运气,财富) of our environment and our e_ are _(不可分割的).Its our d_ to protect the environment w_ we _(以.为目标) economic development. Its our duty to leave a better, cleaner and h_(健康) planet to our children. Its our duty to _(构 建人类命运共同体). 第三部分:省略第三部分:省略 1.Once _(see), it will never be forgotten. 2.I

19、f _(heat), water will boil. 3.I wont attend your wedding unless _ (invite). 4.Lei Feng was always ready to give help wherever _ (need). 5.Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _, is there? A. who to turn toB. she can turn toC. for whom to turnD. for her to turn 6.Do you have any

20、thing to say for yourselves? Yes, theres one point_ we must insist on. A. whyB. whereC. howD. / 7.When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed 8.We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with

21、B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully withD. not if carefully dealt with 9.The type and quantity of illegal drugs a person is carrying when _ by the police determine the punishment, _ from a small fine to life imprisonment(监禁). A. caught; rangedB. caught; rangingC. catching; rangi

22、ngD. catching; ranged 10.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. A. onceB. whenC. ifD. unless 11.If you go to Xian, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _. A. supposingB. supposedC. to supposeD. supp

23、ose 12.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. A. wateredB. wateringB. waterD. to water 13.If _ properly, medical waste from hospitals may contribute to spreading diseases. A. not handledB. not being handledC. not to be handledD. not having been handled 14.The man we followed su

24、ddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeingB. having seenC. to have seenD. to see 15.The piano in the other shop will be _, but _. A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as goodD. more cheap; not as well 4 第四部分第四部分:课文语法填空课文语

25、法填空 A The Amazon rainforest , the largest rainforest in the world, crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. It covers_1_ area of around 6 million square kilometers. It is named after the Amazon River, _2_is close

26、 to 6,400 kilometers in length,_3_(support)many different ecosystems, which give us this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth, one tenth known species in the world living in it. There are _4_(variety) of plants in the Amazon rainforest. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, over 40,000 can

27、 be found there. The forests different levels support an _5_ (believe) variety of wildlife. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. There are more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals living there. Among them_6_ (be) the j

28、aguar, which can survive here. The Amazon rainforest is not only home to numerous species of animals and plants but also known as the lungs of the planet , because it breathes life _7_ the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen. But over the past50 years, 17

29、per cent of the rainforest _8_ (disappear) due to human activities. And some species are also in danger of _9_(extinct). _10_ is time for us to do something to protect it. B The TV host invites three guests (James Smith , Vincent Brown, and Julie Archer ) to News that Matters to discuss the question

30、_1_ we should choose the economy or the environment. The three have different opinions as follows. James Smith, a local resident, protests _2_ heavy industry. In his hometown the air used to be fresh, the grass green, and the water clear, _3_ things became entirely different after heavy industry fac

31、tories _4_ in. The river is dirty and smelly. The sky isnt blue. He has even got a cough that he cant get rid of. For health and satety reasons alone, he thinks heavy industry has to go. However, Vincent Brown, a senior manager, doesnt agree with Smiths opinion. In _5_(defend) of factories, he says

32、they are responsible businessmen and _6_ they have taken a lot of measures_7_ (reduce) pollution in the production process_8_ the fact that production costs are raised. Besides, they have created many jobs for local residents and helped the citys economy grow. Julie Archer, an environment protection

33、 expert, says that there are indeed conflicts between environmental protection and economic growth. However, if people try to work hard in hand with factories and the government, a balance between the environment and development can _9_ (achieve). Everyone can help by following the golden rule: redu

34、ce, reuse and recycle. The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. _10_ is our duty to protect our environment while aiming for economic development. 5 答案 一词性转换 1harm 伤害;损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的do harm to=be harmful to对.有害 2. ecosystemn. 生态系统eco:环境的;生态的ecologist :生态学家ec

35、otourism: 生态旅游 3. overseas adj.失踪disappearance n. 消失【反】appear vi. 出现appearance n. 出现 12.application n. 申请, 运用apply vi. 申请 安排organized adj.有组织的,有条理的 14.profit n利润;vi防守;辩护defensive adj. 防御用的;防守的;in defence of 为某人 辩护;保卫 16.process n.过程 strategic adj.战略(上)的;strategically;adv.战略性地 19.poverty n. 贫穷,贫困poor

36、 adj. 贫穷的,贫困的【反】richness n. 富裕;丰富;肥沃wealthy adj. 富 有的 20.consequence n.结果in consequence=as a consequence of因此;结果consequent adj.随之发生的; 必然的 consequently adv.因此; 结果 三省略 1.seen2.heated3.invited4.needed5.B 6.D 7.A8.B9.B10. D11-15BAAD C 四课文填空 A. 1.an 2. which 3. supporting 4.varieties 5. unbelievable 6. Is 7.ito 8. has disappeared 9. extinction 10. It B.1. whether 2. against 3. but 4. moved 5. defence 6.that 7. to reduce 8. despite 9. be achieved 10. It

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