人教版九年级Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.-Section B 2a—2e-ppt课件-(含教案+素材)-省级公开课-(编号：1031a).zip

1 英语阅读理解解题技巧英语阅读理解解题技巧- -解题步骤解题步骤 在做阅读理解时，可遵循三部曲的原则，即：快速阅读短文;认真逐题作答;复 查校对答案。 第一步，快速阅读短文;通读测试题，明确考查点。 先读题，明确题目要求，弄清考点，然后带着问题去读文章，这种方法在 英语中称为 scanning，就是寻读。快速阅读一遍弄清段落大意，对全文有一个 整体了解，阅读时从宏观入手，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以说明中心意思的主 要事实和细节，抓住关键词，弄清作者写此篇文章的目的及意图。如遇到生词， 应先跳过，继续通读全文，切忌长时间死扣生词，因为有些生词并不影响对全文 的理解，还有一些词可以通过上下文推测含义。 第二步，认真逐题作答。 看完短文后，对整篇短文的内容有了大致的了解，然后马上看后面的问题， 带着问题去找答案。如果属于客观信息题，就可直接在短文中找到出处。如果是 主观判断题，则应迅速再读全文，仔细分析思考，将近似的答案对照原文反复比 较，推敲，选出最佳答案。 第三步，仔细校对所选答案。 做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误。如果有拿 不定主意的答案，不要随意更改。一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。 -阅读技巧 要快速浏览全文，掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句，理出作者 的写作思路。(What is the idea?What are facts?) 要尽快浏览课文后的思考题，尽量带着问题读; 完成事实细节题时，要找到定位句; 要把有关 WHO，WHAT，WHERE，HOW 和 WHY 等方面内容用笔圈画出来。 遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者的态度和命题人的意图，不可从个人的 经验出发。 “做英语阅读理解时，答题也有讲究。如果同学们具备一定的答题技巧，那么最 终将事半功倍。 ”王老师说，做猜测词义题、细节理解题、主旨归纳题、推理判 断题都有一定的技巧。 英语阅读理解解题技巧英语阅读理解解题技巧 一、猜测词义题一、猜测词义题 阅读理解经常会遇到生词，这些生词怎么解决呢?这就需要一些猜词的技巧。 (一)根据生活常识猜测词义 Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dads car is bigger than your Dads， ” “My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.” The word“boasting” means _B_ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 Many plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有关联的) with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of _C_. A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree 2.The word extinct means _C_ A.出现 B.危险 C.灭绝 Usually people make dumplings at home.If you have no time to make them，you can buy them from any supermarket. Then you take them home 2 and eat them with vinegar. The word“vinegar” means 醋 Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen. The words“oxygen and hydrogen” mean 氢和氧 (二)根据上下文的意思来猜测 1.Some people like to walk quickly home after work，but I prefer to stroll home and look at the store windows along the way.(溜达) 2.She is usually prompt for all her classes，but today she arrives quite late.(准时的) 3.The door is so low that I hit my head on the lintel.(门梁) (三)根据转折、因果关系猜测词义 通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能 猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如 because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore 等等)表示前因后果。例如： You shouldnt have blamed him for that，for it wasnt his fault. 通过 for 引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出 blame 的词义是“责 备” 。 (四)通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词 通过同义词猜词，一是要看由 and 或 or 连接的同义词词组，如 happy and gay，即使我们不认识 gay 这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步 解释的过程中使用的同义词，如 Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的 Venus(金 星)、Mars( 火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道 planets 就可猜出这几个词都 属于“行星”这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如 but，while，however 等;二是看与 not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据 not at all.handsome 我们不难推测出 homely 的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。 (五)通过构词法猜词 在阅读文章时，总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意， 而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、 前缀、后缀等语法知识，如前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant 等;后缀-ment 表名 词，如 develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument 等;后缀- er、-or 或-ist 表同源名词;如 calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，wait、waiter，scie nce、scientist，art、artist 等，这些问题便不难解决了。 (六)通过定义或释义关系来推测词义 例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.从 drought 所在句子的上文我们得知很久 不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即 drought，由此可见 drought 意思为“久 旱” ， “旱灾” 。而 a dry period 和 drought 是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由 is，or，that is，in other words，be called 或破折号等来表示。 (七)通过句法功能来推测词义 例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如 pineapples 和 coconuts 是生词，可以从这 两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出 pineapples，coconuts 和 bananas，oranges 是同类关系，同属 fruit 类，因此 3 它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。 (八)通过描述猜词 描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出 的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的 描述中可以得知 penguin 是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类 的生活习性。 英语阅读理解解题技巧二、细节理解题英语阅读理解解题技巧二、细节理解题 首先浏览一遍题目，看清题目要求理解什么细节，然后有选择性地在文中 找出相应的段落句子或短语，认真分析理解，选出正确答案。 Example1：What do you think of your teachers?Now，American students can say what they think on ! On a new website，students can rate(评定) their teachers.So far，there have been 2 million ratings for 365，000 teachers at 21，000 schools in the US and Canada. Where can the students rate(评定) their teachers according to the passage?(A) A.On a new website B.At the class meeting C.In the classroom. D.Out of the school Example2：Years ago，many zoos kept all kinds of animals in small cages.Small cages made it easy for people to see the animals，but a small cage is not a good place for an animal to live in.Today zoos keep animals in different kinds of cages.The cages are very big and open.They usually have plants and a little lake. 1.Zoos kept animals in small cages so that people can(B) A.protect them B.see them better C.feed them D.save them 2.Today，zoos keep animals(A) A.in bigger cages B.in the wild C.in smaller cages D.in the field 1. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ to enjoy t he advantages of this new technology. A. begin B. Began C. have begun D. had begun 2. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ advertisements showing happ y families. A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen 3. I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. Oh, how nice! Do you know when she _? A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 4. What were you doing when Tony phoned you? I had just finished my work and_ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting 5. I _ you not to move my dictionarynow I cant find it. A. asked B. Ask C. was asking D. had asked 6. Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 7. Whats that terrible noise? The neighbors _ for a party. A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare 8. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt deci ded yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 9. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. A. was B. Were C. had been D. would be 10. The discussion _ alive when an interesting topic was brought in. A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came 11. Because the shop _ , all the T-shirts are sold at half price. A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down 12. Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions. A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached 13. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _ half of it. A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed 14. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (18471931) _ the world-leading inv entor for sixty years. A. would be B. has been C. had been D. was 15. You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. has waited 1. _ worries me is _ were going to pay for all this. A. It, that B. That, how C. What, how D. As, that 2. Weve bought a cottage in the country for _ we retire. A. when B. If C. since D. that 3. He just does _ he pleases and never thinks about anyone else. A. that B. What C. which D. how 4. It shocked me to see _ my neighbors treated their children. A. why B. Whether C. how D. since 5. It used to be thought _ the Earth was flat. A. as B. When C. since D. that 6. He pointed to _ looked like a tree. A. that B. What C. which D. as 7. His income is double _ it was five years ago. A. that B. Which C. as D. what 8. I know nothing about the accident except _ I read in the paper. A. that B. For C. what D. 不填 9. “I think _ he needs is more practice.” “Yes, _ he needs more practice i s quite clear.” A. what, what B. that, that C. what, that D. that, what 10. “Will the general manager attend the meeting?” “_ he will come wont be kno wn _ his secretary comes.” A. That, that B. That, until C. Whether, that D. Whether, until 11. “The problem is _ we are short of money.” “Yes, _ we can borrow some m oney from her is still a question.” A. that, that B. that, whether C. whether, that D. whether, whether 12. _ with the right knowledge can give first aid. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever 13. _ has the right knowledge can give first aid. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever 14. _ having the right knowledge can give first aid. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever 15. _ is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad. A. He B. It C. That D. What 16. “_ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “_ she was a woman. ” A. What, What B. That, That C. What, That D. That, What 17. I firmly believe _ he said at the meeting was right. A. that B. Which C. that what D. what that 18. After _ seemed like hours he came out of the house with a woman. A. which B. It C. what D. that 15 CABCD 610 BDCCD 1115 BCBCD 1618 CCC 定语从句专项练习题与答案详解定语从句专项练习题与答案详解 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, _ from east to west. Those _ run from north to south are called avenues. A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that 2. This is the case _ hes had all his money stolen. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, _ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how 4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything _ . A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him to C. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him 5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one _ the telephone number is provided. A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose 6. October 15 th is my birthday, _ I will never forget. A. when B. that C. what D. which 7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely. A. when B. where C. which D. whose 8. There are several research centers in China _ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied. A. which B. where C. when D. what 9. I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. when 10. The time is not far away _ modern communications will become widespread in Chinas vast countryside. A. as B. when C. until D. before 11. _ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 12. I shall never forget the day _ Shen Zhou V was launched, _ has a great effect on my life. A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that 13. The bread my wife makes is much better than _ you can buy at a store. A. that which B. one that C. that of which D. this of which 14. There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world. A. that B. what C. which D. as 15. The people, _ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. A. all whose homes B. all of whose homes C. all their homes D. all of their homes 16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, _ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A. who B. when C. on which D. which 17. Is this research center _ you visited the modern equipment last year? A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where 18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it. A. when B. that C. who D. where 19. The man showed us so heavy a stone _ no man can lift. A. that B. as C. which D. and 20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during _ time he learned much spoken English. A. that B. this C. which D. same 1._ some students, the teacher entered the hall. A. Following B. Followed C. Being followed D. Having followed 2._, and he had to go back home. A. Day having broken B. Night had fallen C. The day had broken D. Night fallen 3.Hearing his father was seriously ill, _. A. he burst into tears B. his eyes were filled with tears C. his face lost its color D. tears came to his eyes 4.He did all this to make her _, so she was very angry with him. A. laughed B. a good man C. laughing D. laughed at 5.Entering the house, I found Jane _ at the desk and _ something. A. seat; write B. sitting; writing C. seating; writing D. seated; to write 6._ so many people in the hall, I had to push my way to the front. A. Being B. There were C. There being D. As being 7.- What would you like for breakfast? - I dont feel like _. A. to eat something B. eating anything C. to eat anything D. eating nothing 8.He got out of the car, _ to the nearest house and telephoned his friend for help. A. walked B. Walking C. to walk D. walk 9._ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different colours. A. Growing B. Grown C. To grow D. Having grown 10. It was on his way home _ he _ his wallet. The next morning he found it _. A. that; lost; missing B. where; missing; lost C. which; missed; lost D. then; lost; missed 11. _ some of the questions _, the man said good-bye to us without making himself _. A. Left; unanswering; understood; B. Leaving; unanswered; understood C. Left; unanswering; understanding D. Leaving; unanswered; understanding 12. I remember _ to their party, but I _ the invitation in the office. A. to be invited; have forgotten B. to invite; forget C. being invited; have left D. inviting; am leaving 13. - Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Lice? - Well, I forgot _ I was supposed to go to. A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it 14. He can on the bed with his _. A. closed eyes and his mouth open B. eyes closed and his open mouth C. closed eyes and open his mouth D. eyes closed and his mouth open 15. Finally I got my _. A. salary raised B. risen salary C. salary rise D. salary to rise 16. _ many times, she still cant remember it. A. Had told B. Having been told C. Having told D. Being told 17. _, his friends met him at the station. A. Arriving in Chicago B. Arrived in Chicago C. On arriving in Chicago D. When he arrived in Chicago 18. May thought it a great pity _ to the party. A. not to be invited B. to be not invited C. not to have invited D. to have not invited 19. Lots of _ news came every day during the _ Asian Games. A. inspiring; 11 th B. inspired; 11st C. inspiring; 11 st D. inspired; 11 th 20. Every Monday morning we will stand on the playground and watch the national flag _ higher and higher. A. being raised B. Raising C. rising D. being risen 1-5 ABADB 6-10 CBAAA 11-15 BCBDA 16-20 BDAAA 1. Work gets done _ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier 2. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good 3. He began to take political science _ only when he left school. A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously 4. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only _ beaten. A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly 5. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _. A. early B. earlie