1、 Period 3 Discovering useful structures Welcome unit 1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic sentence structures and basic components of a sentence. 2. Enable students to use the basic sentence structures flexibly. 3. Develop students speaking and cooperating abilities. 4. Strength
2、en students great interest in grammar learning. Learning aims Basic sentence structures 谓语谓语 主语主语 表语表语 宾语宾语 间接宾语间接宾语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 直接宾语直接宾语 状语状语 S (subject) V (verb) O (object) P (predicative) A (adverbial) DO (direct object) IO (indirect object) OC (object complement) 句子成分句子成分 (2) I found the book eas
3、ily. (3) She enjoys living in China.宾语宾语 谓语谓语 1.判断下列划线部分的句子成分。判断下列划线部分的句子成分。 (1) Things change.主语主语 (4) Mr. Tunrner is an artist.表语表语 (6) I will tell you a good news. 宾语补足语宾语补足语(7) They named the girl Marry. 间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 (5) He knows a lot. 状语状语 Summer is coming. Leaves turn yellow. Goats eat g
4、rass in the valley. Our teacher gives us a warm welcome. I will make the beauty stay in my mind forever. 主语主语 谓语谓语 主语主语 主语主语 主语主语 主语主语 系动词系动词 谓语谓语 谓语谓语 谓语谓语 表语表语 宾语宾语 间接间接 宾语宾语 宾语补足语宾语补足语宾语宾语 直接宾语直接宾语 状语状语 2.Read this poem and recognize the sentence types. subject(主语主语), verb(谓语谓语), object(宾语宾语), pr
5、edicative(表表 语语),etc. 1. 主主+谓谓(不及物动词不及物动词) SV 2. 主主+谓谓(系动词系动词)+表语表语 SP 3. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语 SVO 4. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 SV IO DO 5. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 SVOC 6. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+状语状语 SVA 7. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+状语状语 SVOA 8. There be 基本句子成分基本句子成分 1.SV 主语主语+谓语谓语(不及物动词不及物动词) 此
6、句型中此句型中 “主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词/词组词组”构成句子主体构成句子主体 部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。 但有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、但有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、 地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。 (1) Class begins. (3) His father has gone abroad. (4) We stopped to have a rest. 状语修饰动词状语修饰动词 目的状语目的状语 (2) The bomb blew up. 2.SVO 主语主语+谓语谓语(及物动
7、词及物动词)+宾语宾语 此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使 句意表达完整。句意表达完整。 注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个及物注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个及物 动词，之后可加宾语。动词，之后可加宾语。 (1)You must listen to me. (2)He arrived in London yesterday. (3)She is laughing at the crippled man. (4)Ill write about my volleyball team in my future books. 词性词
8、性例句例句 He has formed the habit of rising early in the morning. Have you told them anything about the accident? If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. We may find out the unknown by calculation. 可在句中充当宾语的成分可在句中充当宾语的成分 名词名词 代词代词 数词数词 名词化的名词化的 形容词形容词 由由充当充当例句例句 I dislike travelling to work in a very crowded bus
9、 every day. He refused to attend the medical conference. I wonder whether I should stay or not. 可在句中充当宾语的成分可在句中充当宾语的成分 V-ing(短语短语) 不定式不定式(短语短语) 从句从句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 +不定式不定式 She knows what to do next. 3. SVP 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思 ，必须加上一个表明主语性质或状态的表语，才能，必须加上一个表明主语性质或
10、状态的表语，才能 表达完整的意思。表达完整的意思。 1)He became a scientist. 2)My sister is out now. 3)Dinner smells good. 常见的系动词：常见的系动词： be动词类：动词类：am, is , are , was, were 表示变化类：表示变化类：become, get, turn, grow, go 感官动词类：感官动词类：look, sound, smell, taste, feel 表示延续性的动词：表示延续性的动词：remain, stay, My pen is on the table. They grow mat
11、ure as they grow. His plan sounded good. He remains kind to those around him. 4. SV IO DO 主语主语+谓语谓语(及物动词及物动词)+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 I bought John a birthday present. 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语 I showed him my pictures. 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语 常用于双宾语结构的动词有：常用于双宾语结构的动词有： award (授予某人授予某人), buy(给某人买给某人买),bring(带给某人带给某人),
12、get(给某人弄到给某人弄到), give(给某人给某人), hand(递给某人递给某人), lend( 借给某人借给某人), leave(留给某人留给某人 ), pay(支付某人支付某人) , pass(递给某人递给某人), read(给某人读给某人读), rent(租赁某人租赁某人), recommend(将某人推荐给将某人推荐给) , send( 送给某人送给某人), show(给某人看给某人看),tell(告诉某人告诉某人), take(给某给某 人拿人拿), teach(教某人教某人) , write(给某人写给某人写)等。等。 5.主语主语+谓语谓语(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+
13、宾语补足语宾语补足语 在某些及物动词的后面，需要用一个宾语再加一在某些及物动词的后面，需要用一个宾语再加一 个宾补才能表达完整的意思。个宾补才能表达完整的意思。 We elected him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。我们选他当班长。 The news made me happy. 那消息使我很高兴。那消息使我很高兴。 常带复合宾语结构的及物动词有：常带复合宾语结构的及物动词有： ask(ask(请求，要求请求，要求) , allow() , allow(容许容许) ,appoint() ,appoint(任命任命 ) , cause() , cause(使得使得) , cat
14、ch() , catch(发现发现) , consider() , consider( 认为认为) , ) , elect(elect(选举选举) , expect() , expect(预期预期) , feel() , feel(感觉到感觉到) , ) , find(find(发现发现) , get() , get(使得使得) , have() , have(使，让使，让) , ) , hear(hear(听到听到) ,let() ,let(使使) , listen to() , listen to(听听) , look ) , look at(at(看，瞧看，瞧) , make() , m
15、ake(使使) , notice() , notice(注意到注意到) , ) , see(see(看见看见) , ) , smell(smell(闻到闻到) , start() , start(使使开始开始) , watch() , watch(注注 视，看视，看) , think() , think(想，认为想，认为) , want() , want(想要想要) , ) , wish(wish(希望希望) )等等。等等。 6. SVA主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+状语状语 主谓是句子中不可缺少的成分，状语是一种修饰成分，主谓是句子中不可缺少的成分，状语是一种修饰成分， 用于修饰动词、短语
16、和句子。用于修饰动词、短语和句子。 I have been waiting for more than half an hour. 我已经等了半个多小时。我已经等了半个多小时。 The children stayed in room. 孩子们待在屋里。孩子们待在屋里。 7. SVOA主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+状语状语 主谓宾是句子中不可缺少的成分，状语是一种修饰成分，主谓宾是句子中不可缺少的成分，状语是一种修饰成分， 用于修饰动词、短语和句子。用于修饰动词、短语和句子。 Many people eat noddles in Chinese restaurants in Lond
17、on.在伦敦，许多人在中国面馆吃面条。在伦敦，许多人在中国面馆吃面条。 You can solve the problem in this way. 你可以用这种方法解决这个问题。你可以用这种方法解决这个问题。 8. There be There are three people in my family. 我家有三口人。 There was a sports meeting in our school yesterday. 我们学校昨天举办了运动会。 (1)They all laughed! (2)I miss my teacher. (3)The man was kind and frie
18、ndly. (4)She told us a funny story. (5)I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 主语主语+谓语谓语 (SV) 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 (SVO) 主语主语+谓语谓语+表语表语 (SVP) 主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 (SV IO DO) 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 (SVOC) 1.Read and point out their sentence types. (6)He ate too much. (7)I had m
19、y first English class at primary school. (8)Theres much for me to do. 主语主语+谓语谓语+状语状语 (SVA) 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 +状语状语(SVOA) There be句型句型 2.Read the sentences and analyse the structures. (1) The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. (2) We must act. (3) The maths homework looks easy. (4) The
20、teacher found the classroom empty. SVA SV S P SVOC P6 2 (5) My mum bought me a new dictionary. (6) Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. (7) There is an English Corner at our school. (8) We had chemistry in the newly built lab. SVIO DO SVO There be 句型句型 S VOA (9) That dream has
21、 come true! (10) Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! (11) They also learn about ships and the sea. SV SV SV A O P6 3 (12) Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. (13) Studying and doing homework seem much more fun. S VIODO VIO SV P DO 句子成句子成 分分 主语、谓语、宾语、表语、主语、谓语、宾语、表语、 状语、直接宾语、间接宾语状语、直接宾语、间接宾语 、补语、补语 八大基本八大基本 句型句型 1. 主主+谓谓(不及物动词不及物动词) 2. 主主+谓谓(系动词系动词)+表语表语 3. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语 4. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾直接宾 语语 5. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 6. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+状语状语 7. 主主+谓谓(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+状语状语 8. There be 句子成分分析句子成分分析
