1、Day- 1 【今日单词 Todays words】 educate v.教育 ,schedule n. 时间表,ignore v. 忽视, compare v. 比较,feastn.盛宴; 宴会; (宗教的)节日 【今日词组 Todays phrase:】 pick up 无意中获及（知识）拾起，捡起掘出(地） 恢复健康，振作精神收拾逮住 加快速度跌倒后爬起重新找到路，重提话题 收听到学会语言顺便接送 【今日句子 Todays sentence】 Compared with other hobbies,reading is my favorite in my spare time. 与其他爱
2、好相比较，阅读是我闲暇时光最爱的事情。 【今日语法 Todays grammar】 动词的简单分类（简单句的基本句型）动词的简单分类（简单句的基本句型） （1）实义动词）实义动词： 不及物动词：本身意义完整，其后不必再跟宾语。 及物动词：本身意义不完整，其后要跟宾语才能表达完整的意义。 如：She likes the bookl very much./ My father works in a hospital. 注意：有的动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。 如：The bird can fly. (此时 fly 是不及物动词，表示“飞行”) They are flying kites
3、. (此时 fly 是及物动词，表示“放飞”) （2）系动词）系动词： 系动词是表示谓语关系的动词。常见的系动词有 be 动词am，is，are 感官动词sound，look，taste，smell，feel 表示“变化”的系动词become，go，come，turn，grow，get，fall 等 表示“状态”的系动词keep，stay，remain 等 如：He is a teacher./ It taste delicious. The weather is becoming colder and colder./ I keep heathy by running every day.
4、高中课文给每个成分都按了一个代号代号。 即 S (subject)主语V (verb)动词O (object)宾语 P (predicative)表语DO (direct object)直宾IO (indirect object)间宾 OC (object complement)宾补Ad (adverbial)状语状语每个句子都能放！ 五个基本句式： S 十 V 主谓结构 S 十 V 十 P 主系表结构 S 十 V 十 O 主谓宾结构 S 十 V 十 IO 十 DO 主谓双宾结构 S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主谓宾补结构 【查漏补缺】动词的分类 02定义 动词是表示人或事物动作和状态的词。按照
5、其语法功能，动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词及情 态动词四类。行为动词又叫实义动词，分为及物动词(后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词),不及物动词(本 身意义不完整，其后不能接宾语的动词)；系动词(不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语)；助动词 (本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语的词，这类词表示时态、语态、语气等 特征，帮助构成否定、疑问等)；情态动词(本身有一定意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用， 必须和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气)。 1. 动词的种类动词的种类 分类图解分类图解 类别功能及用法例子 行为 动词 及物动词 vt.本身含
6、有实在意义， 表示动作或状态，在 句中能独立作谓语。 可接宾语afford,buy, enjoy,keep 不及物动词 vi.不可以直接接宾语arrive,cry, die,fall 连系 动词 本身有一定的词义，但词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须与表 语一起构成谓语。 be,smell, look,taste 助动 词 本身没有词义， 不能独立作谓语， 只能和实义动词一起构成谓语， 表示时态、语态、否定、疑问等。 do,does,will,shall 情态 动词 本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构 成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，没有人称和数的变化。 may, must
7、, can, need 2.情态动词的分类 1can 与与 could 1） can （1）表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”，也能表示根据客观条件能做某事的“能力”。 I can drive.Can you read as quickly as he did?I cant catch up with my friend. 【辨析】can 与 be able to 二者都表示“能够”，区别是：can 只有现在时和过去式，而 be able to 可用 于各种时态。如： Ill be able to speak French in half a year. He hasnt been able to
8、finish it on time. （2）表示允许：You can go home.Can I use your pen? （3）表示推测：Who can he is?It cant be true. 【注意】 can 表示猜测或怀疑只用于疑问句及否定句中。 2） could （1）can 的过去式，表示过去有能力及过去的可能性。 （2）表示客气地请求或委婉地陈述意见。 （3）表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度 2may 与与 might 1） may （1）表示请求、许可、可以 May I use your book?Yes, please/certainly./May I come in? （
9、2）表示推测说话人的猜测，认为某事情“或许”或“可能”发生。 It may rain this afternoon.I may leave for Hangzhou next week. （3）may 用于感叹句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。 May you do well!May you have a good time! 2) might （1）用作 may 的过去式。 （2）替代 may 来表示现在时间的动作，主要于推测（但其可能性比 may 更低）。 （3）委婉地表示请求（不是过去式）。 3must （1）表示义务，命令或必要。 We must go home now.We must be s
10、trict with ourselves. （2）表示肯定的推测：一定 My mother must be at home.（对现在的猜测） I think you must have made a mistake.（对过去的猜测） He must be our new teacher. （3）此外还要弄清楚 must 与 have to 的区别 4will 与与 would 1）will （1）表示意愿、决心。此时可用于各种人称。 He wont come to see you.他不愿来见你。（表示意愿） I will try my best to catch up with her.我将尽
11、最大努力赶上她。（表示决心） （2）表示请求，此时仅限于“will you (please)？”句型中，仅用于第二人称和疑问句中。 2） would （1）will 的过去式，表示过去的意愿和决心。 （2）用于现在时，表示委婉地提出请求，建议或看法。此时 would 的用法比 will 更加委婉。 【注意】will 和 would 用于“劝某人接受”时，只能用 some，不能用 any。如： Would you like some fish? 吃点鱼好吗？ 5shall 与与 should 1） shall：征求对方意见或请求，用于第一、三人称。表示“要不要？”、“好吗？” 2） should
12、 （1）should 意思是“应该”，表示劝告或建议（=ought to） You should wash your hands .We should help each other. （2）用来表示可能性或猜测。He should be home now. （3）should 有时能表示说话人的情感等。 Its funny that they should be confident.（表示轻视） Why should I do that for you?（表示不满） （4）should 后接动词不定式（不加 to）时，若用于肯定句，表示某件事本应该完成却未完成；若用于 否定句，则表示某事不该
13、发生却发生了。 You should have told us the truth.（应该告诉却没有） He should have known the importance of it.应该知道却不知道） We shouldnt have left so early.（不应该早出来，可已经做了） 6need 1）need 意思是“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和关系问句中。 You neednt come so early. Need I take part in the Party? 2) need 引导的疑问句，肯定回答时多用 must，否定回答时用 neednt。 Need he com
14、e?Yes, he must./ No, he neednt. 3) need 后接名词做宾语时， 表示“需要”某件事物， 此时用作实义动词， 与一般的实义动词用法完全一样。 如： We need three apples.He doesnt need so many books. 7. ought to 意思是意思是“应该应该”。 You ought to visit us often.Sorry, I ought to leave now. 在表示“应该”时，ought to 的语气比 should 要强，比 must 稍弱。 8. dare 1) dare 意思是“敢”，用于肯定结构中时
15、，为实义动词后接加 to 的动词不定式。 The boy dared to climb up the tree.She should dare to question her teacher. 2）dare 用于否定句或疑问句中时，与大多数的情态动词一样，后接不带 to 的动词不定式。 Dont dare do that again!The poor girl dare not go home. 【练习】 1.Jason, the exam is coming, but I _ stop playing computer games! For better grades, my friend,
16、 Im afraid youll have to. A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. shouldnt 2._ you leave now? You only arrived here an hour ago. Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me. A. MayB. MustC. CanD. Might 3.He must be in the classroom, I think. No, he_be there. I saw him left school with his backpack a minute ag
17、o. A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt 4.Is that woman in a white dress Miss Wang? No. It_be her. Miss Wang has gone to the USA. A.cantB. couldntC. needntD. mustnt 5. Bob，Where is Linda? She _ be in the library.But I am not sure. A.mustB.mayC.needD.has to 6.(2014菏泽)Look，someone left a book. Oh，yeah
18、This book_ be Kittys. Only she likes to read this kind of books. A.canB.mustC.mayD.might 7.(2014福州)Lisa，hurry up! The bus is coming. Oh，no. We _ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green. A.mustntB.needntC.should 8.(2014江西)Last year I _ drive.I used to take the bus. A.couldB.couldntC.shou
19、ldD.shouldnt 【今日练习】 词汇运用（本题有词汇运用（本题有 15 小题，每小题小题，每小题 1 分，共分，共 15 分。）分。） A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 1.As a, its my duty to tell the truth to the public. 2.Youwill miss the competitionyou can finish your project in two weeks. 3.Wecelebrated the Childrens Day last Monday andreally enjoyed, 4. Before yo
20、u hand in your paper, you should checkyour answer. 5. The computers are getting much smaller andthan before. B. 根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，用单词的正确形式填空完成以下短文。 Denmark is the worlds happiest place for people to live though its neither the _ (最富有的)nor the biggest. So what makes its 5.7_(百万) people enjoy their life?
21、Have you ever_(听见) of the word “hygge”? In English, the word can _ (翻译) into “comfort.” But hygge is more than that: having a tasty meal with family, talking with friends in the sunshine or having a movie night. All these things can be called hygge. Danish people also have a healthy _ ( 习 惯 ): ridin
22、g bikes. Biking is not only helpful to reduce pollution, but also good for peoples health. Trust is also important for Danish people. In Aarhus, the _( 第 二 ) biggest city of Denmark, you can see people buy _ ( 花 ) even when the owners arent there. And there is no _ (害怕，担心) of the thieves with the do
23、or open at night. People will even _ ( 借 ) their cars to strangers who are in trouble. Denmark is such a great country. Do you _ ( 期 待 ) to visit it? wecarefulunlesslightreport 【今日题型完形填空】 Many years ago, I was working in an office in Halifax, Nova Scotia. We had a large_1_ that looked out over a bus
24、y street. I was standing by it one day when a woman in a_2_ car looked up and made eye contact. Naturally I_3_. As she turned and tried to identify me, a quiet laugh_4_ my lips. My co-workers began taking an interest, and stood back watching the_5_ I received, and laughing happily. Then the stress o
25、f work was_6_ away. Christmas was approached, and job_7_ were announced. Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs, and everyone was_8_. While I was working a night shift, a red jacket, a box of foam(泡沫橡胶)packing and strips of tape in the corner attracted my_9_. They could be Santas jacket and
26、 beard! Then I folded ared file in to a_10_ and tied the beard to it. The next day I walked_11_ down into the office in the costume. My co-workers_12_ around me and laughed for the first time in weeks. Suddenly, my boss came up to me_13_, shook his head and then left. I feared_14_. Then the phone ra
27、ng. With a bead of sweat_15_ my forehead, I entered the boss office_16_ , he laughed: Thanks, Mike! Its been hard to enjoy the Christmas season. Thanks for the laugh.I_17_ it. That evening, I stood_18_ by the window and waved at my fans, with my heart_19_ with joy. For a few minutes of that day, wed
28、 been able to forget our_20_ . 1.A. board. windowC. roofD. curtain 2.A. working. wanderingC. passingD. following 3.A. waved. ignored. shoutedD. shook 4.A. obtainedB. lockedC. graspedD. escaped 5.A. concerns. feelingsC. reactionsD. actions 6.A. givenB. turnedC. washedD. broken 7.A. loads. timeC. arra
29、ngementD. cuts 8.A. depressed. excited. confusedD. awkward 9.A. notice. attention. appreciationD. consideration 10A. jacketB. tieC. vestD. hat 11.A. sadlyB. nervouslyC. embarrassedlyD. bravely 12.A. gotB. gatheredC. turnedD. presented 13.A. approachedB. backed offC. stepped inD. paused 14.A. closure
30、B. difficulty. troubleD. mistake 15.A. pulling down. rolling down. flowing onD. moving on 16.A. LastlyB. ThusC. InsteadD. However 17.A. neededB. deservedC. declaredD. shared 18.A. happily. carefully. hopefullyD. silently 19.A. filled. coveredC. equippedD. loaded 20.A. weakness. faultsC. lossesD. cha
31、nges 【今日作业】 Anne was a little Jewish girl _1_ lived in the capital of Netherlands during World War II. In order to avoid _2_ （catch )by the German, her whole family hid away for _3_ long time in the attic(阳台）before they were discovered. She made her diary become her best friend, in _4_she often wrot
32、e down _5_ she thought. It was because she had been indoors for so long _6_she had become so crazy about everything in nature. _7_she wanted to go outdoors and let the thundering clouds _8_ (hold )her entirely in their power again！ It is no pleasure _9_ (look) at nature through dirty curtains any longer. In her eyes, nature was one thingthat _10_（real） must beexperienced.
