1、Day- 6 【Todays words】 目瞪口呆 frozen/dumbfounded尴尬的 embarrassed/awkward 沮丧的 frustrated/depressed/despaired/desperate 耻辱的 ashamed羞愧的 guilty 【Todays phrase:get through】 电话接通到达 The message got through(to us) at last 使通过She has got through the exam花光（钱，时间） 熬过办完(with) ones work 【口诀】电话接通后，丽丽哭着告诉大明，到达后，为了通过考试
2、，她花光了所有的钱， 熬过一段艰难时光，大明立即答应，等他办完事，给她送钱。 【Todays sentence】 Onhearing./ On his arrival at ., he hurried /rushed to., only to find . 【Todays tricks(解题技巧）：逻辑关系】 1、转折：nevertheless 然而 （副词 连词）Its surprising; it is true yet 后可有也可无逗号, however 后必有逗号, though 前有逗号表“但是”， but 除插入语（to my surprise.）外不接逗号, whereas 然而
3、,He is ill,whereas I am a little tired . while,虽然，然而。 meanwhile,而，主要指对比转折。 2、因果：owing to due to 不放句首 thanks to.这些 to 接名词或动名词，as a result, consequently,so.that He left, leaving the work undone./making me lonely./causing me to stop the work. 3、目的：aiming to do sth/at sth, be meant/intended to do sth/fo
4、r sth, 【查漏补缺】 考点考点 1：代词的分类：代词的分类 代词分为：1、人称代词 2、物主代词 3、反身代词 4、不定代词 5、指示代词 6、疑问代词 考点考点 2：代词的用法：代词的用法 知识点： 1. 人称代词人称代词：代替人和事物的名称代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。分为主格和宾格两种形式。 第 一 人 称单数 第二人称单数第 三 人 称 单 数 第一人称 复数 第二人称 复数 第三人称 复数 主 格Iyouhesheitweyouthey 宾 格meyouhimheritusyouthem 主格主格用来作句子的用来作句子的主语、表语主语、表语。如： I often
5、go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) Where have they gone? (他们上哪儿去了？) Thats it.(就那么回事) / Its he!(是他！) 宾格宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语宾语。如： Who teaches you English this year?Help me! We often write letters to her. 人称代词人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词 than 或或 as 之后时之后时,可以用主格形式可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式也可以用宾格形式, 口
6、语中大多用宾格口语中大多用宾格。 如：-Who is it?(是谁？) Its I/me. (是我。) 当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为 you, he, she, I, 而复数时为 we, you， they:如男 女并列时，应先男后女应先男后女，如：He and she 如果在表示不好意思，承担责任时，单数时用，I, he, she, you, 复数时用 they, you， we, 如：Tom and I are good friends. You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon. W
7、e, you and they have been there before. I, he and you have to pay for it. 人称代词人称代词 it 除了可以指人指物之外除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义等含义,此外还可以此外还可以 作作“非人称代词非人称代词”使用使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。 如：Its a long way to go. It took him three days to clean his house
8、. -Whats the time?-Its 12：00. -Whats the weather like today?-Its fine. 2、物主代词：、物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。分为形容词性和名词性两种。 第 一 人 称 单 数 第 二 人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称 复 数 第二人称 复数 第 三 人 称 复数 形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir 名 词 性mineYourshishersitsoursyourstheirs 形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词后面要跟名词。如：
9、Is that your umbrella? (那是你的伞吗？)They are their books.(是他们的书) 2、 名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、 宾语或者表语, 后面后面千万不可以千万不可以跟名词跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is mine? Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. 3、“of + 名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如： A friend of mine came
10、 to see me yesterday. (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) My friend came to see me yesterday. (指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 3、反身代词：、反身代词：表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。 第一人 称单数 第 二 人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复 数 第二人称复 数 第 三 人 称 复 数 myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves 1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动
11、作回到该动作执行者本身)。如： Dont play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的) 2、在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well. 4、指示代词：指示代词： 指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。 指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词 单数复数含义 this(这个)These(这些
12、)指较近的人和物Whats this? that(那个)Those(那些)指较远的人和物 That model plane is made of plastic. such (这样的人/物)指上文提过的人和物Remember never to do such things same (同样的人/物)指和上文提过的相同的人和物 Do the same as the teacher tells you. it (这人/这物)指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时 -Who is it? -Its me! 5、不定代词：、不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不
13、定代词。 单数 含义 some any no none / each (every) one either, neither so the other, another 复合不 定代词 不可数 含义 much little, a little all / / / / 复数 含义 many few, a few onesboth others, the others 注：复合不定代词有 12 个： something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何 人), nothing(没事),nob
14、ody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每 个人). (1)no 和和 none 的用法：的用法： no 是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.(没有时间了,请快点) / They had no reading books to lend.(他们没有 阅读用书可以出借) none 只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、 宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示复数或单数。 如：No
15、ne of them is/are in the classroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里) / I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的) (2)all 和和 both 的用法：的用法： all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。 both 指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。 all 和 both 在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如： I know all of the four British students in their school.(他们学
16、校里四个英国学生我全认识) / -Would you like this one or that one? Both.(你要这个还是那个？两个都要。) all 和 both 既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词名词(复数复数)” 的形式,其中的 of 可以省略。如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都调皮) (3)every 和和 each 用法：用法： every 是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个每一个”,表示整体概念； each 是形容词、代词,可用作
17、主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个每个”或者“各个各个”,表示单个概念； each 可以放在名词前名词前,可以后跟后跟 of 短语短语,与动词同时出现时要放在“be 动词、助动词、情态动词”之 后或者行为动词之前 every 和 each 都用作单数理解,但是下文中既可以用单数的代词(如 he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词 (如 they/them/their)替代。 如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每个学生学习都很用功) They are very busy. Each of them has
18、something to do.(他们很忙,人人都有事干) (4)other、the other 和和 another 的用法的用法： other 意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。 another 意思是“另外”、“又一个”,表示增加,在句中可作宾语和定语。如： Some girls are singing under the tree and others are sitting on the grass talking. You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one? I want
19、 another four books.(我还要四本书) another(另外的,再一,又一)与 the other(另外的一个) 主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用 the other,在 原先基础上增加用 another。 如： This is one of your socks. Where is the other one? I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another. (我已经吃了 4 块蛋糕,但是我还要一块。) others 与与 the others 的主要区别：的主要区别： others 指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分)；the ot
20、hers 指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。 如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them. Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them. (5)many 和和 much 的用法：的用法： many 意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用；much 意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作 主语、宾语和定语等。如： I dont have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友。) Ma
21、ny died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失) We can learn much with the help of him. (在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多) many / much 用于肯定句时可以在前面加上 so、very 或 too.如： There are too many people in the room.(房间里人太多了。) (6)one 与与 ones 用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物,前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、which 等等 如： Which jacket wo
22、uld you like, this one or that one?(你要哪件夹克,这件还是那件？ I dont like the green ones.(我不喜欢绿色的那些) (7)so 可以代替一件事情可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。作句子的宾语或表语。 如： I dont think so.(我认为不是这样的。) / He lost a book.So did I.(他丢失了一本书,我也是。) (8)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of 的区别：的区别： 五个“名词+介
23、词”短语都表示“大量大量,许多许多”, a lot of(或或 lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式,可以相应地换为 much 和 many； plenty of“足够、大量”,既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。 a number of / large numbers of 只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数 形式)可以换为 some、many、a lot of、plenty of。 a great deal of 只可以修饰不可数名词(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式)可以换为 much。 如：A lot of people
24、think that time is money.(许多的人认为时间就是金钱。) I dont have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不着赶忙,因为我有充足的时间。) I have a number of letters to write today.(今天我有好多信要写) I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.(在购物方面我花费了大量的时间/金钱。) (9)none、no one、nobody 的区别：的区别： no one 和 nobody 都表示“没有人”
25、,仅指人,后面不跟 of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式； none 表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟 of 短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。 如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.(没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的) Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.(昨天没有一个人交作文。) None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天没有一个朋友来看我。) 6、疑问代词：、疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代
26、词。用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。 1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever 主要用于特殊疑问句中,一 般放在句首。口语中也常用 who 代替 whom 作宾语,但在介词后则只能用 whom。如： Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?(你都邀请了谁参加你的生日聚会的？) What does she want to be when she grows up?(她长大了想干什么？) 2、who 和 whom 只能独立使用,其中 who 可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,wh
27、om 只能作谓语动 词的宾语； 而 what、 which、 whose 等既可以独立使用作主语、 表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。 如： Who is that man?(那男的是谁？) / What colour are their hats?(他们的帽子是什么颜色？) The man in the car is my father.(车里的男人是我父亲) Which man is your father?(哪个男人是你的父亲？) 3、which 除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况 等进行提问。 如： -Which hotel have
28、 you booked for your holiday?(为了度假你预订了哪家旅馆？) The biggest one in Haikou.(海口最大的那家旅馆) 4、 疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单数； 如果修饰名词,则以名词的 单复数为准。 如：Who is (are) in that playhouse?(谁在游戏房里？) What is that? (那是什么？)What are those? (那些是什么？) 【练习】 1.David cant take care of_when his parents are away from home. Ho
29、me alone is not always perfect. A. myselfB. himselfC. ourselvesD. themselves 2.My sister and I are interested in drawing, but_ of us is good at it. A. neitherB. bothC.noneD. all 3 Who lives together with this old woman? _.She lives by herself, Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday. A. Everybo
30、dyB. SomebodyC.AnybodyD. Nobody 4.All the policemen were very tired, but_of them took a rest. They were busy looking for the missing kid. A. BothB. noneC. eitherD. neither 5.What would you like, coffee or cola?_thanks. Id like a cup of tea. A. NoneB. BothC. EitherD. Neither 6.Is the ticket your sist
31、er Lilys? No, its not_ . It is my cousin Jims. A. hersB. his.C. yoursD. mine 7.Where is my English book? I just left it on the desk a few minutes ago. Im sorry, I dont know. Maybe_ took it away by mistake. A. nobodyB. somebodyC. anybodyD. everybody 8.This is not my jacket. _is new. A. MeB. MyC. ID.
32、Mine 9.With the development of driver less cars, we can travel around with_driving the car. A. somebodyB. everybodyC. nobodyD. anybody 10.There are four bedrooms in the house,_with its own bathroom. Thats what I want. Ive got a few kids. A. eitherB. neither.C. eachD. none 【Exercises 七选五】根据短文内容,从短文后的
33、选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。1. Teachers love to put students into teams._1_ Why? Because they know the responsible team members will come through for a good grade. If you are teamed up with a student who is lazy, the worst thing you can do is let it get you down. _2_ and it might create a positive
34、 change in your partner! Try these tips for working with a slacker(懒虫). Be excited and provide a good example. Your slacker may be a good person who has developed bad work habits. You may be able to teach your partner some valuable skills for a successful future. Think rewards! _3_ For instance, you
35、 could promise to make cupcakes for the next work meeting and encourage your partner to bring a good snack. Make some time to sit with your partner and establish a set of work rules and deadlines. Dont quarrel, though. Make it clear that you would like to establish rules to keep you both on track. _
36、4_ Keep a record of your rules, your initial meetings, and your work. When it becomes obvious in the records that youre doing all the work, talk with the slacker._5_ A. Dont let the anger and pain defeat you. B. Come up with a great reward for meeting some goal. C. Instead, take some steps to encour
37、age your partner to work. D. Unavoidably one or more members will try to do nothing. E. Start out by giving your partner a clear task with a deadline. F. Show him/her the evidence and suggest he or she pick up the pace. G. Think about the future and the fact that you are going to be rewarded. 【今日作业】
38、 After entering high school, you must wonder how to study well. Here are some good skills for you. Go to class. If you want to do well at school, going to class is the first step in studying well. If you miss classes, you will miss what the teacher thinks is important. As a result, youll miss what i
39、s the most likely to end up on the test. _1_ Take good notes. Try not to write down everything. _2_. Write down unfamiliar terms. After class, review your notes as soon as possible. You can fill in details that you missed and review the material while it is still fresh on your mind. _3_If you are st
40、ruggling in class, talk to your teacher. He or she may be able to give you more help before or after class. Most teachers have little sympathy(同情)for students who just become worried about failing during the last few weeks of the grading period. Take part in class discussions. _4_Asking questions an
41、d having eye contact with your teachers and classmates can increase your participation(参与)and your focus during the class discussion. If the material is difficult, youd better read it before class. This helps you make your point clear in class. Form study group. Get students together who want to do
42、well in class. Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it._5_. Sometimes group sessions(上课时间)can become chatting sessions. A. But be careful! B. Dont be late for your class. C. Talk to your teacher if you need help. D. You should write down all the new terms. E. So if you want to study well, go to every class. F.All you need is to put down the main points in your own words. G. In order to learn more in class, it is helpful to take part in class discussions.
