1、重庆市部分名校 2020-2021 学年上学期高一期中英语解析版试题精选汇编 阅读理解专题 重庆市南开中学 2020-2021 学年高一英语上学期期中试题 第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs. AVOID BIG EVE
2、NTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room.Astandard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost 169.15 at B. Aweek later, the same room cost 118.15. If you can
3、be flexible and want to know dates to avoidor youre looking for a big event to pass your timecheck out sites such as W, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category. STAYAWAYFROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base clos
4、e to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday. Dont be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodges Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was 95.95.A roo
5、m just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was 75.75.And at Farringdon, a double room cost just 62.95. LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative, consider ch
6、ecking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city center buildings. Agreat example is the historic ONeill Flat on Edinburghs Royal Mile, available for 420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults. GET ON ABIKE Londons
7、 Boris bikeshave attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programs that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs. Among the smaller cities with their own programs are Newcastle (casual members pay around 1.50 for
8、 two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or 5 per day). 21. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably _. A. the tube line to Covent GardenB. a hotel away from the train station C. the name of a travel agencyD. an ideal holiday destination 22. The passage shows that the ONeill Flat _. A
9、. lies on the ground floor B. provides cooking tools for tourists C. is located in central London D. costs over 100 on average per day in late September 23. The main purpose of the passage is _. A. to offer visitors some money-saving tips B. to show visitors the importance of self-help C. to supply
10、visitors with hotel information D. to tell visitors how to book in advance 【答案】21. B22. B23.A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了去英国旅游时几个可以节省费用的方法，给出了一些建议。 【21 题详解】 推理判断题。由第五段中的“Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodges Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was 95.95. A room
11、just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was 75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just 62.95.”（提前两个月预订，9 月 22 日星期六， 位于伦敦的 Travelodge 的 Central Euston 酒店最便宜的房间是 95.95 英镑。在火车站旁边的 Covent Garden 酒 店仅需 75.75 英镑。在 Farringdon，一间双人房只需 62.95 英镑。 ） ，可知本处在讲酒店房间价钱，离火车站越 近，价格越高。由此推知，Farringdon
12、 是离火车站很远的旅馆。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。 由第六段中的“As an alternative, consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city center buildings. A great example is the historic ONeill Flat on Edinburghs Royal Mile, available for 420 for fi
13、ve days in late September, with room for four adults.”（作为一种 选择，考虑入住一个有自己厨房的自助式公寓。这些公寓通常隐藏在市中心大楼的顶层。一个很好的例子是 位于爱丁堡皇家英里的历史悠久的ONeill Flat， 9月下旬5 天内售价 420 英镑， 可容纳 4名成人。 ） ， 可知 ONeill Flat 有自己的厨房，可以为游客提供烹饪工具。故选 B 项。 【23 题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
14、”（计划访问英国？ 在这里，我们将帮助您降低成本。 ） ，可知文章主要是提供一些帮助读者削减旅游成本的方法。故选 A 项。 B The Scientific Reason Why Your Dog Is Helping You Live Longer Are you one of the 44 percent ofAmericans with a dog? You have a lot of things to thank your dog for, including getting a great nights sleep. But as it turns out, mans best f
15、riend isnt just a great life companion; he (or she) can also help you live longer, according to new research. Astudy published in the journal Scientific Reports gathered data on 3.4 million subjects aged 40 to 80, comparing them to Swedish registers of dog owners over an 11-year period. Overall, own
16、ers of dogs (especially hunting breeds) have a lower risk of death from cardiovascular(心血管) disease or other causes, the researchers found. That even goes for people who live alone, which a previous study has found could shorten your life. Single dog owners were 33 percent less likely to die and 11
17、percent less likely to have a heart attack during the study period, compared to single non-owners. According to the researchers, the benefits can go both ways: While dog ownership can encourage people to be more physically active, active people may also be more likely to own dogs. Owning a dog might
18、 also increase peoplessocial interaction and overall well-being, leading to a longer life. Whats more, a family dog could change the owners bacterial microbiome(细菌微生物群) by exposing them to foreign bacteria, which boosts their immune systems against disease. Find out more secrets your pet wont tell y
19、ou. “Dog ownership has many benefits, and we may now be able to count better heart health as one of them,” Dr. Mike Knapton of the British Heart Foundation told the BBC. “However, as many dog owners may agree, the main reason for owning a dog is the sheer joy.” 24. What will probably allow people to
20、 enjoy a longer life? A. Living alone without a dog. B. Owning a dog. C. Following the dogs living ways. D. Being single. 25. What does the underlined word boost mean? A. influenceB. break C. weakenD. strengthen 26. Which is NOT the benefit of owning a dog in the research? A. Healthier immune system
21、. B. Longer life of the dogs and their owners. C. More social interaction and well-being. D. Lower risk of heart diseases. 27. In Dr. Mike Knaptons opinion, many Americans raise dogs because the dogs can _. A. change their life style B. better their heart condition C. bring them a lot of fun D. help
22、 them to live longer 【答案】24. B25. D26. B27. C 【解析】 本文是说明文。研究表明养狗可以使人类长寿，文章从几方面列举了养狗的好处和对健康的促进作用。 【24 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“he (or she) can also help you live longer, according to new research.”和第二段“Overall, owners of dogs (especially hunting breeds) have a lower risk of death from cardiovascular(心血管) dis
23、ease or other causes, the researchers found.”可知研究表明狗可以帮助人类长寿，养狗的人死于心血管疾病的风险较低。再加 上第四段列举的养狗能促进长寿的原因，可推知拥有一只狗能使人长寿。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 词义猜测题。第四段开头“According to the researchers, the benefits can go both ways”点明了养狗的好处是双向 的，下文就列举了其好处。画线词语所在句子的前半句“a family dog could change the owners bacterial microbiome(细菌微生物
24、群) by exposing them to foreign bacteria,”说明狗可以通过让主人接触外来细菌来改变他 们的细菌微生物群，结合词后的“their immune systems against disease.”可知是加强免疫系统来对抗疾病，boost 应该是“加强，促进，提高”，与 strengthen 同义，故选 D。 【26 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第四段“a family dog could change the owners bacterial microbiome(细菌微生物群) by exposing them to foreign bacteria, wh
25、ich boosts their immune systems against disease.”可知狗可以通过让主人接触外来细 菌来改变他们的细菌微生物群，加强免疫系统来对抗疾病，A 项正确；根据第四段“Owning a dog might also increase peoples social interaction and overall well-being, leading to a longer life.”可知养狗还可以增加人们的社 会交往和整体幸福感，从而延长寿命，C 项正确；根据第二段“owners of dogs (especially hunting breeds) h
26、ave a lower risk of death from cardiovascular(心血管) disease or other causes,”可知养狗的人死于心血管疾病的风险较 低，D 项正确；根据第一段“he (or she) can also help you live longer, according to new research.”及全文内容可知 养狗可以使人类长寿，但文中并没有说能延长狗的寿命，B 项表达错误，故选 B。 【27 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章最后 Dr. Mike Knapton 说的“However, as many dog owners may
27、agree, the main reason for owning a dog is the sheer joy.”(然而， 许多养狗的人可能会同意， 养狗的主要原因是纯粹的乐趣。 )可知 Dr. Mike Knapton 认为许多美国家庭养狗是因为狗能给他们带来更多乐趣，故选 C。 C Last nights meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothsclild, Emerald Valleys mayor, pe
28、ople gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead. “My family was so frustrated,”
29、 admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.” Astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing
30、objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it. There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats
31、 frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating birds.According to the International Dark-Sky Association. “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.” Countless more animals casualties result from the use of arti
32、ficial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase persons chances of getting cancer. Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of
33、 the negative effects of high pollution. For years, Flagstaff,Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using th
34、em, so that other creatures can share the night. 28. It happened last night that. A. the meteors flew past before being noticedB. the citys lights affected the meteor watching C. the city light show attracted many peopleD. the meteor watching ended up as a social outing 29. What do the astronomers c
35、omplain about? A. Light pollution has remained unsolved for years.B. Their observation equipment is in poor repair. C. Meteor showers occur less often than before.D. Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting. 30. Lighting regulations in Flagstaff,Arizona are put into effect to. A. create
36、an ideal observation conditionB. lessen the chance of getting cancer C. ensure citizens a good sleep at nightD. enable all creatures to live in harmony 31. What message does the author most want to give us? A. Saving wildlife is saving ourselves. B. Great efforts should be made to save energy. C. Ne
37、w equipment should be introduced for space study. D. Human activities should be environmentally friendly. 【答案】28. B29.A30.A31. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文从由于城市的光线太强影响人们看流星雨，谈到光污染给动物及人类带来的危害，最 后想告诉人类活动应该是环保的。 28 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段中“What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it dark
38、ened the light of the meteors passing overhead.(相反，他们发现城市的灯光照亮了天空，使得头顶上流星的光线变暗了)” 可知，昨晚发生的事情是，城市的灯光影响了流星观测。故选 B。 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing object
39、s in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.(天文学家研究恒星和行星的科学家已经抱怨这个问题几十年了。他们说， 光污染使他们看不到过去很容易看到的天空物体)”可知，天文学家们抱怨光污染问题多年来一直没有得到解 决。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observ
40、atory.(多年来，亚利桑那州的 Flagstaff 市为了帮助 Lowell 天文台的天文 学家，在该市实施了照明规定)”可知，亚利桑那州的 Flagstaff 市实施了照明规定，为了帮助 Lowell 观测站的 天文学家创造更好的观察环境。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Countless more animals casualties result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but som
41、e scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase persons chances of getting cancer.(不计其数的动物因使用 人工照明而死亡。显然，人们享受夜晚照明的好处，但一些科学家认为它也可能对人类有害。他们担心睡觉 时暴露在光线下会增加患癌症的几率)”结合文章主要讲述的是光污染的问题自己给人类以及动物所造成的不 良影响。可推知，作者最想传达给我们的信息是：人类活动应该是环保的。故选 D。 D
42、Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that its raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a headyoure fully aware of both things, and dont require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfu
43、lly dull, small talk has an important role to fulfil, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction. Humans can be sensitive souls. We each have our boundaries and lists of potential upsets, which when broken, cause us to either gently back away to an
44、 alternative position in the room, or become cross at the person. Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliar person, so that you may better understand their personality. When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, its much safer to point out t
45、he rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you wont find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare. Though insignificant, small talk still has great power. When talking with fellow
46、 humans, much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication.Aresponse to “how was your weekend” can unveil much about the persons character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly
47、 lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying. As more of a persons character is revealed, we have the insight needed to determine whether to broach more significant topicsthe things that we actually want to talk about. Conversation is a
48、 great educator, and deep conversation establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vibrant colors. Such friendships begin with small talk. 32. What is described in the first paragraph? A. The first stage of human interaction. B. Ridiculous h
49、uman behavior in communication. C.Absence of communication between strangers. D. The difficulty of having deep conversations. 33. Why do people find themselves “on the receiving end of a cold stare”? A. Because they are fond of heavy subjects. B. Because they are enthusiastic about politics. C. Beca
50、use they are too sensitive about topics. D. Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance. 34.What might be a sign of friendliness according to paragraph 3? A. The length of the answer.B. The quality of the voice. C. The position of the head.D. The distance between speakers. 35. What might be t
