（2019版）人教版选择性必修第一册英语第三单元Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking知识点讲义学生版+解析版.zip

Section Reading and Thinking 重点词汇词汇讲讲解解 Point1buffet 用法详解 (1)vt.连续猛击;打来打去 The rain buffeted the window.I couldnt fall asleep at all.大雨拍打着窗户,我根本无法入睡。 (2)n.自助餐 We had free buffet lunch in the Chinese restaurant that day. 那天我们在中国餐馆吃了个免费的自助午餐。 (3)n.(旅馆、车站等处的)餐饮部 We sat in the station buffet sipping tea.我们坐在车站的自助餐厅喝茶。 (4)n.饮食柜台 John caught my look and we both got up and,ignoring the waiter,made our way to the buffet. 约翰领会了我的眼神,我们两个都站了起来,没有理睬那个侍者,朝自助台走去。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)Their plane(buffet) by storms before it crashed. (2)Storms swept the country,closing roads,(buffet) ferries and killing as many as 30 people. 2.结合 buffet 的用法完成句子 (1)这艘船正乘风破浪前进。 This shipits way through the waves. (2)所有人生之打击都应以尊严和理智来对付。 Allshall be met with dignity and senses. Point2 cloth 用法详解 (1)U布;布料 Cut the coat according to the cloth.量体裁衣。 Youd better wrap it in a piece of clean cloth.你最好用一块干净的布将它包好。 (2)C(一块)布 They handed each of us a hot wet cloth to wipe our hands.他们递给我们每个人一块温热的湿布擦手。 归纳拓展 clothes n.(复数)衣服 put on/take off clothes 穿/脱衣服 clothing(总称)衣服;服装 No matter where we are,we always have food,clothing,and shelter as well as people who love us. 无论身在何处,我们都能得到食物、衣服和住处,还有关爱我们的人。 经典例题 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他们穿着一套旧衣服,以防别人认出他们。 Dressed inso that no one should recognize them. (2)当飞机抵达机场后,工人们开始卸下一批有服装的木箱。 When a plane arrived at the airport,workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which . Point3 edge 用法详解 (1)C边;边缘 The sun was pushing its way over the edge of the world.太阳在天边缓缓升起。 (2)n.刀口;刃;利刃 The knife has no/a sharp edge.刀子不/很锋利。 (3)n.优势 have/gain an edge on/over 比占优势;胜过 I cant beat you at tennis,but I have/gain an edge on you in ping-pong.我打网球不如你,但打乒乓球我比你 强。 (4)vt. 取缔 ban sb. from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事 The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。 She was banned from the game for two years after failing a drug test. 她没通过药检,被禁赛两年。 (2)C(常用单数)禁止;禁令 They are now protected by an international ban on whaling. 现在它们受到国际鲸鱼禁捕令的保护。 (3)C禁令(多与介词 on 连用)。常见搭配: a ban on sth 对某事的禁令 impose a ban(on.)颁布(对.的)禁令 lift/remove a ban(on.)解除(对.的)禁令 a ban on sth 对某事的禁令 impose a ban(on.)颁布(对.的)禁令 lift/remove a ban(on.)解除(对.的)禁令 There is a ban on parking here. 这里禁止停车。 The company has imposed a ban on overtime. 这家公司颁布了对加班的禁令。 辨析比较ban,forbid 与 prohibit ban 指合法地或由于社会压力禁止,含谴责或不赞成的态度,搭配形式为 ban sb.from (doing)sth.。forbid 用于较小事物,或长辈、上级作出禁止命令,搭配形式为 forbid sb. to do sth.。prohibit 指通过法律、警 告等作出禁止命令的正式规定,搭配形式为 prohibit sb.from (doing)sth.。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)A very beautiful town Bravuogn in Switzerland has banned touriststaking photos in order to get holidaymakers to take a break from social media. (2)Luckily,the government has put a nationwide ban the use of free plastic bags,demanding that no stores or supermarkets should provide customers with free plastic bags. 2.单句写作 (1)The city is shut down to (禁止人群 流动)to prevent the spread of novel coronavirus(新型冠状病毒). (2)Almost all the private cars (已经禁止通行)in the city centers during the special period. Point5 visible 用法详解 visible adj.看得见的,可见的,有形的 Distant pagodas are visible to those mountain climbers from the peak. 从山顶上,登山者可以看到远处的宝塔。 反义词:invisible adj.不可见的 归纳拓展 vision n.视力,视觉visual adj.视觉的 Despite his old age,he has good vision and hearing. 尽管他年龄很大了,但是他有好的视力和听力。 His designs have a strong visual appeal. 他的设计在视觉上很有感染力。 Not only is the illustration art the visual exhibition,but also the concentration of culture. 插图艺术不仅是视觉的展示,更是文化的浓缩。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)A(vision)presentation,such as a video,slide show or computer project,will be available. (2)The kite flew away,and it was(visible). 2.单句写作 (1)Most stars (看不见)to the naked eye. (2)An enterpriser should (有开阔的视野). Point6 move 用法详解 (1)n.移动,行动 (2)vt. 搬家 (3)vt.使感动 move about/around 四处走动;经常搬动 move on 继续前进;转换(话题) make a move towards朝移动 on the move 在行进中;在移动中 I was deeply moved by the story Cart told us. 我被卡特讲给我们的故事深深地打动了。 归纳拓展 mov(e)able adj.可移动的;活动的 movementC活动 C(政治、社会或思想的)运动 eye movements 眼部运动 The artistic movement called the Renaissance began in Florence. 这场被称为文艺复兴的艺术运动开始于佛罗伦萨。 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他的演讲感动得听众都流泪了。 His speech. (2)一群大象在国家公园里活动着。 An elephant group is in the national park. (3)我认为那个话题我们已经谈得够多了,咱们换个话题吧。 I think weve talked enough about that subject;lets. 2.单句语法填空 (1)He became very ill and it was difficult for him(move)around. (2)After a few minutes,the bus (move)on again. Point7 accompany 用法详解 accompany vt.陪伴;伴奏;附有;配有 As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops,he wrote out a list of items for her.因为不允许他陪她 去商店,所以他就给她写了一份购物清单。 归纳拓展 (1)accompany sb.=keep pany 陪伴某人 accompany sb.to sp.陪伴/陪同某人到某地 (2)accompany sb.at/on sth.用某物为某人伴奏 be accompanied by 由伴奏/伴随 (3)company U陪伴;陪同 companion C同伴;伙伴 in the company of sb.在某人的陪伴/陪同下 She asked me to accompany her to the airport last night.昨晚上她要求我陪她去机场。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)With nobody(accompany)her during the festival,the old lady felt lonely. (2)She asked me(accompany)her to the airport. 2.单句写作 (1)Shall we ask her(给我们伴奏)on the piano? (2)Ken agreed(陪我)on a trip to Africa. Point8 adopt 用法详解 (1)vt.采用;采纳 adopt a suggestion/view 采纳建议/观点 The school decided to adopt new methods of teaching foreign languages.学校决定采用新的外语教学方法。 (2)vt. 领养 adopt an orphan/a dog 收养孤儿/狗 The couple are unable to have children of their own,but hope to adopt.这对夫妇自己不能生育,但希望领养 孩子。 归纳拓展 adopted adj.收养的;领养的;移居的 his adopted son 他的养子 ones adopted country 某人的移居国 adoption n.收养;采用 adoptive adj.收养的 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)They(adopt)the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years. (2)They refused to give the child for(adopt). 2.单句写作 (1)The(被收养的孩子有权看)his birth certificate. (2)He was able to persuade capital(采纳他的计划). Point9 set out 用法详解 set out 出发;打算;阐述;摆放;陈列 When setting out on a long walk,always wear suitable shoes. 出发远行时,一定穿上合适的鞋子。 We set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day. 那天,我们打算把整个房子粉刷完,但只粉刷完了前面的部分。 He set out the reasons for his decision in his report. 他在报告中阐述了他作这个决定的理由。 归纳拓展 set about (doing)sth.开始/着手(做)某事 set aside 留出;把置于一旁 set down 记下;放下 set in 开始;来临 set off 出发;引发;拉响(警报);放(烟火);衬托出 set up (1)建起;竖起;安装 (2)建立;设立;创立 (3)安排 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)If you really want to see the movie,wed better set offthe cinema now. (2)Having cleaned the room,she set about(prepare)the dinner. (3)In 1963 the UN setthe World Food Programme,one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. (4)Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home, more books purchased for them,parents who read more often,and parents who settime for them to read. (5)Ralph W.Emerson would always setnew ideas that occurred to him. Point10 bless 用法详解 (1)v.为祈神保佑;祝福 The bishop blessed the ship before it left the port.在那艘船离港前,主教祈神保佑它。 (2)(神)赋予;赐予 Fortune blessed him with success.命运之神赐予他成功。 归纳拓展 (be)blessed with 使有幸得到 I was blessed with a happy childhood,one that most people would want to have.我有幸拥有一个幸福的童 年,一个多数人想拥有的童年。 blessingU准许 He went with his parents blessing.他是得到父母的同意才去的。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)Everyone desires to be blessedhealth and happiness. (2)Chinas peaceful development is a (bless) as well as opportunity to the world. 2.用 be blessed with 翻译下列句子 她拥有得天独厚的歌声。 _ Point11 live off 用法详解 live off 依靠生活;以吃为生 He is a man who all his life has lived off his father.他是一个终生依赖他父亲生活的人。 归纳拓展 live on 以为生;以为主食;继续活着 live with 忍受 live up to 不辜负;符合;履行 live through 经历(灾难或困境)而幸存 live by doing sth.靠做某事为生 As we know,panda lives on bamboo. 众所周知,熊猫以竹子为主食。 You might not like the situation,but youll have to learn to live with it. 你可能不喜欢这种情况,但你将必须学会忍受。 The old man lived through two world wars. 这位老人经历过两次世界大战。 经典例题 单句写作 (1)He lived (没有辜负老师们的期望). (2)Being a parent is a one way deal:you work for them,and they(依靠你生活). (3)In modern times,people have to learn(承受各种各样的压 力)although they are leading a comfortable life. (4)Had she(履行)her promise,she would have made it to Yale University. Section Reading and Thinking 重点词汇词汇讲讲解解 Point1buffet 用法详解 (1)vt.连续猛击;打来打去 The rain buffeted the window.I couldnt fall asleep at all.大雨拍打着窗户,我根本无法入睡。 (2)n.自助餐 We had free buffet lunch in the Chinese restaurant that day. 那天我们在中国餐馆吃了个免费的自助午餐。 (3)n.(旅馆、车站等处的)餐饮部 We sat in the station buffet sipping tea.我们坐在车站的自助餐厅喝茶。 (4)n.饮食柜台 John caught my look and we both got up and,ignoring the waiter,made our way to the buffet. 约翰领会了我的眼神,我们两个都站了起来,没有理睬那个侍者,朝自助台走去。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)Their plane(buffet) by storms before it crashed. (2)Storms swept the country,closing roads,(buffet) ferries and killing as many as 30 people. 2.结合 buffet 的用法完成句子 (1)这艘船正乘风破浪前进。 This shipits way through the waves. (2)所有人生之打击都应以尊严和理智来对付。 Allshall be met with dignity and senses. 参考答案 1.(1)had been buffeted (2)buffeting 2.(1)is buffeting(2)lifes buffet Point2 cloth 用法详解 (1)U布;布料 Cut the coat according to the cloth.量体裁衣。 Youd better wrap it in a piece of clean cloth.你最好用一块干净的布将它包好。 (2)C(一块)布 They handed each of us a hot wet cloth to wipe our hands.他们递给我们每个人一块温热的湿布擦手。 归纳拓展 clothes n.(复数)衣服 put on/take off clothes 穿/脱衣服 clothing(总称)衣服;服装 No matter where we are,we always have food,clothing,and shelter as well as people who love us. 无论身在何处,我们都能得到食物、衣服和住处,还有关爱我们的人。 经典例题 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他们穿着一套旧衣服,以防别人认出他们。 Dressed inso that no one should recognize them. (2)当飞机抵达机场后,工人们开始卸下一批有服装的木箱。 When a plane arrived at the airport,workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which . 参考答案 (1)a suit of old clothes(2)contained clothing Point3 edge 用法详解 (1)C边;边缘 The sun was pushing its way over the edge of the world.太阳在天边缓缓升起。 (2)n.刀口;刃;利刃 The knife has no/a sharp edge.刀子不/很锋利。 (3)n.优势 have/gain an edge on/over 比占优势;胜过 I cant beat you at tennis,but I have/gain an edge on you in ping-pong.我打网球不如你,但打乒乓球我比你 强。 (4)vt. 取缔 ban sb. from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事 The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。 She was banned from the game for two years after failing a drug test. 她没通过药检,被禁赛两年。 (2)C(常用单数)禁止;禁令 They are now protected by an international ban on whaling. 现在它们受到国际鲸鱼禁捕令的保护。 (3)C禁令(多与介词 on 连用)。常见搭配: a ban on sth 对某事的禁令 impose a ban(on.)颁布(对.的)禁令 lift/remove a ban(on.)解除(对.的)禁令 a ban on sth 对某事的禁令 impose a ban(on.)颁布(对.的)禁令 lift/remove a ban(on.)解除(对.的)禁令 There is a ban on parking here. 这里禁止停车。 The company has imposed a ban on overtime. 这家公司颁布了对加班的禁令。 辨析比较ban,forbid 与 prohibit ban 指合法地或由于社会压力禁止,含谴责或不赞成的态度,搭配形式为 ban sb.from (doing)sth.。forbid 用于较小事物,或长辈、上级作出禁止命令,搭配形式为 forbid sb. to do sth.。prohibit 指通过法律、警 告等作出禁止命令的正式规定,搭配形式为 prohibit sb.from (doing)sth.。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)A very beautiful town Bravuogn in Switzerland has banned touriststaking photos in order to get holidaymakers to take a break from social media. (2)Luckily,the government has put a nationwide ban the use of free plastic bags,demanding that no stores or supermarkets should provide customers with free plastic bags. 2.单句写作 (1)The city is shut down to (禁止人群 流动)to prevent the spread of novel coronavirus(新型冠状病毒). (2)Almost all the private cars (已经禁止通行)in the city centers during the special period. 参考答案 1.(1)from (2)on 2.(1)ban the crowds of people from flowing (2)have been banned from passing Point5 visible 用法详解 visible adj.看得见的,可见的,有形的 Distant pagodas are visible to those mountain climbers from the peak. 从山顶上,登山者可以看到远处的宝塔。 反义词:invisible adj.不可见的 归纳拓展 vision n.视力,视觉visual adj.视觉的 Despite his old age,he has good vision and hearing. 尽管他年龄很大了,但是他有好的视力和听力。 His designs have a strong visual appeal. 他的设计在视觉上很有感染力。 Not only is the illustration art the visual exhibition,but also the concentration of culture. 插图艺术不仅是视觉的展示,更是文化的浓缩。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)A(vision)presentation,such as a video,slide show or computer project,will be available. (2)The kite flew away,and it was(visible). 2.单句写作 (1)Most stars (看不见)to the naked eye. (2)An enterpriser should (有开阔的视野). 参考答案 1.(1)visual此处用形容词修饰名词 presentation(呈现)。 (2)invisible句意:风筝飞远了,看不见了。 2.(1)are invisible(2)have the wide vision Point6 move 用法详解 (1)n.移动,行动 (2)vt. 搬家 (3)vt.使感动 move about/around 四处走动;经常搬动 move on 继续前进;转换(话题) make a move towards朝移动 on the move 在行进中;在移动中 I was deeply moved by the story Cart told us. 我被卡特讲给我们的故事深深地打动了。 归纳拓展 mov(e)able adj.可移动的;活动的 movementC活动 C(政治、社会或思想的)运动 eye movements 眼部运动 The artistic movement called the Renaissance began in Florence. 这场被称为文艺复兴的艺术运动开始于佛罗伦萨。 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他的演讲感动得听众都流泪了。 His speech. (2)一群大象在国家公园里活动着。 An elephant group is in the national park. (3)我认为那个话题我们已经谈得够多了,咱们换个话题吧。 I think weve talked enough about that subject;lets. 2.单句语法填空 (1)He became very ill and it was difficult for him(move)around. (2)After a few minutes,the bus (move)on again. 参考答案 1.(1)moved the audience to tears (2)on the move(3)move on 2.(1)to move (2)moved Point7 accompany 用法详解 accompany vt.陪伴;伴奏;附有;配有 As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops,he wrote out a list of items for her.因为不允许他陪她 去商店,所以他就给她写了一份购物清单。 归纳拓展 (1)accompany sb.=keep pany 陪伴某人 accompany sb.to sp.陪伴/陪同某人到某地 (2)accompany sb.at/on sth.用某物为某人伴奏 be accompanied by 由伴奏/伴随 (3)company U陪伴;陪同 companion C同伴;伙伴 in the company of sb.在某人的陪伴/陪同下 She asked me to accompany her to the airport last night.昨晚上她要求我陪她去机场。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)With nobody(accompany)her during the festival,the old lady felt lonely. (2)She asked me(accompany)her to the airport. 2.单句写作 (1)Shall we ask her(给我们伴奏)on the piano? (2)Ken agreed(陪我)on a trip to Africa. 参考答案 1.(1)accompanying(2)to accompany 2.(1)to accompany us(2)to accompany me Point8 adopt 用法详解 (1)vt.采用;采纳 adopt a suggestion/view 采纳建议/观点 The school decided to adopt new methods of teaching foreign languages.学校决定采用新的外语教学方法。 (2)vt. 领养 adopt an orphan/a dog 收养孤儿/狗 The couple are unable to have children of their own,but hope to adopt.这对夫妇自己不能生育,但希望领养 孩子。 归纳拓展 adopted adj.收养的;领养的;移居的 his adopted son 他的养子 ones adopted country 某人的移居国 adoption n.收养;采用 adoptive adj.收养的 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)They(adopt)the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years. (2)They refused to give the child for(adopt). 2.单句写作 (1)The(被收养的孩子有权看)his birth certificate. (2)He was able to persuade capital(采纳他的计划). 参考答案 1.(1)have adopted (2)adoptionfor 是介词,所以该空填名词。 2.(1)adopted child has the right to see (2)to adopt his plan Point9 set out 用法详解 set out 出发;打算;阐述;摆放;陈列 When setting out on a long walk,always wear suitable shoes. 出发远行时,一定穿上合适的鞋子。 We set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day. 那天,我们打算把整个房子粉刷完,但只粉刷完了前面的部分。 He set out the reasons for his decision in his report. 他在报告中阐述了他作这个决定的理由。 归纳拓展 set about (doing)sth.开始/着手(做)某事 set aside 留出;把置于一旁 set down 记下;放下 set in 开始;来临 set off 出发;引发;拉响(警报);放(烟火);衬托出 set up (1)建起;竖起;安装 (2)建立;设立;创立 (3)安排 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)If you really want to see the movie,wed better set offthe cinema now. (2)Having cleaned the room,she set about(prepare)the dinner. (3)In 1963 the UN setthe World Food Programme,one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. (4)Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home, more books purchased for them,parents who read more often,and parents who settime for them to read. (5)Ralph W.Emerson would always setnew ideas that occurred to him. 参考答案 (1)for (2)preparing (3)up(4)aside (5)down Point