（2019版）人教版选择性必修第一册英语第五单元Section Ⅱ Learning About Language 知识点讲义 学生版+解析版.zip

Section Learning About Language 重点重点词汇词汇讲讲解解 Point1 commit oneself to (doing) sth. 用法详解 commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于;做出决定(日后难以更改) You dont have to commit yourself now, just think about it. 你不必现在表态,只需考虑一下这件事。 This award recognizes outstanding service, dedication and a willingness to commit yourself to setting a standard of customer service which places this individual in a class all of their own. 这一奖项充分肯定了出色的服务,奉献精神及致力于为顾客提供标准服务,而正是这些,使得其中一人 在众人中脱颖而出。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)He committed himself to (work) for peace all through his life. (2)They were reluctant to commit themselves an opinion. 参考答案 (1)working句意:他一生致力于和平。commit oneself to doing 致力于做。 (2)to句意:他们不愿意就这一观点表态。 Point2 take on 用法详解 take on 雇用;呈现;承担 Dont take on more responsibilities than you can handle.不要承担过多的责任。 His voice took on a more serious tone.他说话的语气变得严肃起来。 The party has been taking on staff, including temporary organisers.这个政党一直在招募工作人员,包括临 时的组织人员。 归纳拓展 take in 吸收;欺骗;改小;理解 take off 起飞;突然大受欢迎 take over 接管 take up 开始做;继续;占据(位置);拿起;接受 take down 拆卸;记下 take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父、母)相像 take apart 拆开 经典例题 1.判断下列句子中 take on 的含义 (1)If you take on a job or responsibility, especially a difficult one, you accept it. (2)Believing he had only one year to live, his writing took on a feverish intensity(极度的狂热). 2.用 take 短语的适当形式填空(take over, take on, take up, take off, take in) (1)He my wet boots and made me sit by the fire. (2)One of my colleagues offered his resignation and I was required to his work. (3)With economy recovering, more and more workers are . (4)We need to encourage more people to the project because it lacks labor force. (5)He didnt what he read because his mind was a focus on something else. 参考答案 1.(1)承担(2)呈现 2.(1)took off(2)take over(3)taken on(4)take up(5)take in Point3 bomb 用法详解 (1)n.炸弹 Hundreds of bombs were dropped on the city.几百枚炸弹投到了这座城市。 (2)vt.轰炸 The city was heavily bombed in the war.这座城市在战争中遭到了猛烈轰炸。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Everybody took over when the (bomb) began to fall on the town. (2)During World War , when London (bomb), many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters. 参考答案 (1)bombs (2)was bombed Point4 extension 用法详解 extension n.延长;扩建;分机 Donalds been given an extension to finish his thesis.唐纳德得到宽限期以完成他的论文。 Do you know Mr Browns extension number?你知道布朗先生的分机号吗? 归纳拓展 extend vt.(1)延长,推延 The management have agreed to extend the deadline.管理层已经同意延长最后期限。 (2)延伸,伸展 The Nile River extends as far south as Lake Victoria.尼罗河一直往南延伸至维多利亚湖。 (3)影响,包括 My duties at school extend beyond just teaching.我在学校的职责不仅是教书。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1) Books help me to enlarge (extend)of the knowledge. (2)There are telephone (extension) in every room. (3) He is expected (extend) direct rule by the central government for another six months. (4)The protection of the law (extend) to more kinds of animals. 参考答案 (1)extension(2)extensions (3)to extend(4)is extended Point5 adapt to 用法详解 adapt to (doing) sth.(使)适应,(使)适合(做)某事 The children find it hard to adapt to the new school.孩子们发觉很难适应新学校。 He has adapted to doing that work.他已经适应做那份工作了。 归纳拓展 adaptfor/from改编(一般用被动语态) Many children buy books after they have been adapted for television.许多孩子都是在书被改编成电视剧 之后才去买的。 The film has been adapted from a play of the same title.电影改编自一部同名戏剧。 知识链接 adjust to doing sth.适应做某事；(使)习惯做某事 adjust oneself to sth.习惯；适应 My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.我父母不习惯住公寓。 It took me some time to adjust myself to motherhood.我过了一段时间才习惯做母亲这个角色。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Im sorry to hear that youre having trouble adapting your new school life in America, but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice. (2)One should adapt oneself to (change) with the society. (3)To our delight, the kids quickly adjusted themselves the new environment. (4)My grand-parents had trouble adjusting to (live) here. (5)The novel (adapt) from one of Lu Xuns novels. 参考答案 (1)to(2)changing (3)to(4)living (5)was adapted Point6 prefer to do rather than do 用法详解 prefer to do rather than do宁愿做而不愿做 Nowadays many people prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors. 如今许多人宁可待在家里上网,也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。 People seem to prefer to emphasize the things he does not do right nowadays, rather than look at the great things he does for the team. 现在人们似乎更愿意强调他做的不好的事情,而不愿看他为团队所做的好的事情。 归纳拓展 表示“宁愿”的相关句型: would do sth rather than do sth.=would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做.而不愿做. would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人做某事(用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人做过某事(用过去完成时表示过去的动作) would rather have done sth 宁愿做了某事 would rather not have done sth.宁愿没做某事 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Airlines would prefer (update) rather than retrain crews. (2)Thousands of children nowadays prefer (do) their homework to a background of pop music to (do) it in a quiet room. (3)The majority of people interviewed prefer TV radio. (4)I really dont like to do housework.I would rather(do) anything than clean the house. (5)The children would walk there rather than (take) a bus. 参考答案 (1)to update (2)doing;doing (3)to (4)do (5)take Point7 nutritional 用法详解 nutritional adj. 营养(成分)的 It does sometimes help to know the nutritional content of foods. 知道食物所含的营养成分有时的确有帮助。 归纳拓展 (1)nutrition n.营养;滋养 (2)nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)The labels on food products give a lot of information about their (nutrition) content. (2)It is always important to choose enjoyable, (nutrition) foods. 参考答案 (1)nutritional (2)nutritious Point8 flavour 用法详解 (1)n.(食物或饮料的)味道 The tomatoes give extra flavour to the sauce.番茄使调味汁别有风味。 n.特色;气氛 Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavour to the occasion. 外国客人使这个场合显示出一种真正国际性的气氛。 (2)vt.给(食物或饮料)调味;加味于 Lime preserved in salt is a North African speciality which is used to flavour chicken dishes.盐渍的酸橙是北 非的一种特产,在烹制鸡肉时用来调味。 经典例题 单句语法填空 This yogurt comes in ten different (flavour). 参考答案 flavours句意:这种酸奶有十种不同的味道。 Section Learning About Language 重点重点词汇词汇讲讲解解 Point1 commit oneself to (doing) sth. 用法详解 commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于;做出决定(日后难以更改) You dont have to commit yourself now, just think about it. 你不必现在表态,只需考虑一下这件事。 This award recognizes outstanding service, dedication and a willingness to commit yourself to setting a standard of customer service which places this individual in a class all of their own. 这一奖项充分肯定了出色的服务,奉献精神及致力于为顾客提供标准服务,而正是这些,使得其中一人 在众人中脱颖而出。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)He committed himself to (work) for peace all through his life. (2)They were reluctant to commit themselves an opinion. Point2 take on 用法详解 take on 雇用;呈现;承担 Dont take on more responsibilities than you can handle.不要承担过多的责任。 His voice took on a more serious tone.他说话的语气变得严肃起来。 The party has been taking on staff, including temporary organisers.这个政党一直在招募工作人员,包括临 时的组织人员。 归纳拓展 take in 吸收;欺骗;改小;理解 take off 起飞;突然大受欢迎 take over 接管 take up 开始做;继续;占据(位置);拿起;接受 take down 拆卸;记下 take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父、母)相像 take apart 拆开 经典例题 1.判断下列句子中 take on 的含义 (1)If you take on a job or responsibility, especially a difficult one, you accept it. (2)Believing he had only one year to live, his writing took on a feverish intensity(极度的狂热). 2.用 take 短语的适当形式填空(take over, take on, take up, take off, take in) (1)He my wet boots and made me sit by the fire. (2)One of my colleagues offered his resignation and I was required to his work. (3)With economy recovering, more and more workers are . (4)We need to encourage more people to the project because it lacks labor force. (5)He didnt what he read because his mind was a focus on something else. Point3 bomb 用法详解 (1)n.炸弹 Hundreds of bombs were dropped on the city.几百枚炸弹投到了这座城市。 (2)vt.轰炸 The city was heavily bombed in the war.这座城市在战争中遭到了猛烈轰炸。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Everybody took over when the (bomb) began to fall on the town. (2)During World War , when London (bomb), many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters. Point4 extension 用法详解 extension n.延长;扩建;分机 Donalds been given an extension to finish his thesis.唐纳德得到宽限期以完成他的论文。 Do you know Mr Browns extension number?你知道布朗先生的分机号吗? 归纳拓展 extend vt.(1)延长,推延 The management have agreed to extend the deadline.管理层已经同意延长最后期限。 (2)延伸,伸展 The Nile River extends as far south as Lake Victoria.尼罗河一直往南延伸至维多利亚湖。 (3)影响,包括 My duties at school extend beyond just teaching.我在学校的职责不仅是教书。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1) Books help me to enlarge (extend)of the knowledge. (2)There are telephone (extension) in every room. (3) He is expected (extend) direct rule by the central government for another six months. (4)The protection of the law (extend) to more kinds of animals. Point5 adapt to 用法详解 adapt to (doing) sth.(使)适应,(使)适合(做)某事 The children find it hard to adapt to the new school.孩子们发觉很难适应新学校。 He has adapted to doing that work.他已经适应做那份工作了。 归纳拓展 adaptfor/from改编(一般用被动语态) Many children buy books after they have been adapted for television.许多孩子都是在书被改编成电视剧 之后才去买的。 The film has been adapted from a play of the same title.电影改编自一部同名戏剧。 知识链接 adjust to doing sth.适应做某事；(使)习惯做某事 adjust oneself to sth.习惯；适应 My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.我父母不习惯住公寓。 It took me some time to adjust myself to motherhood.我过了一段时间才习惯做母亲这个角色。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Im sorry to hear that youre having trouble adapting your new school life in America, but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice. (2)One should adapt oneself to (change) with the society. (3)To our delight, the kids quickly adjusted themselves the new environment. (4)My grand-parents had trouble adjusting to (live) here. (5)The novel (adapt) from one of Lu Xuns novels. Point6 prefer to do rather than do 用法详解 prefer to do rather than do宁愿做而不愿做 Nowadays many people prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors. 如今许多人宁可待在家里上网,也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。 People seem to prefer to emphasize the things he does not do right nowadays, rather than look at the great things he does for the team. 现在人们似乎更愿意强调他做的不好的事情,而不愿看他为团队所做的好的事情。 归纳拓展 表示“宁愿”的相关句型: would do sth rather than do sth.=would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做.而不愿做. would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人做某事(用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人做过某事(用过去完成时表示过去的动作) would rather have done sth 宁愿做了某事 would rather not have done sth.宁愿没做某事 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Airlines would prefer (update) rather than retrain crews. (2)Thousands of children nowadays prefer (do) their homework to a background of pop music to (do) it in a quiet room. (3)The majority of people interviewed prefer TV radio. (4)I really dont like to do housework.I would rather(do) anything than clean the house. (5)The children would walk there rather than (take) a bus. Point7 nutritional 用法详解 nutritional adj. 营养(成分)的 It does sometimes help to know the nutritional content of foods. 知道食物所含的营养成分有时的确有帮助。 归纳拓展 (1)nutrition n.营养;滋养 (2)nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)The labels on food products give a lot of information about their (nutrition) content. (2)It is always important to choose enjoyable, (nutrition) foods. Point8 flavour 用法详解 (1)n.(食物或饮料的)味道 The tomatoes give extra flavour to the sauce.番茄使调味汁别有风味。 n.特色;气氛 Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavour to the occasion. 外国客人使这个场合显示出一种真正国际性的气氛。 (2)vt.给(食物或饮料)调味;加味于 Lime preserved in salt is a North African speciality which is used to flavour chicken dishes.盐渍的酸橙是北 非的一种特产,在烹制鸡肉时用来调味。 经典例题 单句语法填空 This yogurt comes in ten different (flavour).