1、Unit4单元重点词语归纳1. mental adj. 精神的;思想的【经典例句】Do you have a mental picture of what it will look like？ 在你脑子里它会是什么样子？The experience has affected both her mental and physical health. 这段经历损害了她的身心健康。The hospital cares for some fifty mental patients. 这家医院照料五十名左右精神病患者。【归纳拓展】mentally adv. 精神上;精神地;mental developm
2、ent 智力发展;mental health / illness /problems 心理健康 / 疾病 / 问题;physical and mental health 身心健康;physical andmental conditions 身心狀况2. signal vt. & vi. 标志;标明;发信号n. 信号;标志【经典例句】She signalled it was time to leave. 她示意该走了。The white flowers signal the arrival of spring. 白色的鲜花标志着春天的来临。The signal changed from
3、green to red. 信号灯从绿色变成红色。【归纳拓展】signal to sb. 示意某人;向某人发信号;signal to sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事;sendout a signal 发出信号;a danger signal 危险信号;a warning signal 警告信号;an alarmsignal 报警信号;a clear signal 清晰的信号;receive / pick up a signal 接收信号【易混辨析】signal， sign， symbol 与 mark 的辨析：这组词都有“标记，标志”之意。 signal 表示“信号”，常指约定俗
4、成，用于传达某些信息的信号，也指灯光，声音或信号标志;sign 表示“记号，标记”，用法最广，可指符号（装置） ，也可指情绪、性格的直观显示，还指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指标牌、卡片等。借喻时讲作“征兆，迹象”;symbol 表示“象征，符号”，指被人们选出的物体或图案，用来代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征;mark 表示“标志，标记”，含义广泛，指事物留下的深刻印迹或某物上用于辨别该物品的附属物，比 sign 更侧重于区别性或揭示性的标志，有时不一定十分直观或明显。3. determine vt. 查明;确定;决定【经典例句】The investigation will dete
5、rmine what really happened. 调查会查明到底发生了什么事情。They determined to start early. 他们决定早点出发。Testing needs to be done to determine the long-term effects on humans. 需要进行检测以确定其对人的长期影响。【归纳拓展】determination n. 决心;决定;determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的;with determination 坚决地;be determined to do sth. 决心做某事;be determined that.
6、 决心;determine todo sth. 决定/决心做某事;determine on （doing） sth. 决定 （做） 某事;determine sb. to dosth. 使某人下决心做某事4. disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的【经典例句】I was disappointed by the quality of the wine. 这酒的质量令我失望。He was disappointed at not getting the job， but hell get over it. 他没得到这份工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。She tried her harde
7、st not to show how disappointed she was. 她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。【归纳拓展】disappoint vt. 使失望;disappointing adj. 令人失望的;disappointment n. 失望;toones disappointment 令某人失望的是;be disappointed in / with sb. 对某人失望;bedisappointed at /about sth. 对某事失望;be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望5. argue vt. & vi. 论证;争辩;争论【经典例句】
8、He argued that they needed more time to finish the project. 他提出理由说明他们需要更多的时间来完成该项目。He argued that she should not go. 他争辩说她不该去。I argued with him the whole day but failed to convince him. 我和他争论了一整天，但是没能说服他。【归纳拓展】argument n. 争论;辩论;have an argument with sb. 与某人争论/争吵;have anargument about / over sth. 为某事
9、争论/争吵;an argument for / against. 支持/反对的论据/理由;argue with sb. about / over sth. 与某人争论某事;argue for 为支持而争辩;argue against 为反对而争辩;不赞成;argue sb. into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做某事 / 不做某事;argue that. 争辩;认为【易混辨析】argue 与 debate 的辨析：argue 側重“说理”“论证”和“企图说服”;debate 侧重“双方各抒己见”，内含“交锋”的意思。6. run out 用光，耗尽【经典例句】If you
10、 eat， you will get thirsty and your water will run out soon. 如果你吃东西，你就会感到口渴，你的水很快就会用光。Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。His patience has completely run out. 他已经完全没有耐心了。【归纳拓展】run across 偶然遇见，跑着穿过;run after 追捕，跟踪;run into 跑进，（使）撞，偶然遇到;run away 逃跑;run for 竞选【易混辨析】run out 与 run out of 的辨析：这两个短语都有“用完”的
11、意思，但用法不同。run out 是不及物动词短语，常以物作主语，表示“被用完;被耗尽;（人）把东西用完（或花光）”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词;run out of 则是及物短语，主语只能是人。7. make sure 确保;查明;弄清楚【经典例句】Make sure the wires dont touch. 一定不要让金属线搭在一起。She shook it to make sure there was nothing inside. 她把它晃了晃，以确定里面没有东西。Check your car before you drive to make sure that you
12、r lights are working. 开车前要检查一下，灯一定都要亮。【归纳拓展】make a decision 做出决定;make a difference 起作用;有关系;make an agreement 达成协议;make an apology 道歉;make an effort 努力;make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象;make into 制成;做成;make it 及时到达;取得成功;做到;make ones way 前进;行进;make out 理解;辨认;看清楚;make progress 取得进步;make sense 有意义;讲得通;m
13、ake the best of 充分利用;make up 化装;打扮;编造;组成;make up for 补充;补偿8. carry on 继续做;坚持做【经典例句】Youll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard. 你要是继续这样拼命工作，身体会吃不消的。Rachael Carr intends to carry on teaching. 雷切尔卡尔打算继续教书。Well carry on a conversation with her tomorrow. 我们将于明天与她会谈。【归纳拓展】carry on sth. 从事某事;c
14、arry on with sth. 继续某事;carry on doing sth. 继续做某事;carry out 进行;贯彻;执行;实施;carry through 顺利实现;carry off 赢得;成功地对付;carryforward 成功地进行9. lead to 引起;导致;通向【经典例句】Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。His careless driving led to the traffic accident. 他粗心的驾驶导致了这场事故。Different opinions
15、among young people can sometimes lead to quarreling with eachother. 有时，年轻人往往因不同观点引起互相争吵。【归纳拓展】lead to 中的 to 是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。像这样的短语还有 devoteoneself to 专心于，献身于;get down to 开始认真（做某事）;give ones life to 献身于;payattention to 注意;stick to 坚持;look forward to 期盼;see to 注意（某事），照顾（某人）;upto 从事，忙于;be used to 习
16、惯于;turn to 求助于，致力于;object to 反对;refer to 提到，涉及;thanks to 幸亏;listen to 听;get close to 接近;be addicted to 沉溺于;attach. to. 认为有（重要性），连接;adapt to 适应;be accustomed to 习惯于;in addition to 除之外（还有）;when it comes to 当提到10. figure out 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白;计算出【经典例句】Theyre trying to figure out whats going on. 他们试图搞清楚发生了什么事。
17、It took him a couple of days to figure out what had happened. 他花了好几天才弄明白到底发生了什么。I cant figure out how to do this. 我弄不懂怎样做这件事。【归纳拓展】figure out 后面可接名词、代词作宾语，也可接“疑问词+ 动词不定式”或宾语从句。【短语归纳】break out （战争、灾难等）爆发;发生;bring out 使显示;出版;生产;give out 分发;公布;用完;耗尽;come out 出现;出版;结果是;make out 勉强看见、听出;理解;弄清楚;look out /
18、watch out 当心;留神;turn out 制造;生产;原来是;结果是;work out 算出;想出;制定出;锻炼;解决跟踪训练跟踪训练根据所给汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1. His working hard _ _ （导致） passing the exam.2. I come to _ _ _ _ （为道歉） keeping you waiting.3. It is interesting to watch a childs _ （心智发展）.4. The policeman _ _ _ （向他示意） to pull over.5. He _ _ _ （决定） stay for a
19、 long time.6. Her bravery has given him the will to _ _ _ （继续） his life and his work.7. We _ _ _ （用完） water， and had to buy.8. It took them about one month to _ （弄明白） how to start the equipment.9. He _ _ _ （很失望） hear the news.10. I _ _ _ _ （與争论） my parents over my marriage.1. led to2. make an apology for3. mental develop- ment4. signaled to him5. is determined to6. carry on with7. run out of8. figure out9. was disappointed to10. had an argument with
