1、UNIT 4 HISTORYAND TRADITIONSPart 3 Reading for Writing,Assessing Your Progress & Video Time课后提升练课后提升练I阅读理解Mary Anning was an English fossil (化石) collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家).Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.Mary was born into a poor family i
2、n England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside townof Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grewup. Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell tovisitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was
3、 too poor. And schools did not teachchildren about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks andhow bodies are made.In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of therock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very car
4、efully she uncovered it. She found thefirst complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙).Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil-hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after astorm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most daysMary went fossil hunting with he
5、r dog, Tray.Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wroteletters and came to see her, One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at OxfordUniversity. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.Mary Anning
6、died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwinnot long after Marys death. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.1. Why did Marys father take his children along the beach?A. To enjoy life.B. To make a living.C. To look for fossils.D. To teach them about
7、 fossils.2. What can we learn about Mary?A. Her father was a paleontologist.B. Her father educated her at home.C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all.D. She might be popular at that time.3. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaurfossil?A. Charl
8、es Darwin.B. Marys dog.C. Joseph.D. Mary.4. What does the underlined word crumble in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Break.B. Shake.C. Float.D. Dive.II七选五Everyone dreams. If youve ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, yourenot alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams si
9、nce recorded history.1Hereare some of the findings.2People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks inthe natural world, such as a log or a rock they cant get around.Youve got a heart problem. People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly morelikely
10、 to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, its moredifficult for you to breathe at night.3Youre avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or agiant tidal wave? This could indicate that youre afraid to deal with something in
11、 your daily life.4Youll have a good result in a test. Students whose performance improved were those whohad dreamed about the maze ( 迷 宫 ) during their sleep.5This improves learning andproblem-solving skills.Despite the fact that technology has vastly expanded our understanding of dreaming, much ofw
12、hat occurs when were asleep remains as it has always been: a mystery.A. How creative you are.B. Dreaming may strengthen memories.C. What kind of problem solver you are.D. What can our dreams tell about ourselves?E. How can we understand better about ourselves?F. That explains why you cannot have a s
13、ound sleep.G.Ask yourself what issue or emotion youre faced with.1._2._3._4._5._III完形填空It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of onebuilding, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few1.On their faces was confi
14、dence (自信). This was their last examthen on to2and jobs.Some talked about jobs they already had; others talked about jobs they3get. With thecertainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take4of the world. The comingexam would be a(n)5task. The professor had said they could bring6bo
15、oks or notes theywanted, requesting only that they did not7each other, during the test.8they entered the classroom. The professor handed out the papers. And smiles9on thestudents faces as they noted there were only five essay-type questions.Three hours had passed10the professor began to collect the
16、papers. The students nolonger looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spokeas the professor faced the class.He looked at the11faces before him, and then asked, How many people completed allfive questions?12a hand was raised.How many people answered four?
17、Still no hands.Three? Two? The students moved restlessly in their seats.One, then? Certainly somebody finished13. But the class remained silent.The professor put down the papers. That is exactly what I14, he said. I just want toimpress upon you that,15you have completed four years of engineering, th
18、ere are still manythings about the16you dont know. These questions you couldnt answer are relatively17in everyday practice. Then smiling, he added, You will all18this course, but remembereven though you are now college graduates, your education has just19.The years have20the name of this professor,
19、but not the lesson he taught.1.A. secondsB. minutesC. hoursD. days2.A. marriageB. discussionC. educationD. graduation3.A. wouldB. mustC. have toD. used to4.A. holdB. controlC. careD. place5.A. interestingB. necessaryC. easyD. unusual6.A. noB. eitherC. anyD. all7.A. listen toB. look afterC. refer toD
20、. talk to8.A. NervouslyB. JoyfullyC. QuicklyD. Curiously9.A. appearedB. changedC. frozeD. stopped10.A. thenB. thatC. beforeD. after11.A. pleasedB. worriedC. surprisedD. moved12.A. NotB. OnceC. NoD. Even13.A. allB. noneC. oneD. it14.A. wonderedB. enjoyedC. hatedD. expected15.A. right nowB. as thoughC
21、. now thatD. even though16.A. examB. subjectC. questionD. college17.A. valuableB. difficultC. commonD. strange18.A. passB. failC. takeD. start19.A. begunB. completedC. failedD. succeeded20.A. selectedB. rememberedC. strengthenD. weakenedIV语法填空Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? Y
22、ou will1(probable) say thatthey go to school to learn languages, mathematics, history, science and some other knowledge.That is quite true,2why do they learn these things?We send our children to school in order3(prepare) them for the time when they reallygrow up and will have to work for4(they). Nea
23、rly everything they study at school has somepractical use in their life. But is that5only reason why they go to school? There is more ineducation6just learning facts. We go to school to learn how to learn, so that when we haveleft school we can continue to learn.A man7really knows how to learn will
24、always be8(succeed), because when he hasto do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, but he will also be able toteach others how to do it in the9(good) way. The person with poor education, on the otherhand, either finds himself unable to do something new, or just10(do) it bad
25、ly. The mainpurpose of schools is not to teach those subjects, but to teach pupils the way to learn.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._参考答案参考答案I语篇解读本文为记叙文，讲述了 Mary Anning 的生平事迹。Mary 是英国化石收藏家、经销商和古生物学家，她的化石搜寻帮助改变了人们思考世界的方式。1B细节理解题。根据第二段首句 Mary was born into a poor family in England on May21， 1799 和第五、 六句
26、 Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells andstones to sell to visitors可知，Mary 家境贫寒，父亲带着孩子们沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客，以维持生计。2 D推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 四 段 首 句 Since then ， Mary became crazy aboutfossil-hunting 和第五段前三句 Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent hermoney.
27、 Scientists wrote letters and came to see her以及第五句 Mary also opened a shop to sellfossils，stones and shells等可知，自从发现了鱼龙化石，Mary 就迷上了化石，有钱的朋友帮她卖化石，科学家们写信并来看她，她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳，因此推断那时候她很受欢迎。3.C细节理解题。根据第三段首句 In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils,Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock可知，Jo
28、seph 首先看到了鱼龙化石。4 A词义猜测题。 根据第四段第二、 三、 四句 She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm.The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumbleIt was easy to spot fossils.可知，她喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石，因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂，从而使发现化石更容易。II语篇解读本文为说明文。每个人都做梦，自古以来人们都试图解梦。但梦能告诉我们什么呢？文章对此做了介绍。1.D根据上文 If youve ever tried to figure out
29、the meaning of a strange dream, youre notalone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history.可知，自古以来，人类就一直在试图解释梦的含义。 后面的内容主要叙述了梦告诉我们的东西。 分析选项可知D 项符合题意。2A根据下句 People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settingsand blocks in the natural world, such as
30、 a log or a rock they cant get around可知，有创造力的人更有可能梦见自然界中不寻常的环境和石块等。 由此推知你做梦说明你很有创造力。 故 A项符合题意。3F根据上文 People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely tosuffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, its more difficult foryou to breathe at night可知，经常
31、做噩梦的人可能更容易患上心律不齐或胸痛。如果你有那些问题，晚上呼吸会更困难，由此可见如果你有这些病的话，晚上就睡不好。故 F 项符合题意。4G根据前面的内容 Youre avoiding somethingDo you dream about being followed bya stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave? this could indicate that youre afraid to deal withsomething in your daily life可知，如果你在梦里逃避什么，或被什么跟踪的话，这可能说明你在生活中害怕处理
32、某些事情。这时就要想想你面临的问题到底是什么。分析选项可知 G项符合题意。5B根据上句 Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed aboutthe maze（迷宫）during their sleep.可知，走进迷宫的学生想出去的话就会去解决问题。根据下句 This improves learning and problem-solving skills可知，这提高了学习和解决问题的能力。由此可知，做梦有利于记忆强化。故 B 项符合题意。III.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了大学最后一次的期末考试，给同学们留
33、下深刻印象。一个教授告诉学生们一个道理：活到老，学到老。1B考查名词。在一栋楼的台阶上，一群工程学院的高年级学生聚集在一起，讨论着几分钟后开始的考试。second 秒；minute 分钟；hour 小时；day 天。2D考查名词。根据上文的 It was the last day of the final examination in a large easternuniversity.可知，他们考完试就可以毕业了。marriage 结婚；discussion 讨论；education 教育；graduation 毕业。3A考查动词。一些人在讨论他们已经找到的工作，其他人在讨论将会找到的工作。
34、would 将：must 必须；have to 不得不；used to 过去常常。4B考查固定短语。句意：经过四年的大学学习，他们感觉已经准备好了，他们能够掌控这个世界了。take hold of 抓住；take control of 控制；take care of 照顾；take place of代替。5C考查形容词。根据下文 The professor had said they could bring6books or notesthey wanted, requesting only that they did not7each other，during the test可知教授说他们
35、可以带任何书籍或者笔记去参加考试， 因此他们认为这次考试肯定是非常容易的。 interesting有趣的；necessary 必要的；easy 容易的；unusual 不寻常的。6C考查形容词。教授说他们可以带任何书籍或者笔记去参加考试。no 没有；either（两者中的）任何一个；any 任何；all 所有的。7D考查动词。教授唯一的要求就是他们不可以相互讨论。listen to 听；look after 照顾；refer to 提及；talk to 谈话。8B考查副词。根据上文可知，他们认为试卷将会很简单，所以他们很开心地进入了考场。nervously 紧张地；joyfully 开心地；q
36、uickly 快速地；curiously 好奇地。9A考查动词。根据后面的 they noted there were only five essay-type questions 可知，他们发现题目很简单， 只有五个论文类型的问题， 所以脸上露出了笑容。 appear 出现； change改变；freeze 冰冻；stop 停止。10C考查连词。根据后文可知，教授还没有收卷，所以此处意为：在老师收卷前已经过了三个小时了。11B考查形容词。根据上文的 On their faces was a frightened expression可知，他们很害怕，很担心这个考试。pleased 高兴的；w
37、orried 担忧的；surprised 惊讶的；moved 感动的。12A考查副词。根据后文 Still no hands可知没有人完成了五道题，所以没有人举手，Not a hand 相当于 No hand，故选 A。13.C考查代词。根据上文 One，then?可知，教授问的是有没有人完成了一道题。14.D考查动词。 根据后文I just want to impress upon you that， 15you have completedfour years of engineering, there are still many things about the16you dont k
38、now.可知，教授预料到会出现这种情况。wonder 好奇；enjoy 喜欢；hate 讨厌；expect 预料。15D考查连词。尽管你们完成了四年的工程学，但是关于这个课题，你们还有很多东西是不知道的。由句意可知，前后分句存在让步关系。right now 立刻；as though 好像；now that 既然；even though 即使。16B考查名词。尽管你们完成了四年的工程学，但是关于这个课题，你们还有很多东西是不知道的。exam 考试；subject 学科；question 问题；college 大学。17C考查形容词。为了给他们留下深刻的印象，教授选择的问题都是生活中常见的。val
39、uable 有价值的：difficult 困难的；common 常见的；strange 奇怪的。18A考查动词。你们都会通过这次考试，但是要记住，即使现在你们是大学毕业生了，你们的教育其实才刚刚开始。根据文章可知，教授会让学生通过考试。pass 通过；fail失败；take 拿；start 开始。19A考查动词。你们都会通过这次考试，但是要记住，即使现在你们是大学毕业生了，但是你们的教育其实才刚刚开始。begin 开始；complete 完成；fail 失败；succeed 成功。20D考查动词。岁月冲淡了这位教授的名字，但是他教授的那一课学生们永远也忘不掉。select 选择；remembe
40、r 记住；strengthen 强化；weaken 使变弱。IV.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是孩子为什么要上学。孩子上学不仅是为了学习语言、数学、历史等知识，更重要的是学会如何学习。1probably考查词性转换。修饰动词 say 要用副词，故填 probably。2.but考查连词。That is quite true 和 why do they learn these things 之间是转折关系，所以此处需要用表示转折关系的连词 but 来连接两个分句。3to prepare考查非谓语动词。in order to do sth为了做某事。4themselves考查代词。for
41、oneself 独立地，为固定用法。此句的主语是 they，此处指的是他们长大后独立地工作，所以用反身代词的复数形式 themselves。5the考查冠词。此处的 reason 指的是上面解释的原因： Nearly everything they studyat school has some practical use in their life.表示特指，其前要用定冠词 the。6than考查固定搭配。more.than.为固定搭配。句意：教育不仅仅是学习事实。7who/that考查定语从句。分析句子可知本句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 Aman，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以用 who/that。8successful考查形容词。由空前的 be 可知此处需要填形容词来构成主系表结构，故填 successful。9.best考查形容词的最高级。此处指的是用最好的方式教给其他人如何做，在所有的方法中选出最好的。根据语境可知此处应用最高级，good 的最高级是 best。10does考查谓语动词的时态。分析句子可知此处是由 either.or.连接的并列谓语，与 finds 并列，故填 does。
