1、Unit 2 Morals and VirtuesDiscovering Useful Structures1Grammar:现在分词作宾语补足语和状语Words: operation, whisper, assist, memory 2Phrases: pass away3Goals根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空。根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)They see a man _(come), _(hold) a bird cage. (2)The man may find the bird really _(annoy), who usually makes a noise. comi
2、ngholdingannoyingSelf-checkGrammar注意注意:现在分词作宾补,表示动作正在进行;而用动词原形作宾补,则表示动作的全过程。 现在分词作宾语补足语和状语现在分词作宾语补足语和状语用法归纳用法归纳现在分词作宾补,表示宾语与作宾补的动词之间是主动关系。1. 动词的宾语补足语动词的宾语补足语( 1)位于感官动词后:如 see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,listen to,look at,notice,observe 等。( 2)位于其他动词后:如 set,keep,have,get,leave,catch 等。 2. with 复合结构复合结构
3、在with 复合结构中,如果宾语发出动作,且表示动作持续或进行,则用现在分词作宾补。Grammar注意注意:在with 复合结构中,动词不定式作宾补虽然也表示宾语发出动作,但是表示动作将要发生。现在分词作状语现在分词作状语用法归纳用法归纳1. 现在分词的一般式与完成式现在分词的一般式(doing)作状语表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生;现在分词的完成式(having done)作状语表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。Grammar现在分词作状语现在分词作状语2. 现在分词的主动式(doing/having done)作状语时,表示逻辑主语和其之间是主动关系;现在分词的被动式(being done/h
4、aving been done)作状语时,表示逻辑主语和其之间是被动关系。 Grammar注意注意:现在分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。3. 现在分词作状语的功能现在分词作状语的功能现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等,相当于状语从句。(1)时间状语)时间状语 表示时间,位于句子前半部分,可与when,while 引导的时间状语从句相互转换;有时分词前加when或while 以示强调。Grammar(2)原因状语)原因状语表示原因,位于句子前半部分,可与as,since,because 引导的原因状语从句相互转换。(3)条件状语)条件状语表示条件,位于句子前半部分,可与
5、if,unless 等引导的条件状语从句相互转换。Grammar(4)让步状语)让步状语 作让步状语,相当于让步状语从句,有时现在分词(短语)前可带有连词although,even if,even though 等。( 5)结果状语)结果状语 现在分词作结果状语时表示必然的结果,通常放在句末。有时为了突出结果,现在分词前可加thus,相当于so 或so that 引导的结果状语从句。Grammar注意注意:不定式作结果状语时,常与only,never 连用,表示一种出乎意料的结果。( 6)方式或伴随状语)方式或伴随状语 动词-ing 作方式或伴随状语时,谓语动词表示动作发生的方式、背景或情况。
6、此时分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生。现在分词或分词短语作伴随状语时可以转换成并列成分。Grammar(7)评论性状语)评论性状语有些现在分词(短语)没有逻辑主语而独立存在,往往位于句首用来修饰全句,表明说话 者的态度、 观点等。如:judging from/by 由判断 considering. 考虑到supposing/providing/assuming. 如果/ 假设 generally/strictly/honestly/roughly/frankly speaking 一般/ 严格/ 诚实/ 大致/ 坦率说来Grammar(8)现在分词构成的独立主格结构)现在分词构成的独立主格结
7、构有时现在分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况,有时还可以表示时间、原因、条件或解释整个句子。例:There being no bus,we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。GrammarExercises1 Read the sentences below and discuss the function and meaning of each-ingform. Then find more examples from the unit.1 . her brother complained, th
8、inking of the high tuition tees.2 Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic3 The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.adverbialadverbialobject complementExercises2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the
9、box.feel want face smile return worry hear knock1._that his wife had been injured in an accident , Mr. Johnson hurried to the hospital .2.During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour _ about him.3. I saw her whispering something into his ear , obviously not _ to be heard.4. He
10、suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone _ at his door5._ higher import and export costs, the company is looking for ways to survive.6._ from the North Pole, the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.7. The child lay on her mothers lap, _sweetl
11、y.8._ hurt by the rejection, she bit her lip and quietly waked away.HearingworryingwantingknockingFacingReturningsmilingFeelingExercises3 Read the following story and rewrite the underlined parts using the-ing form.Works in groupWhy did Dr Bethune come to China?How did he help the Chinese people during the war?What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?operation, whisper, assist, memory , pass awaySummary现在分词作宾语补足语和状语GramamrWords预习 Unit 2-Listening and Talking.31Recite new words and phrases.2Write a composition : Dr Bethune THANKS