1、 diverse adj. 不同的，多种多样的 diversity n. 差异，不同，多样性 This is an open era, and cultural diversity makes that young people have more choices. 这是一个开放的时代。文化的多元化使得年轻人有了更多的选择。 People from diverse cultures work together in this company. 在这家公司，不同文化背景的人在一起工作。 The speakers treated the subject most diversely. 演讲者对这个
2、问题的处理极为不同。 易混辨析 They hold different political views from each other. 他们彼此的政治观点不同。 The boy is only 5 years old, but his interests are very diverse. 这个男孩才五岁，但是他的兴趣非常广泛。 He decided to support his rival for various reasons. 出于种种原因，他决定支持自己的对手。 different 不同的，不一样的不同的，不一样的强调事物之间强调事物之间的区别，侧重的区别，侧重对比，常与介对比，常与
3、介词词from连用连用 diverse各种各样的，不同的强调性质或者种类不同，测中表示区别显著 various各种各样的，各种不同的强调种类不同，通常作定语 汤姆在德国时好像不一样了。 Tom seemed _ in Germany. 有多种方法可以解决这个问题。 There are _ ways to solve this problem. 自然环境保护主义者大多致力于保护物种的多样性。 Conversationists are mostly wedded to preserving species _. different various diversity fortune n. 机会，运
4、气,财富，命运 Mr. Parker worked in a small company for two years and then he went abroad to seek his fortune. 帕克先生在一家小公司工作了两年后，然后就出国碰运气了。 He went to Japan and soon made a big fortune. 他到了日本，不久便发了财。 seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气 make a fortune 发财 try ones fortune 碰运气 I have been fortunate enough to visit many
5、part of thw world as a lecture. 我很有福气，去过世界上很多地方做演讲。 fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的（lucky） be fortunate to do/in doing 有幸做某事 fortunately adv. 幸运地（luckily） unfortunately adv. 不幸地（是） He made _(he) fortune in car sales. Central London is fortunate in _(have) so many large parks and open spaces. _(fortune) the t
6、rain was late so we did not miss it. his havingFortunately It is likely that Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 美国土著居民很可能至少在一万五千年以前搬到了加利福尼亚州。 解析 It is likely that“是可能的” It 做形式主语， that引导真正主语 It is obvious that this solution wont satisfy everyone. 很明显，这个方案不能使每一个人
7、都满意。 It is believed that one day they will have enough animals to set free. 人们相信，总有一天他们会有足够的动物来放生。 It appeared that he was calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. 他似乎很平静，可是内心却因恐惧而狂跳。 常用it做形式主语的句式 It +be+形容词+that从句 It +be+过去分词+that从句 常用的过去分词有said, reported, announced, hoped, thought,
8、 believed, expected, suggested, known等 It +be+名词+that从句 常用的名词有 a pity, an honor, a fact, a surprise, ones duty,no wonder等 It seems/appears/happens/+that 从句 看起来/好像/碰巧 admit v 承认 vt 准许进入或加入 The waiter admitted me into the hotel. 服务生让我进入宾馆。 The man admitted having stolen a collection of valuable painti
9、ngs. 这个人承认透了一批珍贵的油画。 It is admitted that nowadays peoples attitude towards the disabled has changed a lot. 不得不承认的是，现在人们对残疾人的态度已经有了很大的改变。 News came that Wang Lin had been admitted to Peking University. 传来消息说王林被北大录取了。 admit doing /having done/that 承认 admit sb to be 承认某人是 It is admitted that 人们公认 be ad
10、mitted to sp 被接纳进入；被录取到 admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 She admitted _(drive) the car without insurance. She _(admit) to Zhejiang University, which made her parents very happy. She failed to gain _(admit) to the university of her choice. having driven was admitted admission occur vi 发生；出现 The idea occurred
11、 to him in a dream. 这个主意是他在梦中想到的。 It occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child. 她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。 It occurred to him to tell the headmaster of the problem. 他想起要告诉校长那个问题。 occur to sb （想法或观念）出现在某人头脑中 It occurs to sb that 某人突然想起 It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事 Didnt it occur to yo
12、u _(phone) them about it? Didnt it occur _ you that he was lying? It never occurred to me _ I had seen her before somewhere. to phone to that This district used to be a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food. 这个地区过去式镇上的贫困地区，现在是市里的艺术、音乐和美食的中心地带。 解析 used to be “过去是”， used to d
13、o 过去常常做某事 Some people are not used to using credit cards yet. 有些人还是不习惯使用信用卡。 Coal is used to keep people warm in winter in this area. 这里的人们冬天用煤来取暖。 You used to smoke a pipe, didnt you? 你过去一向是吸烟斗的，对不对？ 辨析 be used to doing “习惯于”,to为介词 be used to do “被用来做某事”，是use sth to do sth的被动 used to do “过去常常做某事”，过
14、去时 Now people are used to _(live) a low-carbon life. Plastics can be used _(make) all kinds of things. living to make seek v. (sought-sought) 寻找；寻求；争取；（向人）请求 We must seek (for) a solution to the problem. 我们必须寻求解决问题的方法。 I am always seeking to improve my teaching method. 我一直在设法改进我的教学方法。 The boy sought
15、 advice from his teacher. 这个男孩向他的老师求教。 seek (after/for) sth 追求/寻找某物 seek to do sth 试图/设法做某事 seek sth from sb 向某人请求/寻求某物 seek out 找出；搜寻出 seek ones fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 We are always seeking _ (improve) the air quality. Your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, seeking
16、 _ your dreams. The couple have been to another city to seek _(they) fortune. to improve after/for their earn v 挣得，赚得，赢得，博得 She earned a living as a part-time accountant. 她靠做兼职会计为生。 His achievements earned respect and admiration for him. 他的成就使他收人尊敬和钦佩。 He was satisfied with his earnings as an accoun
17、tant. 他对自己会计师的收入很满意。 earn money=make money 赚钱 earn reputation 赢得名声 earn respect 博得尊敬 earn ones/a living=make ones/ a living 谋生 earnings n. 薪水，工资，收入 select vt.选择，挑选，选拔He looked through the suits and selected the cheapest one for me.他仔细地查看衣服，从中给我挑一件最便宜的。Daff was selected from the whole class to go on
18、the trip.达夫从全班同学中被选出来参加这次旅行。That store has a good selection of furniture.那家店有很多家居可供挑选。 select as 选为 select for 为而挑选 select from 从中选择 selection n.选择，挑选 make a selection 挑选 The teacher selected the cleverest child _ the leader of the class. Last week they went over their seed to make a careful _(selec
19、t). as selection 联想拓展 动词动词+ing名词名词 suffersuffering 苦难 crosscrossing 十字路口 hearhearing 听力 feelfeeling 感觉 n+prep.+n face to face 面对面 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 hand in hand 手拉手 heart to heart 心连心 side by side 肩并肩Day by day一天天Step by step一步一步Arm in arm臂挽臂 “写下，记下” set down 放下 write down put down 放下 note do
20、wn copy down 抄下 take down 记录 出于 out of ignorance 出于无知 out of pity 出于同情 out of curiosity 出于好奇 out of sympathy 出于同情 out of envy 出于羡慕/妒忌 out of respect 出于尊敬 out of control 失控失控 出于 out of ignorance 出于无知 out of pity 出于同情 out of curiosity 出于好奇 out of sympathy 出于同情 out of envy 出于羡慕/妒忌 out of respect 出于尊敬 I
21、 was so surprised that I just stood there, holding the notes in my hands. 我如此惊讶以至于我拿着钱，站在那儿。 我手中抓着钱，不知所措，只是吃惊地站在那儿。 解析 So that 如此以至于,that引导结果状语从句 sothat与suchthat,都表示“如此以至于. ”引导结果状语从句。 1 sothat so为副词，后可加形容词或副词为副词，后可加形容词或副词 so + adj/adv+that adj+a/an+单数可数名词单数可数名词+that many/few/much/little(少少)+n+that 2
22、 suchthat such为形容词，后跟名词词组为形容词，后跟名词词组(名词前名词前可不带形容词可不带形容词) such+ a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that adj+复数或不可数名词+that so和such位于句首时，主句部分应用半倒装形式。 I am a teacher. 半倒装 Am I a teacher 完全倒装 A teacher am I 一 用such、so 填空 There are _ little boys and eat _little food that we all love them very much. 二 同义句改写 It was so cold a
23、day that there was nobody in the street. 1 It was _ there was nobody in the street.(用such.that改写) 2 _ that there was nobody in the street.(用倒装改写) such so such a cold day that So cold a day was it/ Such a cold day was it claim vt&n 夺取（生命）；宣称；断言 They claimed to have discovered a cure for the disea
24、se. 他们声称一经发现了治疗此病的一种药物。 He claimed that he found the money in the forest. 他声称他是在森林中发现这些钱的。 You should be able to claim against the car insurance. 你可以要求得到汽车保险金。 If you have a claim, write to your insurers. 如果要赔偿，写信给你的保险公司。 claim to do sth 声称做某事 claim that 声称 claim oneself to be 自称是 claim against （根据）
25、有权利要求得到 claim sth back 索回，要回 have a claim 提出要求/索赔 语法填空 1 He claimed himself _(be) engineer. 2 I have _ claim on the money. 3 You can claim _ the tax on your purchases. to be a back 翻译句子 1心脏病是头号杀手，每年夺去18万条生命。 Heart disease is the biggest killer, _ 180,000 lives a year. 2 渔夫和水手有时声称看到过海里的妖怪。 Fisherman
26、and sailors sometimes _ monsters in the sea. claiming claim to have seen apart from=aside from 除了之外（还）；此外 Ive finished apart from the last question. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。 Apart from the house in London, they also have a villa in Spain. 他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。 归纳 apart/aside from 1 相当于besides，指“除之外（另外还有）”，
27、强调“另外还有” 2 相当于except for, 指“除之外（无）” If my computer stops working again, I will take it apart myself. 如果我的电脑又死机，我会亲手把它拆了。 take sth apart 将拆开 tell sth apart 分辨出某物 be torn（tear） apart 被彻底毁灭 fall apart 破裂，崩溃，断裂，散开 setapart 使与众不同 翻译句子 除了基础语法错误之外，你这篇作文写得不错。 _ a few grammatical mistakes, this composition o
28、f yours is well written. 他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。 They are so alike that its difficult to _. 然后，她的丈夫失去了工作，那项计划破灭了。 Then her husband lost his job, and the plan _.Apart from tell them apart fell apart 今日积累 总是用复数形式表达某一意义的单词 damages 损害，赔偿金 goods 货物 arms 武器 contents 内容，目录 manners 礼貌 customs 海关 不受逻辑主语限制的分词短语 jud
29、ging from/by 根据判断 talking of 谈到 coming to 论及 taking all the things into consideration 全盘考虑 allowing for 考虑到 major adj.主要的；主修的 n. 主修科目；专业；主修某专业的学生 vi. 主修 majority n. 多数，大部分 minor adj. 较小的；较少的；低级的；次要的 minority n.少数民族；少数派；少数人 minority n.少数民族；少数派；少数人 Only a small minority of the people made comments on
30、this matter. 只有一小部分人对此事进行了评论。 People who support these official statements are in the minority. 只有少数人支持这些官方声明。 a/the minority of 少数的 in the minority 占少数（做表语或定语） To our disappointment, only a minority of people _(be) in support of our plan. A majority of damage _(be) easy to repair. Most of people tu
31、rned their back to him. Only _(一小部分) the people gave them a hand. are is a monority of Escape v. n. 逃走；逃脱；避开 He was crossing the street when a man was driving fast towards him and he narrowly escaped knocking down. 他过马路时，一个男人正朝他开快车，他险些被撞倒。 I had left England to escape from my own future. 我离开英国是为了逃避自
32、己的命运。 I heard you had a very narrow escape on the bridge. 我听说你在桥上险些出事。 escape (doing) sth 逃避（做）某事 escape from 从逃脱，逃避 escape ones attention/notice 逃过某人的注意 a narrow escape 九死一生 escape (doing) sth 逃避（做）某事 escape from 从逃脱，逃避 escape ones attention/notice 逃过某人的注意 a narrow escape 九死一生 Fortunately, he escap
33、ed _ the burning house without being injured. The soldier managed to escape _ (catch). 翻译句子 他们从着火的房子里逃了出来。 They _ the burning house. from being caught escaped from Indigestion may bring about this disease. 消化不良可能引起这种病。 It was hard for him to bring up half a dozen children alone. 一个人拉扯大五六个孩子，真难为他了。 C
34、an you try to get them to bring down the price? 你能想法让他们把价格降下来吗？ You bring so many memories back to me. 你给我带来太多回忆了。 bring about 导致，引起 bring up 养育长大，抚育成人 bring sth back 使某物恢复；带回某物；使想起某事 bring down 让降下来；使倒下 bring in 引入；赚（钱）；宣判 Science has brought _ many changes in our lives. If you try to bring _ the m
35、atter again, you will be very foolish. How much do you think you could bring the price _? Children are sent out to clean shoes to bring _ extra money. about up down in poisonous adj. 有毒的，分泌毒素的 Those words are poisonous to his mind. 这些话毒害他的思想。 These mushrooms contain a deadly poison. 这些蘑菇含有剧毒。 The ex
36、plosion of the chemical plant has poisoned many local residents. 那座化学工厂的爆炸毒死了很多当地居民。 be poisonous to sb 对某让人有害/有毒 poison n. 毒物；毒药；毒素 combat poison with poison以毒攻毒 vt.毒死；毒害 poison with 用毒害/影响 This medicine is _(poison) if taken in large quantities. Someone tried to _(poisonous) our dog.poisonpoisonou
37、s Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots. 穿裙子可能比穿牛仔裤和靴子好。 解析 Wearing a dress 是动词短语做主语，用ing形式 注意：动名词短语做主语时 1 可以放在句首，谓语动词用单数，动名词短语做主语一般表示比较笼统的、一般的或习惯性的动作。 2 有时用it作形式主语，并把动名词短语后置 it is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time+doing sth 3 可有自己的逻辑主语，常见形式 逻辑主语有生命时：名词所有格（Damings）、形容词性物主
38、代词(her, his) 逻辑主语无生命时：名词普通格(the desk) 逻辑主语是数词、指示代词、不定代词时：普通格(this,that; something) Learning English well is challenging for him as he is an average student. 学好英语对他来说很有挑战性。 Its no use crying over spilt water. 覆水难收。 (spill使溢出) Toms coming late to school made the teacher very angry. 汤姆上学迟到老师很生气。 _(go)
39、to bed early and rising early is a good habit. It is no use _(tell) your trouble to a man like him. 玩这么长时间的电脑游戏是浪费时间的。 Its a waste of time _ for such a long time. 他的到来使在场的每个人感到吃惊。 _ surprised all the people at present.Going telling playing computer gamesHis coming collection n.作品集；收集物；收藏品 There was
40、a collection of books and shoes on the floor. 地板上有成堆的书和鞋。 He collected up my luggages and went away. 他收拾好行李就走了。 The squirrels tail is of considerable assistance in balancing. 松鼠的尾巴起到很大的平衡作用。 a collection of 一批物品；一群人 collect vt.收集 collect sth up 把某物收起搁置 This _(collect) is made of three parts: poems,
41、essays and short stories. She collected _ her things in a hurry and ran out of the house. 大厅里展出了一批照片。 _ photographs was on display in the hall. collection up A collection of 日积月累 旅行 voyage 航行，航海 tour （观光）旅行 travel 旅行 trip （短途）旅行；外出 journey （长途）旅行 outing 远足 因为，由于 because of due to owing to thanks to
42、as a result of on account of “动词+for”“动身去” leave for head for make for start for set out/off for percentage n. 百分率，百分比 What was the percentage of each main transaction? 每一个主交易所占的比例是多少？ The results were analysed in percentage terms. 结果是按照百分比分析的。 There is no percentage in worrying. 担心也没用。 I agreed wit
43、h you one hundred percent. 我百分百同意你的看法。 percentage of 的百分比 high/low/small percentage 比例很高/很低 in percentage terms 按百分比来看 there is no percentage in doing sth 做某事没有好处 percent n. 百分比；百分率；百分数 adj. 百分之的； adv. 以百分之的 one hundred percent 百分之百 The climate is mild all year round , meaning it is always a good ti
44、me to visit. 这里一年四季气候温和，意味着一直都有适合旅行的好时间。 to visit 动词不定式短语作time的定语 Our school is not the first to reject smoking in school. 我们学校不是第一个反对在学校吸烟的学校。 I dont think he is the best man to do the job. 我想他不是这个工作的最佳人选。 He is the only person to know the truth. 他是唯一了解真相的人。 I have no courage to try it again after
45、failure. 失败后我没有勇气再去尝试一下。 英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况 1 被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被他们修饰时 2 不定代词something, nothing, little等后常用不定式作定语 3 抽象名词time, way, reason, chance, ability ,courage, opportunity, wish 等后常用动词不定式作定语 4 被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next 等词对其进行修饰时 It was reported that he was the first _ (give) a class in spa
46、ce. The next train _(arrive) is from Washington.to arrive to give settle v. 定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠纷） He has determined to settle down in the countryside. 他决定在农村安家落户。 We settled down to a discussion of English grammer. 我们坐下来讨论了英语语法问题。 How are the kids settling into their new school？ 孩子们在新学校习惯了吗？ They agreed
47、to try to settle their dispute by negotiation. 他们同意通过谈判来努力解决纠纷。 settle down 定居下来，过安定的生活；安静下来 settle down to sth 开始认真对待；下定决心做 settle in/into sth 安顿下来；习惯于（新居、新工作等） _ settle a problem/ an argument/ a dispute/ a matter解决问题/争论/争端/事情 settle the difference 解决分歧 _ settlement n. 解决；定居点 I hate all this travel
48、. I want to get married and settle _. I really must settle down _ some serious work. As is well known, China has always advocated peaceful _(settle) of international disputes中国一直提倡和平解决国际争端. . down to settlement fore- 前缀表示“预见的；前部的” forecast foresee foretell forehead foreword foresight N&v 预测；预报 v 预见；预知 v 预言；预测 n 前额 n 前言；序 n 先见之明；远见 表示“态度”的单词 negative positive 消极的，否定的积极的，肯定的 optimisticpessimistic 乐观的悲观的 mildtough 温和的强硬的 partialneutral 偏袒的中立的 sympatheticindifferent 同情的漠不关心的 “动词+for”“动身去” leave for head for make for start for set out/off for
