1、UNIT 4SPACE EXPLORATIONListening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking基础知识过关.单词拼写1.The(人造卫星) are used for sending and receiving messages.2.Everything falls towards the centre of the earth because of(重力).3.The chairman is quite familiar with the(步骤) for conducting a meeting.4.The earth is nothing but a
2、very small planet in the endless(宇宙).5.If I have seen further, it is by standing upon the shoulders of(巨人).6.The painful experience has affected both her mand her physical health.7.Three aare to complete a three-month mission on the new space stationcalled Tianhe.选词填空in the hope of;on board;carry on
3、1.The peoplethe train have all shown their health code.2.Mrs. Smith then sent me an e-mail,getting further information.3.When you have difficulties in your life,remember to keep calmand,and you will succeed in the end.单句语法填空1.A childs(intelligent) develops rapidly between the ages of four andfive.2.
4、When things go wrong, all of us naturally feel(disappoint) andfrustrated.3.It is generally believed that the new virus speeded the(transmit) of thedisease.4.After failing the examination, he determined(work) hard and catch upwith others.5.I really desire(get) a good education that will give me chanc
5、es to realizemy dream.6.As we have learned in the history class, the country gained(independent)after a long struggle.课文语法填空Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answers. They make1(vehicle) to carry bravepeople into space to fi
6、nd out the secrets of the universe.On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite2(launch)by the USSR andsuccessfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on3(send)people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in theworld4(go)into space. Over eight years lat
7、er, on 20 July 1969, Americanastronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon.Chinas space programme started later than those of Russia and the US,5ithas made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the worldto6(independent) send humans into space in 2003,7Yang Liweisuccessfu
8、lly orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk,8(follow)bythe vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. After that, Chinalaunched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock wi
9、th it. Thissignalled one step9(far) in Chinas plan to establish a space station10thefuture. More recently, China has sent Change 4 to explore the surface of the far sideof the moon to make measurements and observations.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.能力提升训练.阅读理解A(2021 北京昌平区高一月考)Space Hotel Promises Guests A Tr
10、ulyOut-Of-This-World VacationLooking for a truly out-of-this-world vacation? Then you are in luck! OnThursday, April 5, Texas-based start-up Orion Span announced they were takingreservations for Aurora Station, the worlds first luxury hotel in space, which isexpected to be launched in 2021 and begin
11、 welcoming visitors by 2022.The pill-shaped space station, which began construction in 2019, will measure43.5 feet long and 14.1 feet wideabout the size of a large private jets cabinwhencompleted. It will accommodate four guests in two private suites (套房) and two crewmembers, most likely former astr
12、onauts. Flying about 200 miles above the Earth,Aurora Station will circle the planet once every 90 minutes, enabling guests to enjoy16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scores of the breathtakingnorthern and southern auroras(极光) that the hotel is named after.While admiring the beaut
13、y of our planet, tourists can eat non-astronaut food anddrinks or entertain themselves with playing cards. Those hoping to do somethingmore worthwhile will be able to engage in astronaut-like experiments such as growingfood in a special environment. The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy for
14、guests to share their experiences with friends and family members on the Earth. At theend of the vacation, returning guests will be treated to a special “heros welcome”,similar to the one experienced by astronauts returning from a real mission.Before the once-in-a-lifetime trip, guests will have to
15、undergo thethree-month-long special training learning how to move in a weightless environment,along with the basics of spaceflight and orbital mechanics. Also, before you startpacking your bags, you will have to pay $9.5 million for the 12-day round-tripvacation.While several companies are planning
16、to build hotels in space, Orion Span hopesto transform sections of used rockets floating in space into hotel rooms, instead ofcrowding the already messy skies with additional man-made objects.1.What can be learned about Aurora Station?A.People can visit it now.B.Its construction will last for about
17、5 years.C.It can only hold four people in this station.D.It looks like a pill with the size of a small plane.2.Why is the hotel named Aurora Station?A.Because the hotel is lit up by the auroras of the Earth.B.Because the hotel will give off auroras while travelling.C.Because guests can enjoy fantast
18、ic auroras of the Earth.D.Because the hotel will run around the auroras of the Earth.3.What can guests do in the space hotel?A.Communicate with their family.B.Enjoy astronaut food and drinks.C.Cook meals like they do at home.D.Receive welcome as a real hero.4.What can be inferred from the last parag
19、raph?A.There is little room for people to live on the Earth.B.Too many spacecraft have aroused peoples concern.C.Space hotels will be necessary in the near future.D.Used rockets floating in space are easy to recycle.BChina has become the first country to successfully land a spacecraft on the farside
20、 of the moon. The Change 4 probe (探测器) has also made the first moon landingsince 1972.It has the task of exploring the side of the moon that never faces the Earth.The dark side of the moon is older and has a thicker surface than the visible side. Ittakes the moon as long to go around on its own axis
21、 (轴) as it does for one completeorbit around the Earth.The Chinese probe landed in a huge crater(坑) 2,500 km in diameter and 13 kmin depth. The crater is one of the oldest parts of the moon and our solar system.Scientists hope to learn more about the geology of the far side of the moon. Thecraft has
22、 two cameras on board which will send images back to the Earth. It will alsotry to send signals to distant regions of space, something that cannot happen on theEarth because of too much radio noise.Change 4 also has instruments on board to examine minerals as well as acontainer with seeds which will
23、 try to create a miniature (微型的) biosphere (生物圈).Communication with the spacecraft is not easy. Images and other data must betransmitted to a separate satellite because no direct communication with the Earth ispossible.For China the Change 4 mission is an important achievement, because thecountry ha
24、s successfully done something no other nation on the Earth has done. Itwants to become a leading power in space exploration and has announced plans tosend astronauts to the moon and set up its own space station.5.Where did the Change 4 probe land?A.On the side of the moon facing the Earth.B.On the i
25、nvisible side of the moon.C.In a younger crater on the moon.D.In a previous space station.6.What can we learn from the text?A.The dark side of the moon is as cold as the other side.B.The bright side is younger and thinner than the other side.C.Other places in space may hardly receive signals from th
26、e craft.D.The two cameras on the craft can send pictures to the Earth easily.7.According to the text, what will China do in the future?A.Land manned spacecraft on the moon.B.Build another space station on the moon.C.Launch more space probes to the moon.D.Become the first country to explore space.七选五
27、(2021 广东广州执信、广雅、二中、六中四校高一下联考)The universe has never failed to catch the mankinds attention. The ancienthumans came up with stories to explain the presence of the sun and other planets. Astime went by, humans set their sights on exploring the vastness of space. In 1969,astronaut Neil Armstrong became
28、 the first person to walk on the moons surface.1It allows people to know more about the universe.Undoubtedly, space exploration has answered the question of whether the earthis round or not and proved the earth does circle around the sun and not the other wayaround.2It gives people a deeper understa
29、nding about the universe and providesthem with more information about the world they live in.It paves the way to advanced technology.Scientists are always developing new technology for space programs, but thegood news is that these new innovations(新事物) arent just useful to astronauts andfor space pr
30、ograms.3In fact they have already led to the development ofmodern products and devices that many people use, for example, the breast cancer testimaging.4Space exploration doesnt just involve scientists and astronauts; it also requiresthe skills and labor of many engineers, research assistants, techn
31、icians, mechanics,and other professionals. If space exploration were stopped today, these people wouldbecome jobless, and they wouldnt have the means to support themselves and theirfamilies.It can offer solutions to many problems.Aside from collecting information about outer space, many space explor
32、ationprograms are used to solve some of the problems of our modern society. Someprograms, for example, help scientists learn more about the earths atmosphere andknow how to better predict weather and natural disasters.5This may be thesolution to the earths growing population.Space exploration is one
33、 of the biggest achievements of humans as a whole, andit has paved the way to greater scientific understanding and technologicaladvancement over the years. I can see no reason why we should stop our exploration.A.It creates many jobs.B.But it does much more than that.C.It was a big step in space exp
34、loration.D.They can also be used in other industries.E.They also help scientists know more about the earth.F.Others focus on looking for planets that can support human life.G.Since then, space exploration has been going on and brought many benefits.1.2.3.4.5.参考答案与解析参考答案与解析基础知识过关.1.satellites2.gravit
35、y3.procedure4.universe5.giants6.mental7.astronauts.1.on board2.in the hope of3.carry on.1.intelligence考查名词。句意:儿童的智力在四到五岁之间发展迅速。根据空前面的名词所有格可知此处需要用名词作主语,intelligence 为不可数名词。2.disappointed考查形容词。句意:出问题时,我们大家自然都感到失望和沮丧。所填词与 frustrated 并列,都是表示主语的自身感受的词语,因此应该填disappointed。3.transmission考查名词。句意:人们普遍认为这种新型病毒
36、加速了疾病的传播。由设空处前面的 the 和后面的 of 可知此处应用名词 transmission。4.to work考查动词不定式。句意:考试不及格后,他决心努力学习,赶上别人。determine to do sth.决心做某事。故填 to work。5.to get考查动词不定式。句意:我的确渴望得到会给我机会实现我的梦想的良好教育。desire 后接不定式作宾语。desire to do sth.渴望做某事。故填 to get。6.independence考查名词。句意:正如我们在历史课上学到的,这个国家经过长期斗争获得了独立。设空处作动词 gained 的宾语,因此用名词形式。.1.
37、vehicles考查名词单复数。 vehicle 是可数名词,空前没有限定词,此处需要用复数形式。2.was launched考查动词的语态和时态。句子主语与 launch 之间是被动关系,因此应该用被动语态,再根据 On 4 October 1957 可知,应该用一般过去时。故填 waslaunched。3.sending考查动名词。focus on doing sth.集中(精力、注意力等)做某事,因此应该用动名词形式。4.to go考查动词不定式。根据前面的中心词 person 被序数词修饰可知,此处需要用不定式作后置定语。5.but考查连词。空前面说中国的太空计划起步晚,空后面说其进步
38、很大,因此填but 表转折关系。6.independently考查副词。设空处修饰动词,因此应该用副词作状语。7.when考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,逗号前面的 2003 是先行词,从句缺少时间状语,因此用 when 引导非限制性定语从句。8.followed考查过去分词。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词,此处需要用非谓语动词,follow与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系,且根据后面的介词by的提示可知设空处应该用过去分词形式。9.further考查比较级。此处指又迈进了一步,因此用 far 的比较级形式 further。10.in考查介词。in the future 在
39、未来。能力提升训练.A语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。总部位于得克萨斯州的 Orion Span 公司宣布,他们正在为世界上第一家太空豪华酒店 Aurora Station 做准备,预计它将于 2021年发射进入太空,2022 年开始接待游客。太空旅馆预示着客人可以真正意义上进行一次出世之旅。1.D细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“The pill-shaped space station.about the size ofa large private jets cabinwhen completed.”可知,Aurora Station 的形状是药丸状的,大约相当于一架大型私人喷气机的座舱大小。因
40、此 Aurora Station 看起来像是一颗小型飞机大小的药丸。故选 D。本题的 A、B 项比较容易排除,注意 C 项的排除,由文中第二段中的 It will accommodate four guests in two private suites (套房)and two crew members 可知它可以容纳 6 个人,不要忽略了后面的 two crewmembers。2.C推理判断题。 根据第二段中的“enabling guests to enjoy 16 spectacular sunrisesand sunsets daily, as well as scores of the
41、 breathtaking northern and southern aurorasthat the hotel is named after”可知,客人每天都能欣赏 16 次壮观的日出和日落,以及很多次令人惊叹的南北极光,酒店就是以这些极光来命名的。故选 C。文中并没有说酒店是被这些极光点亮的,更没有说酒店会发出极光,A、B 项容易排除;第二段中说到 Aurora Station will circle the planet,即环绕地球,而不是环绕地球的极光,排除 D 项。3.A细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it
42、 easyfor guests to share their experiences with friends and family members on the Earth.”可知,有 Wi-Fi 的航天器将使游客很容易与地球上的朋友和家人分享他们的经历。因此在太空旅馆的客人能与他们的家人沟通。故选 A。像真正的英雄一样受到欢迎是发生在返回地球时的事情,而不是在太空旅馆中能做的事情,故排除 D 项。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Orion Span hopes to transform sections ofused rockets floating in space into hot
43、el rooms, instead of crowding the already messyskies with additional man-made objects”可知,Orion Span 希望将漂浮在太空中的废旧火箭的部件改造成酒店客房,而不是用额外的人造物品挤占已经凌乱的天空。因此从最后一段可以推断出,太多的航天器已经引起了人们的担忧。故选 B。B语篇解读本文为说明文。随着嫦娥四号成功降落在月球背面,中国成为第一个在月球背面成功着陆航天器的国家。5.B细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“It has the task of exploring the side of themoon t
44、hat never faces the Earth.”可知,嫦娥四号在月球背面即人们无法看到的那一面着陆,故 B 项正确。6.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The dark side of the moon is older and has athicker surface than the visible side.” 可知,月球的暗面比能看到的(即亮的)那一面古老,表面要厚些,也就是说亮的那一面比另一面(暗的一面)要年轻些,表面要薄一些。故选 B。文中并没有说到月球两面的温度差异问题,故排除 A 项;由文章第三段最后两句可知太空中的遥远的地方收到来自这个航天器的信号是可能的,相比之下接收到
45、来自地球的信号是不可能的,排除C 项;由文章第五段内容可知图像和其他数据必须传送到另一颗卫星,因为不可能与地球直接通信,D 项描述有误。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It wants to become a leading power inspace exploration and has announced plans to send astronauts to the moon and set upits own space station.”可知,中国已宣布将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站计划,这意味中国将使载人宇宙飞船登陆月球。故 A 项正确。.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文
46、章介绍了人类在太空探索中取得的成就和探索太空对人类社会的益处。1.G根据前文 As time went by, humans set their sights on exploring the vastness ofspace. In 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on themoons surface.(随着时间的流逝,人类决心探索浩瀚的太空。1969 年,宇航员尼尔阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球表面行走的人。)以及后文的几个小标题可知,此处承上启下,说明“从那以后,太空探索一直在进行,并带来了很多好
47、处”。 故 G 项符合语境。2.B根据后文 lt gives people a deeper understanding about the universe andprovides them with more information about the world they live in.(它让人们对宇宙有了更深的了解,并为他们提供了更多关于他们生活的世界的信息。 )可知,太空探索为人类做的不止设空处前面所提到的那些内容,它做的远不止那些。故 B 项符合语境。3.D根据前文 but the good news is that these new innovations (新事物) are
48、nt justuseful to astronauts and for space programs(但好消息是,这些新事物不只是对宇航员和太空计划有用)以及后文的关键信息 modern products and devices 和 breastcancer test imaging 可知,它也会应用于其他行业。故 D 项符合语境。4.A该空是本段的小标题。该段主要讲的是太空探索不仅包含科学家和宇航员这样的职位,还需要工程师、研究助理、技师等其他职位,如果太空探索停止,这些人将失业。所以太空探索创造了许多工作岗位。故 A 项符合语境。5.F根据后文 This may be the solution to the earths growing population.(这可能是对地球人口不断增长的解决方案。)可知,此处应该谈到寻找能够支持人类生命的行星。故 F 项符合语境。
