1、Book3 Unit2Morals and virtuesWords and Expressions(3)1.operation n.手术;企业;经营operate vi.运转;动手术;起作用operator n.经营者;操作员e.g.1)What skills are needed to _ this machinery? 2)We will have to _ on his eyes.3)The system has been in _ for six months.4) The _ will put you through.operateoperateoperationoperator2
2、.whisper2.whisper v. 耳语；私语；密谈。耳语；私语；密谈。inawhisper(inwhispers)耳语地，小声地whispertosb./whispersth.tosb.对某人小声说Itis/waswhisperedthat传闻说whispersth.inonesear在某人耳旁小声说e.g.(1)Shesaidinawhisper(inwhispers),soIdidnthear.(2)Mumwhisperedtous,“bequiet,yourlittlesisterissleeping.”(3)Hewhisperedthenewstohiswife.(4)Itwa
3、swhisperedthatthemayor(市长)waskilled.他对她耳语，以避免让别人听到。他对她耳语，以避免让别人听到。 He whispered to her so that no one else would hear.她小声对我说她觉得很害怕。她小声对我说她觉得很害怕。She whispered to me that she felt very afraid.传闻说他身患癌症。传闻说他身患癌症。It is whispered that he has cancer.3. midnight n.午夜;子夜e.g.The bus service stops at midnight.
4、 公共汽车午夜停止服务。It is close on midnight. 时近午夜。If youre not in by midnight, therell be trouble. 你要是半夜前不回家，我就让你有好戏看。4. export vt.& vi.输出；出口import vt.& vi.(反义词)输入；进口1)90% of the engines are exported to Europe.90%的发动机都出口到欧洲。2)Then the fruit is packaged for export .然后水果便包装出口。3)Cheap imported goods are floodi
5、ng the market. 廉价进口商品充斥着市场。4)Japan will have to do a deal with America on rice imports 日本将不得不与美国就大米的进口达成一笔交易。5.assist .vt.(1).assist sb.within sth. .帮助某人某事帮助某人某事(2).assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事(3).assist (sb.) in doing sth. .帮助（某人）做某帮助（某人）做某事事帮助；援助帮助；援助即即学即用学即用好好词典会帮你理解英文。词典会帮你理解英文。1.A good di
6、ctionary will _ yourEnglish. assist you withinassistance n.帮助；援助帮助；援助assistant n.助手，助理助手，助理2. 他他正在配合警方的询问。正在配合警方的询问。3. After school, I often assist the monitor_ close the windows as well as the lights in the classroom. Besides, I sometimes assist her _ her maths. Of course, she is also a kind girl w
7、ho often offers _ (assist) to us. Whenever someone is in trouble, she is always ready to come to his or her _ (assist).He is assisting the police in/with their enquiries.towithassistanceassistance n. 6.aidwith the aid/help of sb.在某人的帮助下在某人的帮助下in aid of用以援助用以援助do/give offer/perform/carry out first ai
8、d进行急救进行急救vt. aid aid sb.in (doing) sth.在某方面帮助某人在某方面帮助某人aid sb.with sth. 以某事物帮助某人以某事物帮助某人aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事介词填空_the governments aid，those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.Nobody came_her aid when she was in trouble.They aided the poor country_money.Withtowith
9、(1)assist 强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮助起第二位或从属的作用。The nurse assisted the doctor in the operating room. 护士在手术室帮助医生。(2)aid为正式用词，主要指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，侧重强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。I aided her to continue her research.我帮助她继续她的研究。(3)help最普通用词，含义广泛。指一般性的或迫切需要的帮助，侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。She might be able to help us.她有可能帮我们的忙。 assis
10、t/aid/help 7. pass away的意思是：去世，死(委婉说法)Im sorry to hear that your father passed away last night.听到令尊昨晚去世的消息很难受。As they passby, a piteous wailing is heard.他们经过时，响起了令人哀怜的恸哭。This ring has been passed on in my family from mother to daughter.在我家里,这个戒指是妈妈留给女儿的。【短语】pass by通过, 从旁边经过pass down 传下来, 流传, 使世代相传pa
11、ss on (to sb. )转交给(某人), 传给(某人)pass through 穿过, 越过用适当的介词或副词填空(1)Shes terribly upset because her father passed _ last week. (2)The weaving art, is one of the Chinese native arts passed _ by craftsmen from one generation to the next. awaydown8.memory n.记忆力;回忆memorise vt.记住;背熟 in memory of为纪念完成句子他创办那项慈善
12、事业以纪念他的妻子。He founded the charity . _.in memory of his wife补全下列“in+n. +of”短语in _ of 为了.表示敬意in _ of 负责in _ of 希望in _ of 代替in _ of 支持in _ of 寻找in _ of 万一in_of 赞扬honourchargehopeplacefavoursearchcasepraise in _of 庆祝 in _of需要 in _of 拥有 in _of 支持 in _ of 根据;按照;在方面celebrationneedpossessionsupporttermsIn ca
13、se ofIn terms ofin celebration ofin praise of9. waitress n.(餐馆的) 女服务员;女侍者wait vi.等待waiter n.服务员;侍者wait v.等;等待;等候;n.等候;等待;等待的时间await v.等候;等待;期待;将发生在， 将降临到(某人头上 10.disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n伪装；化装用具in disguise 伪装，化装 disguise oneself as 装扮成 the despair of sb. 令某人毫无办法 despair of sth. 对感到绝望或丧失信心单句语法填空1)He wen
14、t among the drug dealers_disguise.2)He disguises himself _ a soldier. 3)Trying to keep this garden in order is _ my life. inasthe despair ofpill n. 药丸；药片药丸；药片11.spill vi. 溢出；洒落溢出；洒落vt. 使溢出；使洒落使溢出；使洒落Water had spilled out of the bucket onto the floor.桶里的水洒出来了，洒了一地。He startled her and made her spill h
15、er drink.她让他吓了一跳，把饮料弄洒了。The doors opened and people spilled into the street.门开了，人们涌上街道。12.trip over 被绊倒【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】 trip up绊倒；跌倒；绊倒；跌倒；(使使)犯错误犯错误 trip over these roots 被那些树根绊倒被那些树根绊倒 trip and fall 绊倒绊倒单句语法填空/完成句子The hard math problem tripped _most of the students.I was so unlucky today.I tripped_a s
16、tone.He started running to catch the bus but _a stone and _.他开始跑着赶公交车，但被一块石头绊倒了。upovertripped overfell down13. tear v.撕碎;扯破;戳破;撕开，拔掉;扯掉 过去式: tore； 过去分词：torn； n.破洞;裂口;裂缝 n.眼泪;泪珠;泪水in tears意为“流着泪”e.g.My wife burst into tears when she heard the bad news.She left the room in tears. Take the book from Al
17、ice, she will tear it.The city will tear down the building and create a park.14. despair n.绝望v.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心e.g.Dont despair! Well think of a way out of this. 别灰心！我们会找到出路的。He gave up the struggle in despair. 他绝望地放弃了斗争。in despair处于绝望中15. _ n.& vt. 损害；危害损害；危害_ adj. 有害的有害的_ adj. 无害的无害的(1) Pollution can
18、_ wildlife. (2) Fruit juices can be _ to childrens teeth.(3) The bacteria are _ to humans. harmharmfulharmless/ harmfulharmharmfulharmless do harm to sb. / sth. = do sb harm = be harmful to sb = harm sb 弊大于利弊大于利 do more than 无恶意无恶意 mean 没有收到伤害没有收到伤害 come to no harmharmgoodno harm【短语】 There is no har
19、m in (sbs) doing sth It does no harm (for sb) to do sth 做某事是个好主意做某事是个好主意( (或没有坏处或没有坏处) )。如：他可能会拒绝，但问一问也无妨。如：他可能会拒绝，但问一问也无妨。 He may say no, but theres no harm in asking. It does no harm to ask.【典例填充】吸烟有害健康。Smoking_ _ _your health.Smoking _your health.=Smoking_ _ _ your health.is harmful toharmsdoes h
20、arm towound，hurt和injure1.hurt指“使人的肉体受伤而疼痛”，或“伤了人的自尊心或感情”。*XiaoLihurtherselfwhenshefelldownthestairs.*Thatllhurtherfeeling.hurt常用作不及物动词,表示“痛”的意思。*Mylegstillhurts.hurt的过去分词只作表语，不用作定语。hurt可以表示精神上的肉体上的“创伤”。2.wound主要用于肉体上的“创伤”，一般指严重的外伤，主要指在战场上受枪弹伤害。作为及物动词，它的宾语是整个人，而不是受伤的部位。*Hegotwoundedinaction.*Thebulle
21、twoundedhimintheshoulder.注：woundadj.受伤的;woundedn.全部伤员。*Thewoundedwereremoved.3.injure一般指由于意外或事故造成损伤。它常暗示受伤部位的功能受到影响，而hurt的结果不一定机能的发挥。*Tominjuredhisleginaskatingaccident.4. harm：harm常指肉体或精神受到“损伤”，也可指某事物受到“损害”或“损失”，带来烦恼及不便。Their criticisms _him deeply.Smoking will _his health.He was slightly _in the c
22、ar accident.He got _in the fighting.My leg still _.have hurt harminjuredwoundedhurtPractices: hurt/harm/injure/wound语法转换Being exposed to violence is harmful to a childs growth.Being exposed to violence _ a childs growth.does harm to16.bite 叮叮;咬咬;刺痛刺痛 (bit,bitten)He bites the dog who takes away his f
23、ood for revenge.为了报仇，他咬了抢走他食物的那只狗。为了报仇，他咬了抢走他食物的那只狗。17. a great deal (of)许多；大量a great/good deal，用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词，用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。a great deal用作名词短语时，意为用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多大量，许多”作主语或者宾作主语或者宾语。语。a great/good deal of 许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。完成句子I
24、 also had friends who gave me_encouragement我还有些朋友给了我很多鼓励。A great deal _(do) internally to save the situation.已经做了很多内部工作对这种情形进行补救。a great deal of has been doneconsolidation单词拼写1. The invitation says that everyone should wear a disguise(伪装). 2. When accidents(事故) occur, we should calm down and turn to
25、 teachers or parents for help. 3. Chinese subway trains are now exported(出口) to developed countries including the United States. 4. A sense of humor can also help to ease the tension(紧张)between people. 5. Ive learned English for more than eight years and I am familiar with computer operation(操作). 6.
26、 American students have a more flexible(灵活的) schedule to do part-time jobs. 7. My name is Li Hua, chairman(主席) of the Students Union of Chenxing Middle School. 8. Therefore(因此), Id like to be your guide and show you around our city. 9. I study from morning until midnight(午夜), taking many practice ex
27、ams. 10. Compared with the Internet, it does little harm(伤害) to our body, especially our eyes. 选词填空in memory of; first aid; in tears; in disguise; pass away; trip over; a great deal; in a whisper; at midnight; do great harm to1. I received a message from my parents that my beloved grandpa had passed
28、 away. 2. On the other hand, we can learn a great deal from other students we meet in activities. 3. A parade will be held in our city in memory of the great day. 4. It is recognised that smoking does great harm to our health. in memory of; first aid; in tears; in disguise; pass away; trip over; a g
29、reat deal; in a whisper; at midnight; do great harm to5. The old man tripped over a stone lying on the street. 6. The knowledge of first aid is a necessity, which can save someones life. 7. The girl ran away in tears, scolded by his father. 8. Some students are still doing their homework at midnight. 9. The thief was caught stealing by a policeman in disguise. 10. The two students were talking to each in a whisper when I came into the room. Thank you!
