1、普通高中教科书普通高中教科书 英语英语English选择性必修选择性必修Unit Unit 3 3 Environmental Environmental protectionprotectionDiscovering Useful Structures Direct Speech&Indirect SpeechExploration andExploration and Summarize the structure Summarize the structure 1、The expert said,“From the position of its dead body, the bear
2、appeared to have starved and died.”2、The reporter asked ,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?” 3、The reporter asked ,“How can we save polar bears from extinction?”4、“Lets work together to stop climate change,”The expert said. 1.The expert said,“From the position of its dead body, the
3、 bear appeared to have starved and died.”(Direct speech)2.The reporter asked ,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”(Direct speech)1、The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.(Indirect speech)2、The reporter asked whether polar
4、bears would die out because of climate change. (Indirect speech)Exploration and Summarize the structure 3、The reporter asked ,“How can we save polar bears from extinction?”(Direct speech)4、The reporter asked ,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”(Direct speech)3、The reporter asked wh
5、ether polar bears would die out because of climate change.(Indirect speech)4、The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change (Indirect speech)Exploration and Summarize the structure 1、The expert said,“From the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.”(Dire
6、ct speech)2、The reporter asked ,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”(Direct speech)The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. (Indirect speech)The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change. (I
7、ndirect speech)3The reporter asked ,“How can we save polar bears from extinction?”(Direct speech)4、“Lets work together to stop climate change,”The expert said. (Direct speech)The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change. (Indirect speech)The expert advised us to wor
8、k together to stop climate change. (Indirect speech)T The difference between direct he difference between direct speech and indirect speech.speech and indirect speech.1). To report what exactly has been said2). The words usually appear in quotation marks1).To report what has been said without using
9、the exact words2).No quotation marks1.Change personal pronouns，(一主、二宾、三不变”即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。)2.直接引语中的时态转换规则：直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时 1.直接引语中的时间状语转换规则： 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语nowthenyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next/following d
10、aylast week/yearthe week/year beforethis week/yearthat week/yeara week/year agoa week/year before注意：如果在当天转述，时间状语不必改变。3.直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：this thatthese those4.直接引语中地点状语here在间接引语中用there。注意事项：1.直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中，that可以省略。He saidHe said，“I was cooking when the earthquake happened.I was
11、 cooking when the earthquake happened.”He said (that) he was cooking when the earthquake happened.He said (that) he was cooking when the earthquake happened. 2.直接引语是客观事实、真理、规律等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。The teacher told his students, The teacher told his students, “The earth The earth goesgoes round the sun. rou
12、nd the sun. ”The teacher told his students that the earth The teacher told his students that the earth goesgoes round the sun. round the sun.注意事项：3.直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(.or .或.or not)或if引导。He said，“Are you interested in English？”He asked (me) if/whether I was interested in English.注
13、意：如果主句中谓语动词是said，则将其改为asked。注意事项：4.直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。“Whats your name？” he asked me.He asked me what my name was.注意：疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变成陈述语序。)Exercises:Here are some statements and questions by children Exercises:Here are some statements and questions by ch
14、ildren who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.and then change the sentences into indirect speech.1、Diane asked,“What made Hurricane Katrina unusual?”2、Diane a
15、sked,“Was it the worst natural disaster in American history?”3、Martha said,“I want to become a scientist and help the world.”4、Martha said,“I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.”5、Bob asked,“Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic ?”6、Bob asked,“Could you explain how the n
16、uclear disaster happened?”7、Laura asked,“How many animals have disappeared because of human hunting ?”8、Laura asked,“What can we do to help wild animals?”9、Vincent said,“I have never been to the Amazon Jungle.”10、Vincent said,“Will scientists discover new species there?”Exercises:Here are some state
17、ments and questions by children Exercises:Here are some statements and questions by children who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.and then change the senten
18、ces into indirect speech.1、Diane asked,“What made Hurricane Katrina unusual?”2、Diane asked,“Was it the worst natural disaster in American history?”3、Martha said,“I want to become a scientist and help the world.”4、Martha said,“I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.”5、Bob as
19、ked,“Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic ?”Diane asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.Diane asked (me) if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.Martha said/told t me ( that) she wanted to become become a scientist and help the world.Martha said/told me (that)
20、 she was doing a project.on behalf of my school about global warming.Bob asked why nuclear power was a sensitive topic.Exercises:Here are some statements and questions by children Exercises:Here are some statements and questions by children who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talki
21、ng to who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.and then change the sentences into indirect speech.6、Bob asked,“Could you explain how the nuclear disaster happened?”7、Laura asked,“How many animals have disappeared because of h
22、uman hunting ?”8、Laura asked,“What can we do to help wild animals?”9、Vincent said,“I have never been to the Amazon Jungle.”10、Vincent said,“Will scientists discover new species there?”Bob asked (me) if/whether they could explain how the nuclear disaster had happened.Laura asked me how many animals h
23、ad disappeared because of human hunting.Laura asked what we could do to help wild animals.Vincent said/told me that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.Vincent said if/whether scientists would discover new species there.Speaking and cooperating:Work in groups. Do a survey on what your Speaking an
24、d cooperating:Work in groups. Do a survey on what your group members are doing to help the environment and what else they group members are doing to help the environment and what else they can do. Then report to the class.can do. Then report to the class.Michelle : I always use my cloth bag when I g
25、o shopping, rather than use plastic bags.Jack: I often walk or ride a bike instead of taking a taxi.Sally: Dont print out documents unless really necessary.Joe: Would it be best to share books with others.Speaking and cooperating:Work in groups. Do a survey on what your Speaking and cooperating:Work
26、 in groups. Do a survey on what your group members are doing to help the environment and what else they group members are doing to help the environment and what else they can do. Then report to the class.can do. Then report to the class.I asked my group members what they did to limit the amount of carbon dioxide produced in their daily lives. Michelle told me that she always used her cloth bag when she went shopping, rather than used plastic bags. Sally ordered not to print out documents unless really necessary.Finish exercise 2 and exercise 3 on page 5.HomeworkThanks!
