1、English LearningUnit 2 Looking into the Future：VocabularyEnglish LearningIn this class we will uBuild up our vocabulary by brainstorming words related to the space exploration.uEnlarge vocabulary by roots and affixes.uLearn some important usages of the key words.uApply what we have learnt to exercis
2、es. English Learningphrasepersuadeswitchswitch off/on distantsecureknobappliancen. 短语；词组短语；词组vt. 劝说；说服劝说；说服vt. 转换；交换转换；交换 vi.&vt. (使使)改变；转变改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器开关；转换器；改变改变关关/ /开开( (电灯、机器等电灯、机器等) )adj. 遥远的遥远的；远处的远处的；疏远的疏远的；心不在焉的心不在焉的adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护获得；拴牢；保护n. 旋钮；球形把手旋钮；球形把手n
3、. 电器；器具电器；器具WordsEnglish Learningremoteremote controlair conditionerautomaticintegratedintegratesensor efficientmoderoutine adj. 远程的；偏远的远程的；偏远的遥控器；遥控遥控器；遥控空调机；空调装备空调机；空调装备adj. 自动的自动的vi.&vt.（使）（使）合并；成为一体合并；成为一体n. 传感器；敏感元件传感器；敏感元件adj. 效率高的；有功效的效率高的；有功效的n. 模式；方式；风格模式；方式；风格n. 常规；正常顺序常规；正常顺序adj. 常规的；日常的常
4、规的；日常的adj. 各部分密切协调的各部分密切协调的;综合的综合的English Learningdaily routinepreferenceinstant commandobeywarningconstantearly onabnormal日常生活日常生活n. 爱好；偏爱爱好；偏爱n. 瞬间；片刻瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的立即的；速食的；速溶的n. 指令指令; 命令命令; 控制控制 vt. 命令命令; 控制控制 vi.&vt. 服从；遵守服从；遵守n. 警告；警示；先兆警告；警示；先兆adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量常数；常量在初
5、期；早先在初期；早先adj. 不正常的；反常的不正常的；反常的 English Learningcriticalcancerpotentiallypotentialleakelectricalwiringwiredetectrelevantadj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的严重的；关键的；批判性的n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤癌；癌症；毒瘤adj. 可能的可能的; 潜在的潜在的 n. 潜力潜力; 可能性可能性vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露漏洞；裂缝；透露adj. 电的；用电的电的；用电的 n. 电线线路；线路系统电线线路；线路系统n. 电线；金属丝电线；金属丝(或线
6、或线)vt. 接通电源；接通电源；将将连接到连接到vt. 发现；查明发现；查明 adj. 有关的；有意义的有关的；有意义的adv. 潜在地；可能地潜在地；可能地 English Learningcatch firefantasyinnovationavailable in this sense(in sense)neverthelessstructure security 着火着火n. 幻想；想象幻想；想象n. 创新；创造创新；创造adj. 可获得的；可购得的可获得的；可购得的;(人人)有空的有空的从这种从这种(某种某种)意义上来讲意义上来讲adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而尽管如此；不过；然而n
7、. 结构；体系结构；体系vt. 系统安排；精心组织系统安排；精心组织 n. 保护措施；安全工作保护措施；安全工作English Learningnanobotartificialartificial intelligence AI clonepredictpredictionforecast occupation adj. 人工的；人造的；假的人工的；人造的；假的n. 纳米机器人纳米机器人人工智能人工智能vt. 克隆克隆; 以无性繁殖技术复制以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物（或植物）克隆动物（或植物）vt. 预测；预言；预料预测；预言；预料n. 预测；预言预测；预言vt.&n. 预测；预报预
8、测；预报n. 职业；占领职业；占领English Learningopposehenceceasedeceasedabsenceruraladvocate emphasisluxury vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠反对；抵制；阻挠adv. 因此；由此因此；由此vi.&vt. （使）（使）停止；终止停止；终止adj. 已死的；亡故的已死的；亡故的n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席不存在；缺乏；缺席adj. 乡村的；农村的乡村的；农村的vt. 提倡；支持；拥护提倡；支持；拥护n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者提倡者；支持者；拥护者n. 强调；重视；重要性强调；重视；重要性n. 奢华奢华English Learning
9、keep in touch (with )career prospect resistresistanceparagraphsignpost essay ( (与与)保持联系；了解保持联系；了解( (某课题或领某课题或领域的情况域的情况) )n. 可能性；前景可能性；前景vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡抵制；反抗；抵挡n. 抵制；反对；抗拒抵制；反对；抗拒n. 段；段落段；段落n. 路标路标n. 文章文章n. 职业；事业职业；事业English Learningbe relevant to 与有关come true keep.secure benefit from make certain s
10、end out set off hang out with 实现保持安全从受益确信发出出发和一起闲逛PhrasesEnglish Learning1.keep in touch (with) 2.apologise for 3.in the absence of 4.on the one hand.,on the other hand 5.all in all 6.on the opposite side of 7.get into the best shape of ones life 8.rather than 9.work on 10.cut down (与)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域
11、的情况)为道歉缺少一方面,另一方面总之在的另一边进入某人生活的最佳状态而不是从事砍伐English Learning1.persuade vt.劝说;说服【教材原句】For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade.比如,in my opinion这个短语告诉我们,这篇文章可能意在说服。【词汇精讲】persuade vt.劝说;说服If she doesnt want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her.如果
12、她不愿意去,你说什么都说服不了她。It was hard to persuade him to give up/into giving up smoking.说服他戒烟很难。English Learning【词汇拓展】Many customers are persuaded into buying something they dont need.很多顾客被说服买了他们并不需要的东西。In the end I persuaded him of its truth.最终,我使他相信这是真的。English Learning【温馨提示】persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事,强
13、调劝服的结果;而advise / try to persuade sb to do sth劝说某人做某事,强调劝说的动作。I tried to persuade him to learn Japanese, but he didnt think it a good idea.=I advised him to learn Japanese, but he didnt think it a good idea.我极力劝他学日语,但他觉得没意思。English LearningEnglish Learning2.switch vt.转换;交换vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变n.开关;转换器;改变【
14、教材原句】Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer?或者,你是否忘记过关电视或电脑?【词汇精讲】switch vt.转换;交换vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变n.开关;转换器;改变Weve switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday.我们已经把会议时间从周二改到了周四。Sea water will have been switched into energy as well.海水也将会转变成能源。There was something wrong with the sw
15、itch and I got a shock.开关有毛病,电了我一下。English Learning【词汇拓展】She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism.在转到新闻业之前,她是图书管理员.English Learning3.distant adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的【教材原句】However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are
16、 away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.然而,在不太遥远的未来,我们将生活在智能家居里,它能在我们离开时锁门,在我们忘了关掉电视的时候记得关掉它。【词汇精讲】distant adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的There is little doubt, however, that things will improve in the not-too-distant future.事情在不久的将来会有所改善,这毋庸置疑。There was a distant look in her eyes from time to
17、 time, her thoughts elsewhere.她眼中不时流露出心不在焉的神情,思绪已飘至别处。English Learning【词汇拓展】My parents live within walking distance of me.我父母住在我家附近。It is said that the mountain is more beautiful when seen from/at a distance.据说此山在远处看会更美丽。The noise of the car died away in the distance.汽车的声音消失在远方。English LearningEngli
18、sh Learning4.integrate vi.& vt. (使)合并;成为一体【教材原句】The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.未来的家将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上离开家的时间,然后自己进入一个节能模式。【词汇精讲】integrate vi.& vt. (使)合并;成为一体He seems to find it difficult to int
19、egrate socially.他发现似乎很难融入社会。They have not made any effort to integrate with the local community.他们完全没有尝试融入本地社区。English Learning【词汇拓展】Children are often very good at integrating into a new culture.孩子们往往非常善于融入一种新的文化。These programs can be integrated with your existing software.这些程序能和你已有的软件整合成一体。English
20、 LearningEnglish Learning5.preference n.爱好;偏爱【教材原句】Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好,所以每天晚上你回家时,一切都会为你准备就绪。【词汇精讲】preference n.爱好;偏爱Parents can express a preference for the school their chi
21、ld attends.父母可以表达对自己孩子所上学校的偏好。Which is your preference, tea or coffee?你喜欢喝哪一样,茶还是咖啡?English Learning【词汇拓展】Many people have a strong preference for the original plan.许多人强烈表示喜欢原计划。He wants to go to Paris, but I prefer to go to London; thats where we differ.他想去巴黎,但我更喜欢去伦敦,那就是我们的分歧所在。English LearningEng
22、lish Learning6.detect vt.发现;查明relevant adj.有关的;有意义的【教材原句】.your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.你的智能家居将检测到它,并向你提供相关信息。【词汇精讲1】detect vt.发现;查明The tests are designed to detect the disease early.这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。Arnold could detect a certain sadness in the old mans fac
23、e.阿诺德能觉察到老人脸上的一丝悲伤。【词汇拓展】detectable adj. 可察觉的detection n. 觉察，检查The noise is barely detectable by the human ear.这种噪音人的耳朵几乎是察觉不到的。English Learning7.available adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的【教材原句】Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.许多这些新发明已经存在,并在一些家庭中使用。【词汇精讲】available
24、 adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的Tickets are available free of charge from the school.学校有免费票。Will she be available this afternoon?今天下午她有空吗?English Learning【词汇拓展】Not enough data is available to scientists.科学家得不到足够的数据。There are three small boats available for hire.有3艘小船可供出租。English Learning8.in this sense从这种意义上来讲
25、【教材原句】In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today.从这种意义上说,明天的家已经是今天的了。【词汇精讲】in this sense从这种意义上来讲In this sense, children and adults have equal rights.从这种意义上说,儿童和大人享有同样的权利。In this sense, personality is the very soul of art.由这种意义上说来,人格就是艺术的灵魂。English LearningEnglish Learning9. com
26、bine vt.& vi. (使)结合;混合【教材原句】Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system.还应注意将建筑物和周围建筑结合起来,以形成有效的系统。【词汇精讲】combine vt.& vi. (使)结合;混合Several factors combined to ruin our plans.几种因素加在一起毁了我们的计划。He will combine the two jobs over the nex
27、t three years.今后三年,他将同时兼顾这两项工作。English Learning【词汇拓展】The hotel combines comfort with convenience.这家旅馆既舒适又方便。What an unusual combination of flavours!多么与众不同的混合风味啊!English LearningEnglish Learning10.doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑vt.怀疑;不信【教材原句】I doubt that.我怀疑【词汇精讲】doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑vt.怀疑;不信【词汇拓展】She had no doubt as to the
28、 correctness of her own estimate.她确信自己的估计。I doubt whether they really have sufficient manpower.我怀疑他们是否真有足够的人力。English Learning【词汇拓展】There is no doubt that he is telling the truth.毫无疑问他在讲真话。His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从未被怀疑过。【温馨提示】(1)doubt用作名词时,在肯定句中接whether(不可用if)引导的同位语从句;
29、在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。(2)当doubt用作动词时,在肯定句中接whether或if引导的宾语从句;在否定句、疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。English LearningEnglish Learning11.oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠【教材原句】In the article,various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在文章中,各界人士纷纷表示,公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车的想法。【词汇精讲】oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠C
30、ongress is continuing to oppose the Presidents healthcare budget.国会继续反对总统的卫生保健预算。Most of the local residents opposed the closing of their hospital.大部分的当地居民反对关闭他们的医院。English Learning【词汇拓展】The father is opposed to his sons marriage.父亲反对儿子的婚事。【温馨提示】oppose后面可跟动词-ing形式作宾语,不可接动词不定式。在be opposed to结构中,to为介词
31、,其后跟动词时,也要用动词-ing形式。English LearningEnglish Learning12.absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席【教材原句】On the one hand,there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面,世界各地有许多不同的群体在没有新技术的情况下快乐地生活。【词汇精讲】absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席She has had repeated absences from wor
32、k this year.今年她一再缺勤。He failed in the exam because of his absence of mind.他因心不在焉而考试不及格。English Learning【词汇拓展】In the absence of water and air, nothing could live.假如没有水和空气,什么都不能生存。A number of boys have been absent during the term.这学期有许多男生缺课。English LearningEnglish Learning13.advocate vt.提倡;支持;拥护n.提倡者;支
33、持者;拥护者【教材原句】They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work,family,and community.他们提倡简单的生活,强调努力工作、家庭和社区。【词汇精讲】advocate vt.提倡;支持;拥护n.提倡者;支持者;拥护者They advocated a complete check of the system.他们提议彻底检查该系统。Animal rights advocates argue that zoos are really animal prisons.动物权利保护者指出动物园实际上是动物的牢笼。【
34、词汇拓展】They advocate that we (should) encourage more people wear traditional clothes.Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。English Learning14.keep in touch (with)与保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)【教材原句】Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to kee
35、p in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外,互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系,即使他们在世界的另一边。【词汇精讲】keep in touch (with)与保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship.和朋友保持联系是友谊的重要部分。By using the Internet,you can keep in touch with the latest technolog
36、y.使用互联网,你可以了解最新的科技动态。English Learning15.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡【教材原句】Nevertheless,I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.尽管如此,我将永远看到变革积极的一面,接受而不是抵制它。【词汇精讲】resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡He is in good healthhe is able to resist diseases.他身体很好。他能抵抗疾病。I can resist
37、 everything.我能抵抗一切。The children always resist going to bed on New Years Eve.新年前夕孩子们总是不愿睡觉。The new product is resistant to high temperature and heat.这种新产品耐高温、抗热。English LearningEnglish Learning1.Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV Programmes,a
38、nd you will find your dinner already prepared for you.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。【句式剖析】本句是一个and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中,有一个the instant引导的时间状语从句。the instant (that)是名词短语,在此起连词作用,表示时间,意为“一就”,that常省略。Much to my surprise,she burst into tears the instant she read the letter.让我吃惊的是,她一读到这封信,就突然
39、大哭起来。He paid back the money he owed us the instant he returned home.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。Key sentence patternsEnglish Learning【句式拓展】引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有:The moment he graduated from college, he applied to be sent to the northwest of China.大学毕业那一刻,他申请被派往中国西北。Every time he arrived home at the end of the day, we
40、d greet him at the door.每当他结束一天(工作)到家时,我们都在门口迎接他。 English LearningEnglish Learning2.For example,the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off.例如,智能家居可以控制空调和灯,这样你就不用再打开和关闭开关了【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。the smart home could control.是主句,so
41、that引导的是目的状语从句。so that意为“以便;为了”,引导目的状语从句,在从句中常与can,may,could,might等情态动词连用。They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a break.他们可以帮忙照料孩子,这样你就可以歇一歇了。You have to carry a mobile phone so that they can call you at any time.你要随身带着手机,以便他们随时给你打电话。English Learning【句式拓展】(1)in order that也可引导目
42、的状语从句,可置于主句之前或之后,而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.为了能看到日出,我们早早地出发去山顶。I beg you to teach the text more slowly in order that most of the students can easily follow you.我请求您讲课文更慢一点,这样大多数学生就能很容易地跟上您。(2)so that还可引导结果状语从句,句中没有情态动词。He hurried to th
43、e station so that he could catch the early bus.他匆匆忙忙赶往车站,以便能赶上早班车。(表示目的)He hurried to the station so that he caught the early bus.他匆匆忙忙赶往车站,赶上了早班车。(表示结果)English Learning3. However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and rem
44、ember to switch off the TV when we forget. 在不久的将来在不久的将来that引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句when引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句关掉，关上关掉，关上( (电灯等电灯等) ) She switched off the coffee-machine.她她关掉关掉了咖啡机。了咖啡机。 Do not forget to switch off the air-conditioning when you go to bed.睡觉时别忘了睡觉时别忘了关上关上空调。空调。English Learning4. Your lights wi
45、ll come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.the moment/instant/minute/second (that)等时间名词用作等时间名词用作边际从属连词边际从属连词，表示，表示“一一就就”，相当于，相当于as soon as，可引导时间状语从句，其后的可引导时间状语从句，其后的 that 常省略常省略。the instant引导的时间状语
46、从句引导的时间状语从句 He stood up the instant I called his name. 我我一一叫他的名字，他叫他的名字，他就就站了起来。站了起来。 I sent you the news the instant that I heard it. 我我一一得到消息得到消息就就通知了你。通知了你。find的复合结构的复合结构: : find+宾语宾语+V-ing/V-ed, V-ing表示与宾语有表示与宾语有主动主动关系关系, 而而V-ed表示表示与宾语有与宾语有被动关系被动关系。) I entered the room and found the window broke
47、n. On arriving at the station, he found his wife waiting to meeting him.我走进房间就发现窗户被打破了。我走进房间就发现窗户被打破了。他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着迎接他。他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着迎接他。English Learning5. find复合结构复合结构的其他形式的其他形式: :find+宾语宾语+介词介词(短语短语)1. He found the ship out of sight. 他发现船已经看不见了。他发现船已经看不见了。2. I find it pleasant to work with him.
48、find+形式宾语形式宾语(it)+形容词形容词/名词名词+不定式不定式我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。3. We found him to be honest. find+宾语宾语+不定式不定式我们觉得他是诚实的。我们觉得他是诚实的。4. I found the question hard to answer.find+宾语宾语+形容词形容词我觉得这个问题很难回答。我觉得这个问题很难回答。find+宾语宾语+名词名词5. I found Amy a clever girl.我发现我发现艾米艾米是个聪明的女孩。是个聪明的女孩。find+宾语宾语+副词副词6. When he
49、 arrived, he found the meeting over.当他来的时候，他发现会议已经结束。当他来的时候，他发现会议已经结束。English Learning6.However,I could not help but feel anxious.然而,我不禁感到担心。【句式剖析】cant help but do意为“只能做;不得不做; 只好做”。She couldnt help but wonder what he was thinking.她不禁琢磨着他在想些什么。He is such a famous professor that you cant help but resp
50、ect him.他是一位如此著名的教授,以至于你不得不尊敬他。I cant help thinking he knows more than he has told us.我总觉得他没把他知道的事全告诉我们。I am busy at the moment, so I cant help to clean the room.我现在很忙,无法帮忙打扫房间。English Learning7.Better not hang out with Sam then.最好不要和山姆闲逛。【句式剖析】本句是一个省略句,Better not前面省略了You had。had better意为“最好”,用于表示对别
