1、choleraseverediarrhoeadehydrationfrustratedonce and for allcontradictoryinfectioninfectgermn. 霍乱霍乱adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的严厉的n. 腹泻腹泻n. 脱水脱水adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的最终地；彻底地最终地；彻底地adj. 相互相互矛盾的；对立的；不矛盾的；对立的；不一致的一致的n. 感染；感染；传染传染vt. 使感染；传染使感染；传染n. 微生物；细菌；病菌微生物；细菌；病菌subscribesubscribe toproofmul
2、tiplepumpwater pumphouseholdsuspectblamehandlevi. 认购认购(股份股份);定期订购定期订购;定期交纳定期交纳(会费会费)同意；赞同同意；赞同n. 证据；证明；检验证据；证明；检验adj. 数量多的；多种多样的数量多的；多种多样的n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒泵；抽水机；打气筒水泵水泵n. 一家人一家人;家庭家庭;同住一所同住一所(套套)房子的人房子的人vt. & vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任怀疑；疑有；不信任n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象vt. 把把归咎于；责怪；指责归咎于；责怪；指责n. 责备；指责责备；指责n. 把手；拉手；柄把手；拉
3、手；柄 vt. 处理；搬动；操纵处理；搬动；操纵( (车辆、动物、工具等车辆、动物、工具等) )interventionlinkrawpuresubstantialdecreasethanks tostatistictransformepidemiologymicroscopen. 介入；出面；干涉介入；出面；干涉n. 联系；纽带联系；纽带 vt. 把把连接起来；连接起来；相关联相关联adj. 未煮的未煮的;生的生的;未经处理的未经处理的;原始的原始的adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的干净的；纯的；纯粹的adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的大量的；价值巨大的；重大的n. 减少；降低；减少量减少；降
4、低；减少量 vt.&vi. (使大小、数量等使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低减少；减小；降低幸亏；由于幸亏；由于n. pl.统计数字；统计资料；统计学统计数字；统计资料；统计学vt. 使改观使改观;使改变形态使改变形态 vi. 改变改变;转变转变n. 流行病学流行病学n. 显微镜显微镜Science and ScientistsUnit 1 What are the students doing in the photo?Unit 1 Reading and ThinkingUnderstand the questioning mindWhat disease can you think of
5、 when you look at these pictures?COVID-19COVID-19: an infectious disease. It was discovered in the human body in 2019. The virus is generally characterised by fever, dry cough and gradually dyspnea( (逐渐出现呼吸困难逐渐出现呼吸困难) ). The virus was confirmed to be with the phenomenon of human transmission and hav
6、e latent infection. The disease had no specific treatment at that time, so it broke out in 2020 and swept the globe.There are many ideas about the origin of the COVID-19. We still need time to prove it. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? How many stages are needed to set out
7、 a scientific research? Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups. What order would you put them in?_ analyse the results _ ask a question _ draw a conclusion_ collect data_ find a problem _ find supporting evidence_ think of a methodIn the early 19th century, an infectious disea
8、se similar to coronavirus hit Europe. Read and finish the tasks as quickly as possible.Whats the main idea of the passage? A. How John Snow found the cause of cholera and defeated it. B. The cause of cholera was polluted water. C. The source of all drinking water should be examined. D. John Snow was
9、 a well-known doctor in London.Read para. 1 and fill in the blanks below.choleraJohn SnowWhat? It is one of _ because it causes _ _.When? _.Where? _.What consequence? _ _.the most feared diseases in the worldsevere diarrhoea, dehydration, and even deathIn the early 19th centuryEuropeMillions of peop
10、le died from the diseaseWho? A _ doctor who even attended to _ when she gave birth. What? He had a desire to _ once and for all.young British Queen Victoria destroy choleraRead the passage again and complete the chart below.A: It was believed that cholera was caused by bad _ or germs in _.B: Snow _
11、the places where the people who _ had lived C:Many deaths occurred near the _ in Broad Street.Some people _ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _.D: The pump water carried _.E: The _ of the pump was removed.Match the following header
12、s with the letters from the chart above. Write A-E in the blanks.1. conclusion 2. evidence 3. process 4. solution 5. theories _ _ _ _ _airfood or watermarked ona mapdiedwater pumphadntdrinking water from the pumpcholera germshandleDCBEAconclusionevidenceprocesssolutiontheoriesMany deaths happened he
13、re.No death happened here.The pump water carried cholera germsPublic houseClue: free beer from public houseJohn Snows Cholera Map1. Which of the following played a very important role in defeating cholera? A. The map. B. The handle. C. The beer. D. The water. 2. Which of the following words can best
14、 describe John Snow? A. Clever and friendly.B. Talented and popular. C. Determined and helpful.D. Creative and enthusiastic.1. Q: What _? A: Snow thought that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.2. Q: Why _ _? A: Snow had the handle from the pump removed so that it could not be used.3. Q: H
15、ow _? A: The cholera threat was defeated thanks to the work of John Snow.Task 5What questions would you ask to get the following answers?P3 5did Snow think cholera was caused did Snow have the handle from the pump removedwas the cholera threat defeatedAsk questionsOne way to approach a reading passa
16、ge is to ask questions about it. Asking questions can help you understand the content. It can also help you think more deeply about the topic.Task 6Read the passage again and answer these questions.1. John Snow believed theory 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would
17、have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason.He discovered a severe cholera outbreak in two particular streets. Then he marked on a map the places where the affected people had lived and collected information about these infected people. Finally he found out the disease was cause by the p
18、olluted water. No. The map helped John Snow organise his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and those had had no deaths and check their water-drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.analysing, mindmap, summary, retelli
19、ngHow did John Snow made it?Cholera killed millions of people in John Snows time. With great effort John Snow found out its cause and controlled this deadly disease. Find a problem Ask a questionThink of a methodFind supporting evidenceDraw a conclusionCollect dataAnalyse the results To prove a new
20、scientific idea, seven stages are needed. Analyse the passage according to the seven stages. Find a problemMillions of people died from _, but no one knew how to _ or _ it.Ask a questionTheory 1: Cholera was caused by _. Theory2 : Cholera was caused by _ _.Think of a methodSnow subscribed to the _ t
21、heory. He began to _.Collect dataSnow investigated the two particular streets where _ _. He _ _ _ where all those who died had lived.Analyse the resultsMany deaths happened _ _. Some households had no deaths because they drank free beer. Snow suspected that _ _.Find supporting evidenceA woman and he
22、r daughter died of cholera though they had moved away, because they _.Draw a conclusion_.cholerapreventtreatbad airan infection fromgerms in food or watersecondinvestigatethecholera outbreak was very severemarked on a map the exact placesnear the water pump inBroad Streetthe water pumpwas to blame h
23、ad the water delivered to their house every dayThe pump water carried cholera germs1. What was the most important tool Snow used to defeat cholera? What common medical tools, e.g. a microscope, didnt he use? Why?2. How has John Snows work affected our daily lives?P3 61. What was the most important t
24、ool Snow used to defeat cholera? What common medical tools, e.g. a microscope, didnt he use? Why?Possible Answer: He used maps and statistics to analyse where the deaths occurred. He didnt use a microscope, for example. He didnt test the water, nor did he draw blood or examine patients.The reason he
25、 did not use medical equipment such as a microscope was because they did not exist during his time. Further, understanding of germs and bacteria was still developing, and so he had to innovate methods himself based on the theory he believed.2. How has John Snows work affected our daily lives?Possibl
26、e Answer: Snows work has provided readily available clean water to drink, for example, as well as an emphasis on hygiene such as the need to wash hands after they become dirty. He also showed how to prevent cholera epidemics, and transformed the way scientists study diseases, which has allowed for m
27、ore protection from once common diseases such as cholera.What spirits can we learn from a scientist like John Snow?creativestrictpatientdetermined positivehard-workingconfidentambitious1. analyse the results2. die from3. once and for all4. subscribe to5. determine to do sth.6. be to blame7. be likel
28、y to8. thanks to分析结果分析结果死于死于最终地；彻底地最终地；彻底地同意；赞同同意；赞同决心做某事决心做某事对对负有责任负有责任 幸亏；由于幸亏；由于很有可能很有可能用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空( (每个短语只能用一次每个短语只能用一次) )。once and for all subscribe todetermine to do sth. die from thanks to1. This is because millions of children _ diseases that can be prevented through vaccines.2. _ your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule. 3. We have to resolve this matter _.4. I never _ the “customer is always right” theory.5. No matter what you _, I would side with you. die fromThanks toonce and for allsubscribe todetermine to do
