1、选择性必修二 Units 1-5EXTENSIVE READINGADNA a tiny molecule (分子) found in almost every part of a persons body containsacode that gives the body instructions for the growth of _. Except for the DNA ofidentical twins, every persons DNA is unique. Because each persons DNA is different, it is avaluable tool f
2、or identification. For several years, police have used DNA to identify _of crimes and to determine who may have committed them.Scientists have also developed a new _ called DNA phenotyping, which candetermine a persons eye color, their natural hair color, the possible shapes of their facialfeatures,
3、and their geographic ancestry. With this information, technicians can create a picture or a3-Dmodel of what a person might look like. However, DNA phenotyping cannot determine apersonsage, weight, or whether they have a beard (胡须) or dyed (染) hair. Because this techniquecanonly provide clues about a
4、 persons appearance, it cannot necessarily be used to positivelyidentifycriminals. However, it can help police rule out _.Complete the following tasks according to the text.1. Complete the text with words from the box.victims, cells, suspects, technique _ _ _ _2. Whose DNA are not unique?3. What can
5、 DNA phenotyping tell us about a person?4. What cant DNA phenotyping tell us about a person?5. Put the following sentences about solving a case in time order.a. Use these predictions to construct a 3-D model of the persons face.b. Scan a DNA sample of a person.c. Adjust the model to reflect differen
6、t ages and weights.d. Makes predictions about the persons features.BSpeaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English effectively,youneed to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tipstoremember when speaking English in the United States.Ge
7、neral Points to RememberMost Americans only speak English: While it is true that more and more Americanscanspeak Spanish, most Americans only speak English.Americans have difficulty understanding foreign accents: Many Americans are not usedtoforeign accents, which requires patience from both of you!
8、Conversation TipsSpeak about location: Americans love to talk about location. When speaking to astranger,ask them where they are from and then make a connection with that place. For example,“Oh, Ihave a friend who studied in Los Angeles. He says its a beautiful place to live.” Most Americanswill the
9、n willingly talk about their experiences living or visiting that particular city or area.Talk about work: Americans commonly ask “What do you do?”. Its considered impolite insome countries but is a popular topic of discussion between strangers in America.Talk about sports: Americans love sports! How
10、ever, they love American sports.Whenspeaking about football, most Americans would understand “American football”.Addressing PeopleUse last names with people you do not know: Address people using their titles (Mr, Ms,Dr,etc.) and their last names.Always use “Ms” when addressing women: It is important
11、 to use “Ms” when addressing awoman. Only use “Mrs” when the woman has asked you to do so.Many Americans prefer first names: Americans often prefer using first names, evenwhendealing with people in very different positions. Americans will generally say “Call me Tom” andthen expect you to remain on a
12、 first-name basis.Americans prefer informality: In general, Americans prefer informal greetings and usingfirstnames or nicknames when speaking with colleagues and acquaintances (熟人).Complete the following tasks according to the text.1. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). Its eas
13、y for Americans to understand foreign accents. () Talking about places where you have lived is welcome. () Youd better not talk about your job with Americans. () Americans often think of “football” as “American football”. () Generally, women are glad to be called “Ms”. () Americans like others to ca
14、ll them by their first names. ()2. What is the best title for the text? ()A. Tips for you to use English effectivelyB. Tips for you to learn foreign cultureC. Tips you need to know when greeting othersD. Tips you need to know when talking with AmericansCI Am Chocolate .I am, and have always been, a
15、symbol of love, richness and joy.I come from a small evergreen tree that grows football-shaped pods (豆荚) not onitsbranches, like most fruit trees, but on the trunk.I was likely first grown 5,000 years ago in current-day Ecuador. Soon enough, my seeds(种子) became the forever focus. The Mayans, among o
16、thers, dried, roasted, and cracked themintocacao nibs (咖啡碎粒), which they then ground into cocoa flour and blended with water tomake adrink.Since my pods ripen (成熟) at irregular times and are attached to my tree by a delicatestemthat would be damaged by a machine, all my harvesting and processing mus
17、t be done by hand.Beyond satisfying the early human sweet tooth, cacao beans have turned out to be fullofnutritious elements that 21st-century humans know are important to overall health. Myflavanols(黄烷 醇) in particular are good for lowering blood pressure, though if that were yourmainobjective, you
18、d better off eating entirely unsweetened dark chocolate. Even mybitterestcompound, is suspected of being good for the heart and brain.And, believe it or not, I may even be good for your skin. Researchers at GermanysHeinrichHeine University exposed chocolate eaters to ultraviolet (紫外线的) light and fou
19、nd that aftersixweeks, they had 15 per cent less skin reddening than those who didnt eat me. “We believethecompounds in chocolate act as ultraviolet filters,” says study leader Wilhelm Stahl.I was almost only available to the upper classes until the Industrial Revolution, whensomeone finally brought
20、 the hydraulic press (水压机) to bear on cacao beans. Producerscouldthen force the vegetable fat out of my nibs and produce cocoa butter, which permittedcooks tomore easily create chocolate bars and cakes. Sadly, after centuries of investigation, myexcellentqualities are being discounted. But in my var
21、ious forms, I am a source of pleasure in the kitchen.Complete the following tasks according to the text.1. Fill in the blanks about cacao beans.Place of origin: _Time of origin: _On which part of cacao trees: _2. Who first contributed to the popularity of cacao beans?3. How are cacao beans harvested
22、 and processed? Why?4. What are the health benefits of consuming chocolate?5. What made chocolates available to ordinary people?6. Which rhetoric device does this text adopt?A. Simile.B. Repetition.C. Personification.答案A.1. cells victims technique suspects2. Identical twins.3. Eye color, natural hai
23、r color, shapes of facial features, and geographic ancestry.4. Age, weight, or whether they have a beard or dyed hair.5. bdacB.1. F F F T T T2. DC.1. Ecuador; 5,000 years ago; trunks2. The Mayans.3. By hand. Because their pods ripen at different times and the delicate stem would bedamaged bya machine.4. It is good for the skin, heart and brain, and lowering blood pressure.5. Someone invented the hydraulic press during the Industrial Revolution.6. C
