1、数词1.基数词和序数词1) 数次分类基数词 表示数目,如:one,two,three,.hundred序数词 表示顺序,如:first,second,third,hundredth.数词13/21/20222)序数词的用法a.用来表示先后顺序,在序数词前加定冠词the。如:This is the second time I saw him.答案:on the first day of the New Year, I went to Beijing.b. 表示“又一,再一”,而不是强调顺序时,不用the,而用a/an。如:Mark will make a third try.c. 当序数词前有物
2、主代词或其他修饰语时,不用the或a/an。如:His second child is a boy.d.当first作副词时,不用the或a/an。如:It is mine. I saw it first.We first became friends when we were six.23/21/20223)序数词和基数词用于固定搭配的词组:Come/finish first Come/finish secondAt fisrt sightfirst aidFirst classfisrt name33/21/20223.时间表达法:时间均用基数词,表达方式有2种1)倒读法a.不超过30分钟
3、:分钟数+past+钟点数,表示“几点过几分”。如:3:25 twenty-five past three11:13 thirteen past elevenb.超过30分钟,分钟数(60减去看到的分钟数)+to+下一个钟点数,表示“离几点差几分”,如:4:55 five to five11:40 twenty to twelvec.30分用half,15分用quarter。如:8:30 half past eight9:45 a quarter to ten43/21/20222)顺读法连用两个基数词,第一个表示钟点,第二个表示分钟,如:1:20 one twenty5:35 five th
4、irty five注意:顺读法为车站、机场时刻报时法,简单明了,因此用的广泛。53/21/20223. 年、日期的表达1)年的读法a. 用基数词,两位一读,如:1989 nineteen eighty-nine1921nineteen twenty-oneb. 如果年是整数,或中间带个零,直接用基数词读,如:2000 two thousand2009two thousand and ninec. 如果年份的第三位是零,有两种读法,如:1805 eighteen o five/ eighteen hundred and five63/21/20222)日期的读法在正式语体中,日期用序数词,如:1
5、0月1 october the first(英式) October first(美式)在非正式语体中,日期有时候也可以用基数词,如:10月1日 1 october 或 october 13)年、月、日的英语表达顺序日+月+年,这是常见于英国的写法,如:5 October,1996月+日+年,这是常见于美国和加拿大的写法,如:October 5, 199673/21/20224)时代,如:九十年代: In the 90s 或in the 90s83/21/20224. 年龄的表达1)表示“几岁”用:数字+years(old),如:I am eleven years old.2)表示“几岁的人”可
6、用表示年龄的复合形容词,如:She is a ten-year-old girl.He is an eighty-eight-year-old man.3)表示“在.年龄”用“at the age of ”,如:At the age of five, he began to learn Chinese kungfu.93/21/20224)表示“多岁了”用“in+ones+整数的基数词复数形式”,如:In her thirtiesIn her early thirtiesIn her mid thirties5)分数的表达,如:分数的表达为:分子(基数词)-分母(序数词)当分子为one时,分母
7、用序数词,不加s;当分子大于one,为two,three,four等时,分母为序数词加s,如:One-tenthtwo-fifthsFive-ninths103/21/20226.计算的表达加:plus/and减:minus乘:times除:divided by动词可用is/are,或equals/equal。加法、乘法动词用单复数都可以,减法、除法动词只能用单数。如:What is nine plus six?Nine plus six is/are fifteen.Fifteen minus nine is six.Four times five is/are twenty.Twenty
8、divided by four is five.113/21/20227.“半”的表达一半:Half a(n)+名词如:half an hourA half+名词如:a half hour一个半:a(n)/one+名词+and a half 如:an/one hour and a halfOne and a half+名词 如:one and a half hours123/21/20228.不定数量的表达:Ten,hundred,thousand,million,dozen,score等词,可以表示确定的数量,也可以表示不确定的数量,如:.s of:作复数形式,前面不能用具体数字,表示大概的
9、数目,如:Tens of bagshundreds of peopleThousands of booksmillions of dollarsDozens of shellsscores of shopsa,one,two,three,+hundred(thousand,etc.)作单数形式,前面可以用具体数字,表示具体的数目。如:Two hundred pupils went there.He paid five thousand yuan for the TV.The government invested about seven million dollars in the proje
10、ct.133/21/20229.复合数词复合数词作定语,用来修饰名词,有以下三种情况:数词-计量名词-形容词计量名词为单数a three-month-old girl数词-计量名词计量名词为单数a five-day holiday数词 计量名词在数词大于1时,计量名词为复数a one dollar billa ten minutes break注意:有连字符“-”出现,数词后面的名词就用单数。“数词-计量名词-形容词”结构相当于一个形容词,但它一般不能作表语。如:The building is five-meter high.()It is a five-meter-high building.()The building is five-meter-high.()143/21/2022练习:把下列短语译成英语。1. 1201房间_正确答案:Room 12012. 第十课_正确答案:Lesson10/the tenth lesson3. 五月一日_正确答案:May the first (英式) May first (美式)153/21/2022