1、主谓一致主谓一致 1）主语为复数名词或代词主语为复数名词或代词 The teachers are respected in the world.2) 当当people , police, cattle 等集体名词作主语，形式上等集体名词作主语，形式上 为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数 The police are looking for the missing child. The cattle are kept in his farm.3）山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的复数名词作主语结尾的复数名词作主语。 The Olympic
2、 Games are held once every four years. The Rocky mountains stand in the west of the north America4）the+adj. 表示一类人表示一类人 或物做主语时或物做主语时 如如 the+blind,deaf, living,dead,wounded,poor,richold, young等The dead are soon forgotten.The rich are not always happy.Generally speaking the young are eager for success.
3、5) the+姓的复数形式表一家人姓的复数形式表一家人 The Whites are going to make a trip to London.The Greens were watching TV when a fire broke out. 1）可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。2）表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。主语，表达一个整体概念时。 Twenty years is only a short time in human history.3)主语从句、动词不定式、
4、动名词主语从句、动词不定式、动名词 形式作主语时，形式作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。 Looking after the children is my full time job.To die for the people is a worthy death.When and where to hold the meeting is unknown.Whatever was left was taken away.4) 以以-S 结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、
5、报刊等名称作主语,(news, physics, maths，politics)谓语用单数。谓语用单数。The United states is made up of 50 states.The Times is a newspaper for the British governmentGreat Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860. 5) clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。等无生命的集合名词作主
6、语。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 6) each neither either+of + the+复数名词或代词Each of us has a dictionary.Either of the books on the table belongs to me.Neither of them is fit for the job.7) many a / each / every either / neither more than one+单数名词Many a student has seen the film.Neither
7、story is true. 当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数They each have a dictionary.=Each of them has a dictionary.More than one More than one studentstudent hashas seen the film. seen the film.More More studentsstudents than one than one havehave seen the film. seen the film.8) every each no many a +名词单数and+everyea
8、chno many a+名词单数 作主语时 谓语用单数Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.9）由由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数Nobody wants to go there.Something has been done to end the strike.
9、10）man(人类人类) 和和the world(世人世人)作主语时作主语时 Man has created many useful things. The world knows that the earth is round.1）用用andand或或bothbothandand连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用用复数复数形式。但是如果形式。但是如果andand连接的两个名词作主语，连接的两个名词作主语，指同一个指同一个人或事或人或事或整体概念整体概念，谓语动词用，谓语动词用单数单数（如果是可数名（如果是可数名词的单数这时词的单数这时andand后面的名词一般
10、没有冠词）。后面的名词一般没有冠词）。用用is/are填空填空 English and Chinese quite different languages. Water and air both important. A young man and a girl to go there. The singer and the writer famous to many young people.areareareareThe manager and secretary as busy as a bee all dayThe singer and writer famous to everyon
11、e. War and peace （战争与和平）（战争与和平） a constant theme in history.A knife and fork（ 刀叉）刀叉） needed for a western meal.Bread and butter(黄油面包黄油面包) served for breakfast.Early to bed and early to rise （早睡早起）（早睡早起） a good habit.isisisisisisiron and steel 钢铁钢铁law and order 治安治安a watch and chain 一块带链的表一块带链的表 A ne
12、edle and thread(针线针线)a coat and tie配有领带的上衣配有领带的上衣2）单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：这类名词有：sheep, fish, deer, means(sheep, fish, deer, means(方法方法), ), species(species(种类种类),),works(works(工厂工厂), ), Chinese, JapaneseChinese, Japanese等
13、。等。选择填空选择填空 has/haveEvery means been tried out without much result.All means been tried out without much result.hashave was/wereThis shoe works set up in 1980. Those shoe works all set up in 1980. waswere3) 3) 表示成双成套的名词，如：表示成双成套的名词，如：chopsticks (chopsticks (筷子筷子), ), compasses, clothes, glasses, jea
14、ns, scissors, compasses, clothes, glasses, jeans, scissors, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves, shortsshoes, socks, trousers, gloves, shorts等，作主语时，等，作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如与谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如与a kind of, a pair of,a kind of, a pair of, the pair of, a series of the pair of, a series of 连用，作主语时，连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如
15、：谓语动词用单数形式。如： This kind of books is useful. = Books of this kind are useful. 4) 某些集体名词（如某些集体名词（如 family, team family, team 等）作主语时，等）作主语时， 如果作如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用言，谓语动词用复数复数。类似动词还有：。类似动词还有： class, club, company, crowd, enemy, government, class, club, compan
16、y, crowd, enemy, government, group, party, public, team group, party, public, team等。等。1)His family _(be) a big family2)His family _(be) listening to music when he came back 3)The population in China_(be) very large, and eighty of the population in China _(be) farmers.iswereisare5) 就近原则就近原则下列连词连接两个主语
17、时，及下列连词连接两个主语时，及there be句型有多个并列主语，句型有多个并列主语，谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致。谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致。 A or B either A or B neither A nor B not only A but also B there be A, B and C not A but B动词与靠近的主语一致1）Either the girl or the boy _ in Canada.( is /are )is2）Neither he nor I _ the answer.(knows /know)know3）Not only I but also
18、Jane and Mary _tired of having one examination after another. are5）You or he _ to blame你或他有一人要受责备。你或他有一人要受责备。 _ you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他？受责备的是你还是他？ Ais，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is6)_either he or you right?(be)(注意就近原则在疑问中的使用注意就近原则在疑问中的使用)Is4) You ,he or I right.am 7)Either you or the headmaster
19、 _ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting. (NMET 1994 ) A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out D6)就前原则就前原则, ,当主语后面跟有当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as,no less than, along with,as well as, as much as,no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together
20、with, but, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides,including, in addition to except, besides,including, in addition to等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。2）Nobody but John and Helen absent. I, rather than you， responsible for the accident.wasam1)The teacher , with 6
21、girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. (NMET2004 北京卷北京卷) A. was B . were C. had been D. would be A 7) None of + n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数或复数均可（复数）作主语，谓语用单数或复数均可 None of + n（单数）作主语，谓语用单数（单数）作主语，谓语用单数None of the cars was / were damaged. 这些车都没有受损。None of the food has gone b
22、ad. 食物没有变质。 8) a number of + n（复数）作主语，谓语用复数（复数）作主语，谓语用复数 the number of + n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数（复数）作主语，谓语用单数 The number of the people invited _ fifty , but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. (NMET 1996 ) A. were, was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were a large quantity of +c/u +谓语单数谓语单数larg
23、e quantities of +c/u + +谓语复数谓语复数A large quantity of people is needed here. Large quantities of food have rotten away.C9 9）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。先行词的单复数。 He is one of He is one of the few personsthe few persons who who a a good knowledge of Italian. good knowledge of
24、Italian. 他是精通意大利语的少数人之一。他是精通意大利语的少数人之一。havewas He is He is the only one of the boysthe only one of the boys who who given a prize.given a prize. 他是这些孩子中唯一受到奖励的。他是这些孩子中唯一受到奖励的。 当当oneone之前有之前有the onlythe only修饰时，修饰时，oneone是是whowho 的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。 a great deal of/ a large amount of +u+谓语
25、单数 但large amounts of +u+ 谓语复数10)10)倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如：1)Between the two buildings 1)Between the two buildings (stand)(stand) a monument.a monument.2)On the ship 2)On the ship (be)(be) over 2,200 people.over 2,200 people. 3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives. 3)More than 1,500 people
26、 lost their lives. Among those Among those (be)(be) the young woman.the young woman.standswere/arewas11).such, the same起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容 来确定单、复数。如：来确定单、复数。如： Such is our plan. Such are my hopes. 12).12).all all 做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。 All All isis well that ends well. well that ends well. All All areare eager to reach an agreement. eager to reach an agreement.13) part of / half of / percent of / one third of + 名词，名词， 谓语动词要与谓语动词要与of 后面的名词保持一致。后面的名词保持一致。
