1、devote oneself toAfter he realized the importance of learning, he began to devote himself to his studies.自从他明白了学习的重要性后，他开始埋头苦读。致力于，献身于，专心于单词变形形容词 devoted 忠实的名词 devotion 关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚*earnest adj.非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的The earnest young doctor answered all our questions.这个认真的年轻医生回答了我们所有的问题。CET4/考研/IELTS/GRE*butt
2、erfly n. 蝴蝶小学/初中/高中/CET4/TOEFLliterature n. I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature.她的法国文学知识之丰富使我大为惊奇。文学，文学作品初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL词根词缀litera=letter文字，字母 + ture状态文字状态literature文学*shell n. A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his e
3、ar. (P. 44)The duckling jumps free from his shell.这只小鸭子挣脱蛋壳跳了出来。贝壳；壳初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFLin store (for sb.)即将发生（在某人身上），等待着（某人）Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature. (P. 44)当我们开始学习文学时，我们可能就会有一些像这样的体验。appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁Let a little s
4、ong appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. (P. 44) 让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的 心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMAT/GREThe animal rights group launched an appeal to stop commercial whaling. 动物权益保护组织呼吁停止商业捕鲸。d
5、eterminevt. 确定；支配；决心 vi. 决心The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities. (P. 44)第一步是确定它（文学）的一些重要特质。The chubby dog is determined to lose weight. 这只胖狗下定决心要减肥。词根词缀de加强动作+ termin界限 + e 加强界限 determine下决心初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL单词变形名词 determination 决心significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的The apple has
6、had a significant change in the looking. 这个苹果在外观上产生了显著的变化。初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFLThe first step is to determine some of its significant qualities. (P. 44)第一步是确定它（文学）的一些重要特质。单词变形副词 significantlydescription n. 描述，形容，说明Could you please give me a description of these graphs?你能给我描述一下这些图表吗？初中/高中/CET4/考研/
7、IELTS/GMAT词根词缀de向下+ scrip写 + ion表名词 写下来description描写The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. (P. 45)文学的第一个特质是对真与美的描写。单词变形动词 describe 形容；描述sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的soul n. 灵魂；心性，内心reflect vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；沉思Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed
8、until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. (P. 45)有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOFEL/GMAT/GRE词根词缀sens感觉 + itive形容词后缀 sensitive敏感的单词变形名词 sense 常识，见识；感觉官
9、能；判断力；意义形容词 sensible 明智的；意识到的Her teeth are sensitive to ice cream. 她的牙齿对冰激凌很敏感。soul n. 灵魂；心性，内心Piano and drum are the core musical instruments in soul music. 钢琴和鼓是灵乐的核心乐器。She has the soul of perseverance as she runs even in rainy days. 她有坚忍不拔的精神，下雨天也照常跑步。高中/CET4/考研reflect vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声
10、、光、热等）；沉思初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOFEL/GRE单词变形名词 reflection 反射；反映；映像形容词 reflective 沉思的；深思的词根词缀re回，向后 + flect弯曲 反弯曲 reflect反射The mountains are reflected in the water. 群山倒映在水中。capable adj. 有能力，有才能；能力强的One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before. (P. 45)读到这句诗的人可以发现曾
11、视而不见的美。She is a capable worker who is very good at multitasking.她是一个能干的员工，非常擅长处理多个任务。高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOFEL词根词缀cap握住 + able形容词后缀，具有某种性质的capable有能力的，有才能的单词变形名词 capability形容词 incapableawaken vt. & vi.唤起，被唤起；（使）醒来Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says. (P. 45)它的吸引力更多地在于它唤醒了我
12、们什么，而不是它说了什么。She was awakened by the birds song.考研launch vt. 使（船）下水；开始从事，发动When Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen, “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?” (P. 45)当克里斯托弗马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道，“这就是让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗？”初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMATThey launched the r
13、ocket into the sky.他们向空中发射火箭。permanence n. 永久，持久性The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence. (P. 45)文学的第三个特质，来自另外两个特质，是它的持久性。The permanence of the stone lion means it has been with my family for generations. CET6/TOEFL词根词缀per始终 + man逗留 + ence表名词 permanence永恒，持久co
14、ntain vt. 包含，含有，容纳To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style. (P. 45)要做到这一点，它应该包含两个要素：共同的兴趣和个人的风格。词根词缀con一起 + tain握住 contain包容，包含初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLSea water contains salt. 海水含有盐分。element n. 要素，基本部分To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal
15、 interest and personal style. (P. 45)要做到这一点，它应该包含两个要素：共同的兴趣和个人的风格。高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFLThe letters in the table represent different chemical elements.表中的字母代表不同的化学元素。universal adj. 普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style. (P. 45)要做到这一点，它应该包含
16、两个要素：共同的兴趣和个人的风格。初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/SAT词根词缀uni一个+vers=versus转变+al具有性质的变成一个的universal普遍的，全体的The mobile phones make universal communication possible.手机使世界通讯成为了可能。summary n. 总结，概括，概要In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of mans thoughts
17、 and feelings, and the history of the human soul. (P. 45)总之，文学是以真与美的形式表现生活的，是对人的思想、感情的书写记录，是人类灵魂的历史。词根词缀summ总数+ary表名词内容总和summary摘要小学/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GREI made a summary of this article. 我对这篇文章做了一下总结。feature n. & vi. n. 特色，特征vi. 以为特色，是的特征One important feature of classic literature is that. (P.
18、 47)A unique feature of this plant is its birdlike flower. 小学/初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL词根词缀feat做，制作+ure名词后缀做事的状态做事特征feature面貌；特征author n. 作者，作家. it often reflects an authors own experiences. (P. 47)初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFLLu Yao is the author of this book.therefore adv.因此，所以.and can therefore h
19、elp us understand the important issues of his or her time. (P. 47)People are holding their umbrellas up; therefore, it must be raining outside. 初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀there这样+fore因为therefore因此issue n. & vt. n. 重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；（报刊）一期vt. 宣布，公布.and can therefore help us understand the important i
20、ssues of his or her time. (P. 47)高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GREFood standards for fish are an important issue being talked about in the news. 鱼类食用标准成了最近新闻讨论的重要问题。novel n. （长篇）小说Cao Xueqins A Dream of Red Mansions, one of the most significant novels in Chinese literature, is a good example of this.
21、(P. 47)初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMAT/GRE词根词缀nov新的+el名词后缀新的故事novel小说He loves reading novels and these two are his favourites. draw on凭借，利用No doubt drawing on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. (P. 47)毫无疑问，曹雪芹利用了自己的经历，对当时的生活做了详细的描述。The old
22、er boy can draw on his past experience to help his little brother. 哥哥可以利用过去的经验来帮助弟弟。upper adj. 上部的；上面的The novel contains a great number of details such as what the upper class wore and ate. (P. 47)The upper floor is the working area, while the lower floor is the reception. 楼上是办公区域，楼下是接待处。高中/CET4/考研/
23、TOEFLgap n.差距；间隙As a result, readers are capable of better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and the uneducated in the historical context. (P. 45)I leaped across the narrow gap in the mountain.我跃过山间一条狭长的缝隙。高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLcontext n. （事情发生的）背景，环境，来龙去脉；上下文，语境As a
24、result, readers are capable of better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and the uneducated in the historical context. (P. 45)词根词缀con一起+text编织context上下文，来龙去脉初中/高中/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMATWe need the context to choose the right answer.specific adj. 特定的；明确的，具体的In s
25、ummary, we can learn much about a specific period in history from classic literature. . (P. 45)初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL/GMAT/GREought toTo start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read. (P. 48)modal v. 应该，应当When you study, you ought to sit up straight.
26、初中/高中particular adj. Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily. (P. 48)特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的The names are listed in no particular order. 这些名字的排列没有特定的顺序。初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL/GMAT单词变形副词 particularly词根词缀partic少量+ular形容词
27、后缀particular特别的topic n.Instead, look for books on topics that interest you. (P. 48)话题；题目；标题The topic of our discussion is saving the Earth. 初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLcollection n. Take time to look through the collections in different sections of your local library, and you are likely to come across books
28、you love to read. (P. 48)（同类）收藏品；作品集；募捐He has a fine collection of stamps. 他收集了一些精美的邮票。初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL单词变形动词 collect词根词缀collect收集+ion名词后缀collection采集，收藏section n. Take time to look through the collections in different sections of your local library, and you are likely to come across books you lo
29、ve to read. (P. 48)部分，部门；部件，散件We can see different sections of the house.这栋房子中存在不同的区域。 初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFL词根词缀sect切，割+ion名词后缀切开；部门mean adj.The books main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man. (P. 49)吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的反义词反义词generous初中/高中/考研transport On Christmas Eve, he is transported to
30、 different points in his life by three spirits. (P. 49)Avt. 运输，运送n. 交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输Airplanes, ships, trains and trucks are means of transporting goods.飞机、轮船、火车和卡车是运输货物的方式。初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/SAT/GMAT词根词缀trans转移+port运transport运输turkey n. On Christmas morning, he sends a large turkey to a po
31、or man for Christmas dinner. (P. 49)火鸡；火鸡肉generosity n. .we should treat others with kindness, generosity and love. (P. 49)慷概，大方，宽宏大量She showed her generosity and gave me a gift. 她表示了自己的慷概大方，送了我一份礼物。初中/CET6/考研词根词缀gener出生，产生+osity多的状态多产生generosity慷慨chapter n. Usually divided into several chapters (P.
32、 50)章节；篇章初中/高中/CET4/考研Please open your books to the first chapter.poetry n. 诗集，诗歌I like reading poetry from the Tang Dynasty.初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀poet诗人+ry集合poetry诗歌stage A story written for performance on the stage (P. 50)n. 舞台；阶段；步骤vt. 上演，举办That stage is not big enough for my show.舞台太小还不够我表
33、演的。初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL/GMAT词根词缀sta表示“站，立”+ge表示名词stage舞台；戏剧；阶段*autobiography n. 自传This scientists autobiography inspired me a lot. 这位科学家的自传给了我很大的启发。高中/考研/TOEFL词根词缀auto自己+bio生命，生物+graphy记述记述自己的人生autobiography自传*biography n. 传记，传记作品On the shelf, you can find many biographies of famous people. 你可以在书架上找到
34、许多名人传记。高中/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMAT词根词缀bio生命+graphy记述记录生平biography传记extremely adv. He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men. (P. 53)极其，非常，极端Compared with the Earth, the sun is extremely large. 和地球相比，太阳非常大。初中/高中/考研/TOEFL词根词缀extreme极端的+ly表副词过分地，极端地destroy vt. He is extremely good
35、at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”. (P. 53)摧毁，毁灭，破坏My dog destroyed my sofa. 初中/高中/CET4/考研单词变形名词 destruction 破坏，消灭，毁灭形容词 destructive 破坏性的，毁灭性的；消极的defeat He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be d
36、estroyed but not defeated”. (P. 53)vt. 击败，战胜n. 失败，战败；击败初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTSWhite defeated Black. 白棋战胜了黑棋。词根词缀de向下+feat做，制作做下去打下去defeat打败，摧毁attempt vt. & n. After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. (P. 53)努力，尝试，试图The cat attempts to catch that fis
37、h. 初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL词根词缀at表强调+tempt尝试一再尝试attempt尝试，企图straighten vt. Then he straightened himself and began another circle. (P. 53)vt. 挺直；（使）变直，变正The young man straightens his tie before leaving for work. 这个年轻人出门上班前整理了一下领带。高中/CET6/考研词根词缀straight直的+en动词后缀：使变成straighten弄直，使直*strain n. He f
38、elt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could. (P. 53)用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负Her kids summer course fees put her under great financial strain. 孩子的暑假班费用使她面临巨大的经济压力。反义词反义词relax高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMATalongside adv.But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well o
39、ut before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away. (P. 53)在旁边；与一起The dog ran alongside me while I jogged. 高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS词根词缀along沿着+side的一边沿着的边alongside在旁边*accomplish vt. That way nothing is accomplished,
40、he thought. (P. 53)完成词根词缀ac使+complish填满已经填满的accomplish完成He is so happy to have accomplished his goal. 高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GREnoble adj. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. (P. 54)贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的He is a prince of noble birth. 他是一位
41、出身高贵的王子。高中/CET4/考研confused adj. Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought. (P. 54)糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的高中词根词缀con全部+fus流，泻+ed的全部流到一起confused困惑的，烦恼的单词变形名词 confusion 困惑，分辨不清；混淆；混乱（状态）形容词 confused 迷惑的，糊涂的；混乱的，分不清的形容词 confusing 令人迷惑的；使人混乱的clear up“Clear up, head,” he said in a voice he could hardly
42、 hear. (P. 54)（头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理；放晴高中/IELTSThe sky clears up after the rain has fallen. 雨后的天空放晴了。be on the point of doing sth. He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time. (P. 54)每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。正要做某事*weave vi. & vt. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving
43、 in the air. (P. 54)鱼浮正身子，在空中摆着尾巴，又慢慢游开了。(weaved, weaved)迂回行进，穿行；(wove, woven) 编高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFLThe elder is weaving a sweater.*mushy adj. Ill try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes. (P. 54)我还要再试一次，老人向自己保证，虽然现在他的双手磨得鲜血淋漓了，眼睛过一阵儿才能看清楚东西。糊状的，软而稠的flash Ill try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes. (P. 54)n. 闪光；闪现vt. & vi. （使）闪光；（使）闪现初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFLThere was a flash when he took a picture. 在他拍照时，一道闪光亮起。
