1、B2U4 ReadingLanguage PointsBY G.Z01Useful Expressions02Words &Phrases03Sentences04Instant FeedbackCONTENTSUseful Expressions1. _n.文学，文学作品2. _n.灵魂3. _vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁4. _adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的5. _n.特色，特征vt.以为特色，是的特征6. _n.上下文，语境；环境，背景7. _adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的8. _vt.& vi.(被)唤起；(使)醒来9. _vt.使(船)下水；开始从事
2、，发动10. _n.永久；持久性Useful Expressionsliteraturespiritappealsensitivefeaturecontextcapableawakenlaunchpermanence11. _n.要素，基本部分12. _adj.普遍的，共同的13. _n.总结，概括，概要14. _adj.特定的；明确的，具体的15. _n.作者，作家16. _adv.因此，所以17. _n.重要议题，争议的问题；担忧；(报刊)一期vt.宣布，公布18. _n.(长篇)小说19. _adj.上部的；上面的20. _n.差距；间隙Useful Expressionselement
3、universalsummaryspecificauthorthereforeissuenoveluppergap21. _vt.确定；决定，支配vi.决心 _ adj.坚定的；毅然的 _ n.决心；决定22. _ adj.有重要意义的；显著的 _ n.意义；重要性23. _ n.描述，形容，说明 _ vt.描写；形容；描绘24. _ vt.& vi.反映，显示；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思 _ n.反映；思考；(声、光、热等的)反射；映像25. _ vt.包含，含有；容纳 _ n.容器；集装箱；货柜Useful Expressionsdeterminedetermineddeterminati
4、onsignificantsignificancedescriptiondescribereflectreflectioncontaincontainer1. _致力于；献身2. _即将发生(在某人身上)；等待着(某人)3. _对有吸引力；向呼吁4. _努力5. _有能力；能够6. _在于7. _总的来说8. _呈现；表现9. _凭借，利用10. _正在做某事，这/那时（突然）11. _某事引起某人的注意Useful Expressionsdevote oneself toin store (for sb. )appeal tomake an effortbe capable oflie in
5、in summarytake ondraw onbe doing sth. whenbring sth. to ones attentionWords & Phrases.whatever I have devoted myself to，I have devoted myself to completely.(1)devote.to (doing).把用在/献给(做)某事上be devoted to致力于，献身于；忠诚于(2)devotion n.奉献献身于；致力于；专心于Neighbors devoted their spare time to _(help) others Neighbo
6、rs devoted their spare time to _(help) others rebuild homes.rebuild homes.She got the prize for her _(devote) to the poor She got the prize for her _(devote) to the poor children.children.The woman devotes herself to the researchThe woman devotes herself to the research，so she has little so she has
7、little time to go home.time to go home._,_, the woman has little time to the woman has little time to go home.go home._,_, the woman has little time to the woman has little time to go home.go home.helpinghelpingdevotiondevotionD e v o t e d t o t h e D e v o t e d t o t h e researchresearchDevoting
8、herself to Devoting herself to the researchthe research and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears.(1)a range of一系列in the range of A to B处于A和B之间within range射程以内；范围以内(2) vi. (在一定范围内) 变化，变动；排列range from A to B在AB之间波动/变化n.种类；范围；山脉；射程This supermarket keeps _.This supermarket ke
9、eps _.这家超市有种类繁多的商品。这家超市有种类繁多的商品。The price was _our rangeThe price was _our range，so we declined.so we declined.The national park has a large collection of wildlife, The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _(range) from butterflies to elephants._(range) from butterflies to elephants.a w
10、ide range of goodsa wide range of goodsrangingrangingbeyondbeyondLet a little song appeal to the ear，or a great book to the heart，and .(1) appeal to sb. for sth. /to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人(做)某事appeal for恳求；呼吁make an appeal发出呼吁(2) appealing adj. 有吸引力的，有感染力的(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣The government is appealing to ev
11、eryone _(save) water.The government is appealing to everyone _(save) water.Having realized his mistakesHaving realized his mistakes，the thief _ mercy.the thief _ mercy.意识到自己的错误后，这个小偷恳求宽恕。意识到自己的错误后，这个小偷恳求宽恕。While this sounds highly _ (appeal)While this sounds highly _ (appeal)，it does not it does not
12、 work.work.它是吸引新闻媒体的一种有效方法。它是吸引新闻媒体的一种有效方法。It is an effective way It is an effective way _.(attract) _.(attract) It is an effective way It is an effective way _.(appeal)_.(appeal)to to savesavea p p e a l e d a p p e a l e d forforappealingappealingto attract the news to attract the news mediamediat
13、o appeal to the news to appeal to the news mediamediaThe first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.(1) determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)(3)determination n.决心；决定v.确定；决定；下定决心Yesterday
14、Yesterday，I sat with my sonI sat with my son，ShepherdShepherd，_ _ (determine) to test my own theory on this.(determine) to test my own theory on this.I have determined on _(go) to the countryside after I have determined on _(go) to the countryside after graduation.graduation.The governments action s
15、hows its _(determine) The governments action shows its _(determine) to control the situation.to control the situation.determineddeterminedgoinggoingdeterminatiodetermination nThe first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.(1)significance n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义be of great significancebe v
16、ery significant非常重要；有重大意义的be of no significance无意义；无关紧要attach significance to.重视；认为重要(2)significantly adv.显著地；重大地adj.有重要意义的；显著的；有意义的，影响深远的Our teacher told us that this would be a speech Our teacher told us that this would be a speech _._.I _ the news that some new I _ the news that some new traffic
17、rules will take effect.traffic rules will take effect.As a matter of factAs a matter of fact，his advice is very significant to the his advice is very significant to the beginners.beginners. A s a m a t t e r o f f a c t A s a m a t t e r o f f a c t ， h i s a d v i c e h i s a d v i c e _ the beginn
18、ers._ the beginners.of great significanceof great significancea t t a c h g r e a t a t t a c h g r e a t significance tosignificance tois of great significance is of great significance totoThe first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. (1)give a description of 形容，描述beyond d
19、escriptionn.无法形容；难以描述(2)describe v.描写；描述describe as. 把说成是n.描写；描述H H gave a full _(describe) of the accident.gave a full _(describe) of the accident.I was pleased beyond description that I got this job.I was pleased beyond description that I got this job.得到了这份工作让我喜不自胜。得到了这份工作让我喜不自胜。descriptiondescrip
20、tionuntil a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention be sensitive to对敏感的/体谅的adj.敏感的；易受伤的；灵敏的；感觉敏锐的；善解人意的；体贴的I am not in favor of her. She is too sensitive to what people I am not in favor of her. She is too sensitive to what people think of her.think of her.She is very _(sense) to other peo
21、ples feelings.She is very _(sense) to other peoples feelings.她很能体谅他人的感受。她很能体谅他人的感受。Some plants _(Some plants _(对对很敏感很敏感) light. They ) light. They prefers shade. prefers shade. sensitivesensitiveare sensitive are sensitive toto just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.(1)reflect sb. /sth. in
22、sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像reflect on/upon思考；反省(2)reflection n.思考；映射；反射；倒影on reflection仔细想来，经过慎重考虑be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中v.思考；反映，映射；反射(声、光、热等)On _(reflect)On _(reflect)，we decided to buy that house.we decided to buy that house.The poet was lying on the grass and reflected on what had The poet was lying
23、 on the grass and reflected on what had happened that day. happened that day. T h e p o e t w a s l y i n g o n t h e g r a s s T h e p o e t w a s l y i n g o n t h e g r a s s ，_._.reflectionreflectionreflecting on what had happened reflecting on what had happened that daythat day is capable of se
24、eing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.(1)be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力/可能(做)某事(2) incapable adj.无能力的，不会的，不能胜任的；失态的(3)capability n.能力，才能；性能adj.有能力的；熟练的；有可能的The company _ such a large order.The company _ such a large order.公司没有能力应付这样大批的订货。公司没有能力应付这样大批的订货。No one doubts her _(capable) fo
25、r the job.No one doubts her _(capable) for the job.was not capable of handling was not capable of handling capabilitcapability y，it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.(1) contain oneself克制自己(2) container n.容器；集装箱vt.包含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制He was so excited that he could hardly
26、_.He was so excited that he could hardly _.他太激动了，以至于无法控制自己。他太激动了，以至于无法控制自己。I dont know how much oil is in this old _(contain).I dont know how much oil is in this old _(contain).contain himselfcontain himselfcontainercontainercontain表示包含所含之物的全部或部分，还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。另外，contain还有“克制，抑制”之意。include意为“包
27、含；包括在内；计入，算入”，指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，在句中常构成分词短语sb. /sth. included或介词短语including sb. /sth. ，it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.(1) contain oneself克制自己(2) container n.容器；集装箱vt.包含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制I just cant believe this little book _ all the I just cant believe this little book
28、 _ all the information that I need.information that I need.At weekendsAt weekends，I have to prepare food for seven people I have to prepare food for seven people _ me._ me.containscontainsincludingincludingcontain表示包含所含之物的全部或部分，还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。另外，contain还有“克制，抑制”之意。include意为“包含；包括在内；计入，算入”，指作为整体
29、中的一部分而被包括进去，在句中常构成分词短语sb. /sth. included或介词短语including sb. /sth. It also takes on a personal styleno writer can describe human life without reflecting take awaytake backtake caretake charge oftake downtake overtake offtake apart take intake placetake uptake onThese insects can take _ the color of th
30、eir surroundings.These insects can take _ the color of their surroundings.We have decided to take _ a new clerk in the accounts We have decided to take _ a new clerk in the accounts department.department.Plants take _ carbon dioxide from air through air holes in Plants take _ carbon dioxide from air
31、 through air holes in their leaves.their leaves.When an airplane takes _, it leaves the ground and starts When an airplane takes _, it leaves the ground and starts flying. flying. Elections take _ every four years.Elections take _ every four years.If you take _ a piece of information, you write it d
32、own.If you take _ a piece of information, you write it down.I know how busy you are and I wouldnt take _ much of your I know how busy you are and I wouldnt take _ much of your time.time.ononononininoffoffplaceplacedowndownupupIt also takes on a personal styleno writer can describe human life without
33、 reflecting take away拿走；剥夺take back收回take care当心，注意take charge of 负责,管理take down取下，记下take over接管take off脱下；起飞take apart 拆开take in欺骗；吸收；接收take place发生take up从事；继续；占据；接受 (建议或挑战)take on呈现，露出；开始雇用;接受(工作)；承担(责任)No doubt drawing on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description . draw back后退
34、；撤回draw out提取(存款等) draw up起草; (车辆)到达某处停下draw ones attention to把某人的注意力吸引到draw a conclusion (from) (.中)得出结论凭借，利用；接近，临近With the final examination _(draw) on, we were more With the final examination _(draw) on, we were more nervous.nervous.In order to be a good writer, you have to draw _ your In order t
35、o be a good writer, you have to draw _ your imagination and life experience.imagination and life experience.The police _ outside the house to catch the thief.The police _ outside the house to catch the thief.drawingdrawingonondrew updrew upSentencesWhat qualities do you think a great work of literat
36、ure should have? 句中do you think为插入语,其后a great work of literature should have用的是陈述句语序。类似的词还有：do you think/expect/ suppose/ believe/sayWhat do you think I can do?What do you think I can do?你认为我能做什么？你认为我能做什么？-Where do you think _he _the computer?-Where do you think _he _the computer?-Sorry, I dont know
37、.-Sorry, I dont know.A. / , boughtA. / , boughtB. has, boughtB. has, boughtC. did, buy C. did, buy D. does, buyD. does, buyWhat amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old.本句为what 引导的名词性从句作主语。what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词that”。(2)名词性从句的引导词除了what以外，还有that，which，
38、who，where，when，how等。that在名词性从句中不作成分，一般不可以省略。_ makes him so popular is his humorous style when he is _ makes him so popular is his humorous style when he is talking.talking.Facebook is a place where you can share _ Facebook is a place where you can share _ in your life with friends.in your life with
39、friends.脸书是一个你可以和朋友分享生活中所发生的事情的地方。脸书是一个你可以和朋友分享生活中所发生的事情的地方。_ attracts a lot of students who are _ attracts a lot of students who are interested in astronomy.interested in astronomy.太阳是如何运转的吸引了许多对天文学感兴趣的学生太阳是如何运转的吸引了许多对天文学感兴趣的学生WhatWhatwhat is going what is going ononHow the sun worksHow the sun wor
40、ksBehind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the face are the natural and social environment.由and连接的三个并列句，都是表语前置的完全倒装句式。(1) Here/There/Now/Then/Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off+ come/ go/rush. +主语(主语是名词，谓语是表示位置移动的动词)Here comes Michael now.Up climbed the boy when his mother came.(2)表示地
41、点的介词短语+be/live/lie/stand. +主语(主语是名词)Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man.(3)表语前置需要完全倒装。Gone are the days when women are looked down upon.(4) There be/live/fly/lie/stand/remain. +主语(表示某地有某物)There is an adventurer in the room.Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and
42、behind the face are the natural and social environment.The speaker sat in the front of the lecture hall.The speaker sat in the front of the lecture hall.In the front of the lecture hall _.In the front of the lecture hall _.Some picture books are here.Some picture books are here.Here _.Here _._(_(出席会
43、议的有出席会议的有) are the experts ) are the experts from home and abroad.from home and abroad.John opened the door. _(John opened the door. _(站在那里站在那里) a girl he ) a girl he had neverhad neverseen before.seen before.Professor Zhang came into the hall, and _(Professor Zhang came into the hall, and _(然然后进来后进
44、来) his assistant carrying a pile of books.) his assistant carrying a pile of books.这个小男孩冲了出去。这个小男孩冲了出去。Out rushed the boy.Out rushed the boy.s a t t h e s a t t h e speakerspeakerare some picture are some picture books books P r e s e n t a t t h e P r e s e n t a t t h e meetingmeetingThere stoodTh
45、ere stoodthen followedthen followed.he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world，a world of love，beauty and heroism.本句中through which our imagination enters a new world 为“介词关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词door。“介词关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，此时不能用that代替which。当先行词为“人”时，关系代词用whom；当先行词为“物”时，
46、关系代词用which。The reasonThe reason，_ which he was absent from the meeting_ which he was absent from the meeting，wasnt wasnt given.given.C h i n a i s a b e a u t i f u l c o u n t r yC h i n a i s a b e a u t i f u l c o u n t r y ，_._.中国是个美丽的国家，我们为之感到非常骄傲。中国是个美丽的国家，我们为之感到非常骄傲。T h e r e a r e s i x t y
47、 s t u d e n t s i n o u r c l a s sT h e r e a r e s i x t y s t u d e n t s i n o u r c l a s s ， _._.我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。forforof which we are greatly proudof which we are greatly proudtwenty of whom are girlstwenty of whom are girls.he opens a door through which our imagination
48、 enters a new world，a world of love，beauty and heroism.Is this the car _ you paid a high price?Is this the car _ you paid a high price?This is the camera _ he often takes photos.This is the camera _ he often takes photos.This is the hero _ we are proud.This is the hero _ we are proud.The colorless g
49、as _ we cannot live is The colorless gas _ we cannot live is called oxygen.called oxygen.This is his grandmother whom he is looking after.This is his grandmother whom he is looking after.This is his grandmother after whom he is looking.This is his grandmother after whom he is looking.The newly-built
50、 caf, the walls _ are painted The newly-built caf, the walls _ are painted light green.light green.根据从句中谓语动词的搭配而定for whichfor whichwith which with which 根据先行词的搭配而定of whom of whom 根据从句中形容词的搭配而定without which without which 根据语境及从句意义选择有些“动词+介词”短语，如look for, look after, call on等不可拆开of which of which 有时“介
