1、Unit 3 The world onlineGrammar and usageVerb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements1. What will you do if you want to learn how to dance?Ill go to a dancing class or learn from friends who are good at dancing.Lead-in2. Whats the learning resource mentioned in the article dance
2、lovers can take advantage of?A website called JustDance.Using the Internet, we can find some interesting websites providing dancing resources.I often hear my sister chatting using Wechat and see my father reading newspapers . What are these?Verb-ingVerb-ingRead and exploreVerb-ing forms as attributi
3、vesA website belonging to all dance loversVerb-ing forms as adverbialsTaking advantage of the sites great startVerb-ing forms as object complements She watched her daughter dancingAFunctions of the verb-ing formsVerb-ing forms as attributivesa website belonging to all dance loversVerb-ing forms as a
4、dverbialsTaking advantage of the sites great startVerb-ing forms as object complements She watched her daughter dancingthe lady running the websiteinspiring storiesHaving achieved such successShe always found dance relaxingAFunctions of the verb-ing formsRead and exploreExploring the rules The verb-
5、ing form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) _ (active/passive) meaning. When the verbing form is used as an attributive, it often comes (2) _ (before/after) the noun, but the verb-ing phrase used as an attributive is usually put (3) _(before/after) the noun. When used as
6、 an adverbial, the verb-ing form can express time, reason, purpose, result or condition. The verb-ing form can also be used as an object complement.activebeforeafterWorking out the rulesA动词动词-ing形式作定语、状语、宾补形式作定语、状语、宾补1. 动词动词-ing形式作形式作定语定语可表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常发生的或短暂的动可表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常发生的或短暂的动作以及经常存在的状态。如
7、：作以及经常存在的状态。如： Who is the woman talking to Jim? There were 220 children studying in the art school.This is a problem being discussed.1) 单个动词单个动词-ing形式作定语形式作定语，常置于被修饰词之前常置于被修饰词之前。有些动词有些动词-ing形式已转化成形容词形式已转化成形容词，表示表示“令人令人的的”。如如: This is an amazing achievement.2) 动词动词-ing形式短语作定语形式短语作定语, 常置于被修饰词之后。如常置于被修
8、饰词之后。如: The people talking there are my friends.3) 动词动词-ing形式作定语形式作定语, 有被动形式。如有被动形式。如: Do you know anything about the new film being shot? Who is the girl reading the article about a website? There were 220 children having lessons online.This is the topic being discussed.Ongoing actionFrequent actio
9、n Long-existing stateActive meaningThe question _ is of great importance.正在讨论的这个问题非常重要。正在讨论的这个问题非常重要。being discussed This is an amazing advertisement. He was trapped inside the burning house.The people talking there are my friends.The bridge being built now will be the longest one in the world. Posi
10、tion of verb-ing forms as attributives2. 动词动词-ing形式作形式作状语状语 常表示原因、时间、条件、伴随情况等。如：常表示原因、时间、条件、伴随情况等。如： Having a bad cold, Tom didnt go to the theatre. (原因原因) Walking along the street, I saw an old friend. (时间时间) They stood talking to each other. (伴随伴随) Turning to the left, you will see the shop. (条件条件
11、)注意：注意：1) 动词动词-ing形式用作状语时形式用作状语时, 可以在前面加连词。如可以在前面加连词。如： While watching TV, Grandpa fell asleep. Though living near the cinema, I seldom go there.2) 动词动词-ing形式用作状语时形式用作状语时, 有完成式和被动式。如有完成式和被动式。如: Having worked for over 30 years, Mr Wang retired last month. Having been raised on a farm, Tim knows a lot
12、 about farm animals.3) 动词动词-ing形式用作状语时形式用作状语时, 其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。如其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。如: Being tired, John had a rest. (正确正确) Being tired, I asked John to have a rest. (错误错误) Having a bad cold, Tom didnt go to the theatre. (purpose)Walking along the street, I saw an old friend. (time)Turning to the left, you wi
13、ll see the shop. (condition)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. (result)They stood talking to each other. (伴随伴随)3. 动词动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足语宾语补足语表示正在进行的活动或反复的动作。如：表示正在进行的活动或反复的动作。如：1) 在在 watch、see、hear、 feel 、find、 notice、smell等表示感等表示感官和心理状态的动词后作
14、宾语补足语。如官和心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。如: I hear someone playing the piano in the next room. I see him passing my house every day. I like watching her dancing on stage.2) 在在have、keep、set、get等表示等表示 “使使” “让让” 的动词后作宾语的动词后作宾语补足语。如补足语。如: The teachers words set me thinking.I heard someone singing.He saw his friend surfi
15、ng the Internet.I can smell something burning!I watched the birds flying away.The present participle after verbs of perceptionOngoing actionThe teachers words set me thinking.verb-ing 的各种形式的各种形式非谓语动词非谓语动词 主动式主动式被动式被动式动词动词-ing形式形式一般式一般式 doingbeing done完成式完成式 having donehaving been done时时 态态 和和 语语 态态形
16、式主主 动动被被 动动一般式 完成式否定式not+V.ing形式形式doingbeing donehaving done (作状语作状语)having been done (作状语作状语)1) Having worked for over 30 years, Mr Wang retired last month. Having been raised on a farm, Tim knows a lot about farm animals.2) Being tired, John had a rest. T Being tired, I asked John to have a rest.
17、Fverb-ing 的各种形式的各种形式非谓语动词非谓语动词 主动式主动式被动式被动式动词动词-ing形式形式一般式一般式完成式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been doneApplying the rules1. I saw that Jess was doing research online in the computer room. I saw _ in the computer room. 2. Anybody who goes online should be careful about their personal informatio
18、n. _ should be careful about their personal information. Jess doing research online Anybody going online B1 Rewrite the sentences using the verb-ing forms in Part B1 on Page 35Applying the rules3. When he heard the news, he jumped for joy. _, he jumped for joy. 4. After I searched the Internet for i
19、nformation, I started writing my article. _, I started writing my article. Hearing the newsHaving searched the Internet for information B1Applying the rules1. verb-ing form used as an object complement 2. Verb-ing form used as an attributive3. Verb-ing form used as an adverbial4. Verb-ing form used
20、an an adverbial B1 Figure out the functions of the verb-ing forms in the missing parts in Part B1 on Page 35Applying the rulesB2Sample answers:1. thinking 2. amazing 3. cutting 4. Using 5. Having had6. runningComplete the conversation with the correct verb-ing forms of the verbs in the box in Part B
21、2 on Page 35 .Applying the rulesB2The pattern of the verb-ing form used as an attributive:a verb-ing form + a noun a noun + a verb-ing phraseThe pattern of the verb-ing form used as an object complement:a transitive verb + an object + a verb-ing form with + an object + a verb-ing formFind out the pa
22、ttern of the verb-ing forms used as an attributive, an object complement and an adverbial.Applying the rulesB2The pattern of the verb-ing form used as an adverbial:A verb-ing form put at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of a sentence, with its logical subject in agreement with the subject
23、of the sentence.Applying the rulesB2(1) a crying baby (2) an exciting movie(3) some shocking news A verb-ing form + a noun / a noun + a verb-ing phrase(1) children sitting there(2) shoes lying on the floorThe pattern of the verb-ing form used as an attributiveApplying the rulesB2(1) find the baby cr
24、ying (2) hear them singing the song(3) watch him doing the experiment (4) send the papers flying in all directions(5) keep them waiting(6) with the boy leading the way a transitive verb + an object + a verb-ing formwith + an object + a verb-ing formThe pattern of the verb-ing form used as an object
25、complementApplying the rulesB2(1) Hearing the bad news, he burst into tears. (2) The audience left the amphitheatre, still talking about the performance, and soon disappeared into the darkness. (3) The president finished delivering a national address, adding that he was willing to sacrifice himself
26、for sake of the country before he left the stage. A verb-ing form or a verb-ing phrase put at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of a sentence, with its logical subject in agreement with the subject of the sentence. The pattern of the verb-ing form used as an adverbialApplying the rulesPictu
27、re 1S1: The family chatting online look so happy.S2: Chatting online with the girls mum, the family are having a good time. S3: I can see the family chatting happily online.Describe the pictures in Part B3 on Page 35 using verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements. Applying th
28、e rulesPicture 2S1: Watch out for those stealing personal information online.S2: Not keeping your bank account and password private, you areS2: likely to become a victim of online theft of personal information.S3: The Internet is far from safe, and every day the police catch some S2: people stealing
29、 personal information online.Describe the pictures in Part B3 on Page 35 using verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements. Applying the rulesWith the Internet becoming increasingly popular, we high school students often buy many interesting books on the Internet, saving us a lo
30、t of time. Such trend indicates that the traditional shopping pattern are being replaced by online shopping. We can often hear our classmates talking about what they have recently bought, which sometimes becomes an exciting topic among us. Possible answer Talk about your online activities using verb
31、-ing forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements.1. It rained heavily for several days, _ (cause) severe floods in the country.2. Suddenly Mike saw a huge horse _ (run) towards him and was frightened to scream. 3. The issue _ (talk about) in their family is very important to them. 4. Mar
32、y wrote a letter to her parents, _(say) she missed them and was studying hard. 5. The salesman scolded the girl caught _(steal) and let her off.causing runningbeing talked about sayingFill in the blanks with proper verb-ing forms.Consolidationstealing 6. They found a dying old woman _ (lie) on the g
33、round when the door was broken open.7. _ (not receive) a reply, he decided to send them another email. 8. After he was elected president of the company, he made an _ (inspire) speech.9. _(work) as a volunteer teacher in Tibet for a year, Linda becomes more experienced.10. There are so many troubleso
34、me problems _ (remain) to be solved.lying Not having receivedinspiring ConsolidationHaving workedremaining 1. The stadium _ (build) at present in the city is intended for the coming Asian Games. 2. When I saw the dog _ (beat) by several boys, I came up to stop them.3. _ (apology) to his teacher for
35、his rude manner, he made a promise that he wouldnt make the same mistake.4.After the meeting, I hurried to the bus stop, only to_(find) the last bus has gone.being builtbeing beatenHaving apologizedfind用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ (allow) more
36、patients to be treated. 2. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ (range) from butterflies to elephants. 3. Every time Gina catches her employees _(waste) time，she reminds them that time is priceless.4. Im sorry to have kept you _(wait) for so long.5. _(spend) the past year as an ex
37、change student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.allowingrangingwastingwaitingHaving spent将下面每组句子合并成一个含有将下面每组句子合并成一个含有verb-ing的句子，并使句意保的句子，并使句意保持不变。持不变。1. We climbed to the top of the tower. We saw fantastic scenery. 2. Larry went out. Larry shut the door behind him. Clim
38、bing to the top of the tower, we saw fantastic scenery. Larry went out shutting the door behind him.3. The village is made up of 490 families. The 490 families belong to five nationalities.4. Many Chinese brands have developed their reputations over centuries. They are facing new challenges from the
39、 modern market. Having developed their reputations over centuries, many Chinese brands are facing new challenges from the modern market. The village is made up of 490 families belonging to five nationalities.Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the brackets and tell
40、their functions. 1. As the hotel manager, I really enjoy _(read) customers feedback.2. Yulan magnolia _(signal) honesty is the city flower of Shanghai.3. _(drive) home, Simon noticed a car _ (follow) him.4. _(notice) each other, the two cars bumped.5. _(go) abroad is my dream.6. This _(amaze) app ca
41、n recommend a few haircuts to you according to the photo of your face.7. She was heard _(sing) in the gym then.readingsignalingDrivingfollowingNot noticingGoingamazingsingingExercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ing forms.1. Anyone who goes online should be careful about their perso
42、nal information. _ should be careful about their personal information.2. If you walk down straight the road, you will see the post office on your right. _, you will see the post office on your right.3. He sat there, and didnt know what to say. He sat there, _.4. I find the job is a challenge for me.
43、 I find _.Anyone going onlineWalking down straight the roadnot knowing what to saythe job challenging for me Exercise 3: Translate Chinese into English to finish the following sentences using verb-ing forms.1. The factory keeps giving off the smoke, _ (污染了空气).2. _(等公交车时), I met an old friend of mine
44、.3. _(展示中国文化) is the theme of our activity.4. We need to wear facial masks to avoid _ (传播细菌).5. They are talking about _(买一台电脑).6. He remained _(坐在桌旁).sitting beside the tablebuying a computerspreading bacteriaDisplaying Chinese cultureWaiting for the buspolluting the air即时练习即时练习动词适当形式填空动词适当形式填空1. I
45、t rained heavily for several days, (cause) severe floods in the country.2. Suddenly Mike saw a huge horse (run) towards him and was frightened to scream. 3. The issue (talk about) in their family is very important to them. 4. Mary wrote a letter to her parents, (say) she missed them and was studying
46、 hard. 5. The salesman scolded the girl caught (steal) and let her off.6. There are so many troublesome problems (remain) to be solved.7. They found a dying old woman (lie) on the ground when the door was broken open.8. After he was elected president of the company, he made an (inspire) speech.答案：答案：1. causing; 2. running; 3. being talked about; 4. saying; 5.stealing; 6. remaining; 7. lying; 8. inspiring Homework1. Finish writing your online activities using verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements. 2. Finish the workbook.
