1、1. With these severe restrictions to her communication, severe adj. severe problems, injuries, illnesses etc are very bad or very serious 很严重的很严重的汉语意思汉语意思对应英语单词对应英语单词严重的；严肃的严重的；严肃的severe, serious(伤势伤势)严重的严重的severe(疾病疾病)严重的严重的severe, serious严厉的；严格的严厉的；严格的strict, severeeg She received severe head inju
2、ries in the accident. 在事故中她的头部受了重伤。在事故中她的头部受了重伤。 I was laid up for six weeks with a severe / serious illness. 由于重病，我卧床六个星期。由于重病，我卧床六个星期。【拓展拓展】 be severe on 对对严厉严厉 be severe with oneself 严于律己严于律己 severe + -ly severely adv.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。 1) He _ his children. 他对子女很严格。他对子女很严格。 2) You are too _ th
3、e boy. 你对那个男孩太严厉了。你对那个男孩太严厉了。 3) 我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。 _ is severe withsevere on (upon)I felt a severe pain in the chest. restriction n. a rule or law that limits or controls what people can do 限制，规定，约束限制，规定，约束restrict v. 限制；控制限制；控制 restrict to 仅限于，限制在仅限于，限制在eg Use of the pool is restricted to club m
4、embers. 游泳池的使用仅限于俱乐部成员。游泳池的使用仅限于俱乐部成员。【语境应用语境应用】翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1) 他不喜欢他们限制他选择的自由。他不喜欢他们限制他选择的自由。2) 我被限制一天喝三杯茶。我被限制一天喝三杯茶。He dislikes their restriction of his freedom of choice.I am restricted to three cups of tea a day.2. Shed had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helens
5、difficulties. relate vi. to feel that you understand someones problem, situation etc 理解；相联系理解；相联系 eg Laurie finds it difficult to relate to children. 劳里觉得很难理解小孩子的想法。劳里觉得很难理解小孩子的想法。related adj. 与某人（某物）有关的，相联系的与某人（某物）有关的，相联系的relation n. 关联，关系；亲戚，亲属关联，关系；亲戚，亲属relationship n. 关系关系relative n. 亲属，亲戚；亲属，亲戚
6、； adj. 相关的，两相比较的相关的，两相比较的【语境应用语境应用】用用relate的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1) I found it difficult _ the two ideas in my mind.2) We discussed unemployment and _ issues.3) _ between the two countries have improved recently.4) No one knows why she _ to loud modern music in the past.to relaterelated / relativeRelation
7、s / Relationshipsrelated3. Now that Helen grasped the key to language, grasp vt. to completely understand a fact or an idea, especially a complicated one 理解，领会理解，领会 eg Some people find the idea of relativity difficult to grasp. 有些人觉得相对论的概念很难理解。有些人觉得相对论的概念很难理解。【归纳归纳】grasp既可作动词，也可作名词。既可作动词，也可作名词。v. 抓，
8、抓住抓，抓住 理解理解n. 抓住，在抓住，在控制中控制中 理解，掌握理解，掌握【拓展拓展】grasp at 设法抓住，试图抓住设法抓住，试图抓住eg He grasped at the rope but missed it.【语境应用语境应用】翻译下面句子。翻译下面句子。1) 有些人发现理解这个观点很难。有些人发现理解这个观点很难。2) 她准备好抓住任何机会来扩大自己的生意。她准备好抓住任何机会来扩大自己的生意。3) 这个课程将提高学生们对这一语言的理解。这个课程将提高学生们对这一语言的理解。Some people find the idea (is) difficult to grasp.
9、/ Some people find it is difficult to grasp the idea.She is ready to grasp any opportunity to expand her business.The course will improve the students grasp of the language.4. it was a gradual and sometimes painful process. gradual adj. happening in a slow way over a long period of time 逐渐的，逐步的逐渐的，逐
10、步的 eg There has been a gradual change in climate. 气候渐渐发生了变化。气候渐渐发生了变化。(反义词反义词) sudden adj. 忽然的，突然的忽然的，突然的gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地逐渐地，逐步地eg The cat moved gradually forward. 猫慢慢的向前移动。猫慢慢的向前移动。5. As Helens knowledge and vocabulary expanded expand vi. & vt. to become larger in size, number, or amount, or
11、to make something become larger（使）扩大（使）扩大; 增加增加 vi. to talk more; to add details to what you are saying 细谈；详细谈；详述述 vi. & vt. if a business expands or is expanded, new branches are opened, it makes more money, etc. 扩展；发展（业务）扩展；发展（业务）expand.into 把把扩展扩展(发展发展)成成expand on/upon 阐述阐述; 详谈详谈【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句
12、子1) 我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。 We plan to _ by opening two more stores. 2) 管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。 The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to _.3) Could you expand _ that point, please?expand the businessexpand and burston / uponexpand 展开展开, 扩大扩大, 不仅指尺寸的增加不仅指尺寸的增加, 还可指范围
13、和体积的还可指范围和体积的扩大。扩大。extend 伸出伸出, 延伸延伸, 指空间范围的扩大指空间范围的扩大, 以及长度、宽度的向以及长度、宽度的向外延伸外延伸, 也可指时间的延长。也可指时间的延长。spread 伸开伸开, 传播传播, 一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围, 如传如传播播(疾病疾病)、散布、散布(信息信息)等。等。stretch 伸展伸展, 拉长拉长, 一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展, 不是加不是加长。长。expand extend spread stretch【语境应用语境应用】用用expand/extend/sprea
14、d/stretch的适当形式填的适当形式填空空1) The hot weather _ to October.2) Water _ when it freezes.3) He _ his body full.4) The fire soon _ to the nearby building.extendedexpandsstretchesspread6. Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen apparent adj. easy to notice 显而易见的；明白的显而易见的；明白的 eg Her unhap
15、piness was apparent to everyone. 谁都看得出她很不开心。谁都看得出她很不开心。【归纳归纳】Its apparent that . 显然显然It is apparent to sb. that 某人明白某人明白apparently adv. 显然地，显而易见地显然地，显而易见地1) _ rain today. 看来今天会下雨。看来今天会下雨。2) _ he was ill. 很明显他生病了。很明显他生病了。 单句语法填空单句语法填空3) Stars _(apparent) do not follow this basic principle of sportsma
16、nship. (2019 北京北京)【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。Apparently its going toIt was apparent thatapparently 7. she was confused and disappointed. disappointed adj. unhappy because something you hoped for did not happen, or because someone or something was not as good as you expected 失望的，沮丧的失望的，沮丧的be disappointed at
17、 / about / with sth.对某事对某事/某方面感到失望某方面感到失望be disappointed in / with sb. 对某人感到失望对某人感到失望be disappointed that / to do sth. 因因做某事而感到失望做某事而感到失望eg Im very disappointed in both of you I expected better behavior. We were disappointed to find that the museum was closed.disappoint v. 使失望使失望disappointing adj. 令
18、人失望的，令人沮丧的令人失望的，令人沮丧的disappointment n. 失望失望, 沮丧沮丧, 扫兴扫兴; 令人失望的人或事令人失望的人或事to ones disappointment使某人失望的是使某人失望的是【语境应用语境应用】 From his _ voice on the phone I know what his son did _ him; in other words, his son is _. (disappoint)disappointeddisappointeddisappointing完成句子。完成句子。 The city was crowded with _ (disappoint) people with no interest in settling down. disappointed
